2022届全国卷地区高考英语模拟试卷含答案缺听力 (一)

绝密★启用前

2022届全国卷地区高考英语模拟试卷1

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

第I卷（选择题）

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一、阅读理解（共15题，每题2分，共30分）

MadScientist

Diveintoscienceduringthisfun,colorful,andexcitingclass!All

studentsbecomemadscientistsastheyexploredifferentscientifictopics,

includingchemistry,physics,biology,andgeology.

Eachweek,studentsconductexcitinghands-onScience,Technology,

Engineering,andMathexperimentsandchallengesusingthescientificmethod.A

combinationofdemonstrations,take-homeprojects,independentexploration,and

uniqueexperimentsexposesthemtoavarietyofbasicscientificconcepts.This

classmaygetmessyastheyhavefunwithscienceandexploreCalifornia,s

coastlinethroughscientificthinking.

DiscoveryLeaders:ChantaeReidandSandraTraverso

Mondays:9:00AMto12:00PM

GradeGuidelines:Kto3rd

Cost:$210forfourweeks

SpringSessions:They'renowofferedasFour-WeekSessions.

SpringSessionOne:January25th-February15th

XSpringSessionTwo:February22nd-March15th

XSpringSessionThree:March22nd-April19th（Noclassinthethirdweek）

XSpringSessionFour:April26th-May17th

WhattoBring/Wear:layeredclothing,shoesthatcoverthetoes,andan

individualsnack

Enrollment（注册）：minimumof4studentsperclass/maximumof6students

Note:Ifyouwillbeusingaschoolvoucher（代金券）forclasspaymentyou

canstillregisteryourchildusingoursystem.

BathroomPolicy:Allstudentsmustbeabletogotothebathroomby

themselves.

ClassLocation:WaterfrontEducationLearningHub-1021N.HarborDrive,

RedondoBeachCA90277

1.Whatisthemainfocusoftheclass?

A.Learningaboutscienceinafunway.

B.Interestingfactsaboutmadscientists.

C.Practicalwaystodoscientificresearch.

D.ExploringCalifornia'scoastscientifically.

2.Whatistherequirementfortheclass?

A.Schoolvoucherscannotbeused.B.Kidsshouldbeaged3andabove.

C.IndividualsnacksareD.Kidsshouldwearclosed-toe

unacceptable.shoes.

3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A.Aprogramreview.B.Ascientificreport.

C.Anexhibitionguide.D.Acourseadvertisement.

TodayweknowAntarcticaasanextremeenvironmentcontainingiceandsnow.

Butnewresearchprovidesevidencethattheareahadarainforestinthepast.

TheresearcherscollectedapieceofEarthsediment（沉淀物）fromunderthe

seaflooroffthecoastofAntarctica.Inthesediment,theydiscoveredforest

materialthatwasestimatedtobeabout90millionyearsold.Thiswouldhave

beenintheCretaceousPeriod,whendinosaurswerethemainlandanimals.The

sedimentwasremovedbyscientistsontheresearchicebreakerRVPolarsternin

theAmundsenSeanearPineIslandGlacier.

JohannKlagesisageologistwiththeAlfredWegenerInstitute,Helmholtz

CenterforPolarandMarineResearchinGermany.Hewastheleadwriterofa

studyonthefindings,publishedinthejournalNature.Hesaidthesediment

wascollectedfromadepthofabout30metersbelowtheoceanfloor.Klages

saidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialdidn,tformintheocean.

Theresearchersestimatethatthearea-about900kilometersfromthe

SouthPole一hadaverageyearlytemperaturesofabout12to13degreesCelsius.

Duringthewarmestsummermonths,averagetemperatureslikelyreachedbetween

20and25degreesCelsius.Thesoilincludedfinedirtparticles（颗粒）andhard

clay,aswellassubstanceslinkedtoatleast65differentkindsofplants,

thestudyfound.Klagesaddedthattheplantsincludedtrees,fernsand

floweringplants.Whilenoanimalremainswerefound,Klagessaidtherewere

likelydinosaurs,flyingreptiles（爬行动物）andmanyinsectsintheenvironment.

TheresearchrepresentsnewevidenceofthemajorclimatechangesEarthhas

experiencedinthepast-andiscurrentlyundergoingtoday.Thesoilinthe

sedimentdatesbacktotheplanet'swarmestperiodofthepast140million

years,withsealevelabout170metershigherthantoday.Theresearcherssaid

thattherainforestenvironmentinAntarcticawasespeciallysurprisingbecause

eachyear,theareaexperiencesafour-monthpolarnightwhenthereisno

sunlighttofuelplantlife.Klagessaidnoicesheetswerepresentduringthe

time,butseasonalsnowfallwaslikely.

4.Howdidtheresearcherscometotheirfindings?

A.Bycollectingdataonclimate.B.Byresearchingspecialplants.

C.ByexploringiceinAntarctica.D.ByanalyzingtheEarthsediment.

5.Whatdidtheresearcherssayaboutthesediment?

A.Itsmaterialdevelopedintheocean.

B.Itsmaterialformedontheland.

C.ItdatesbacktocoldtimesinAntarctica.

D.Itcontaineddifferentanimalremains.

6.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?

A.Therewereicesheets140millionyearsago.

B.Seasonalsnowfallmadetheforestdisappear.

C.Antarctica,snaturalenvironmenthaschangedgreatly.

D.PolarnightsinAntarcticaaregettingshorterthanbefore.

7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Antarcticaisgettingratherwarmerlikebefore.

B.VariouswildlifeonceexistedinAntarctica.

C.Antarcticahadquiteadifferenthistoryofclimate.

D.ResearchersstudythesecretsofAntarctica.

Areyousickofgoingtobedlateandwakinguptired?Thengrabyour

hikingbootsandatent.Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreat

outdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmore

sleep.

Thebodyclockisaninternalsystemthattellsourbodieswhenit'stime

togotosleepandwhenit'stimetowakeup.Scientiststrackthisclockby

measuringtheamountofmelatonin（褪黑激素）circulatinginaperson,sbloodat

anygiventime.

Inahealthysleeper,melatoninlevelsriseafewhoursbeforebedtime,

stayhighthroughthenight,andthensettlebackdownwhenit'stimetowake

up.

Inourmodernsociety,however,mostofusstayupmanyhourspastsunset

andwouldprobablysleepinmanyhoursaftersunriseifwecould.Andthe

troubleisthatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclock

goesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofaligue.Itmayalsohaveotherhealth

consequencesaswell,suchasdiabetes（糖尿病），overweightandheartdisease.

ProfessorKennethP.WrightJr.oftheUniversityofColoradointheUS

wantedtoseeifourbodyclockscanberesetbyashortstayinnature.His

teamrecruited（招募）fourteenphysicallyactivevolunteersintheir20sand30s.

Ninewentonaweekendcampingtrip,whiletheotherfivestayedhome.Atthe

endoftheweekend,theresearchersreportedthatinjusttwodays,thecampers?

bodyclocksshiftedsothattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethanan

hourearlierthantheydidbeforetheywentonthetrip.Bycontrast,thebody

clocksofthegroupthatstayedhomeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseofthe

weekend.

“Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast,，zWrightsaid.

Therefore,ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincrease

yourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountof

artificiallightyouseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn,twork,thereJsalways

camping.

8.WhatistheauthorJsmainpurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowalackofsleepisbadforourhealth.

B.Toinformusofapossiblewaytoadjustthebodyclock.

C.Toanalyzehowthebodyclockinfluencesoursleepinghabits.

D.Toexplorehowthebodyclockisconnectedwithmelatoninlevels.

9.Theunderlinedword〃fatigue〃inParagraph4probablymeans〃〃.

A.tirednessB.excitementC.refreshmentD.pressure

10.WhatdidWrightJsteamdiscoverfromtheirexperiment?

A.Thebodyclocksofthetwogroupsdidn'tshowmuchdifference.

B.Thebodyclocksofthosewhostayedathomeremainedthesame.

C.Thosestayingoutdoorsresettheclockinsidetheirbodiesoverashort

period.

D.Changestothebodyclockdon,tnecessarilyaffectmelatonin

levelsinourbodies.

11.Accordingtothepassage,tochangeoursleepinghabits,we,d

better.

A.setanalarmclocktowakeusupontimeinthemorning

B.trytoreducemelatoninlevelsasmuchaspossibleatnight

C.spendseveralweeksstayingintheopenaireverynowandthen

D.getexposedtomorenaturallightinthedaybutlessartificiallightat

night

Tea,themosttypicalEnglishdrink,becameestablishedinBritainbecause

oftheinfluenceofaforeignprincess,CatherineofBraganza,thequeenof

CharlesII.AsaloverofteasinceherchildhoodinPortugal,shebroughttea­

drinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthebeverageinthe

17thcentury.Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobilitytothe

middleclasses,andteabecameapopulardrinkattheLondoncoffeehouseswhere

peoplemettodobusinessanddiscusseventsoftheday.Manyemployersserveda

cupofteatotheirworkersinthemiddleofthemorning,thusinventinga

lastingBritishinstitution,thezzteabreakzz.However,drinkingteainsocial

settingsoutsidetheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritish

people.Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell.

Around1800,theseventhDuchessofBedford,AnnaMariaRussell,beganthe

popularpracticeof"afternoontea”,aceremonytakingplaceataboutfour

o'clock.Untilthen,peopledidnotusuallyeatordrinkanythingbetweenlunch

anddinner.Atapproximatelythesametime,theEarlofSandwichpopularizeda

newwayofeatingbread-inthinslices,withsomethinglikejamorcucumbers

betweenthem.Beforelong,asmallmealattheendoftheafternoon,involvingtea

andsandwiches,becamepartoftheBritishwayoflife.

Asteabecamemuchcheaperduringthe19thcentury,itspopularityspreadright

throughallcornersoftheBritishsociety.Thus,teabecameBritain'sfavorite

drink.Inworking-classhouseholds,itwasservedwiththemainmealofthe

day,eatenwhenworkersreturnedhomeafteraday'slabor.Thismealhasbecome

knownas〃hightea，z.Today,teacanbedrunkatanytimeoftheday,andaccounts

forovertwo-fifthsofalldrinksconsumedinBritain-withtheexceptionof

water.

12.Whatismainlydiscussedaboutteainthetext?

B.Itstraditionalwaysof

A.ItsdevelopmentinBritain.

drinking.

C.Itsinfluencearoundtheworld.D.ItspopularityinEurope.

13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords/"thebeverage，zprobablyreferto?

A.Teadrinking.B.Asmallmeal.

C.Awayofeatingbread.D.Achoiceofdrinks.

14.WhywasteaunabletobeacceptedasacommondrinkinBritaininthe17th

century?

A.ItwasmerelyservedinLondon.

B.Itwastaxedasanalcoholicdrink.

C.Itwasforbiddeninbusinesssettings.

D.Itwastooexpensiveformostpeople.

15.Howisthetextorganized?

A.Bycauseandeffect.B.Bycomparison.

C.Intimeorder.D.Infrequencyorder.

评卷人得分

------------------二、七选五（共5题，每题2分，共10分）

Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder?Astudyin2018found

thatpeoplegenerallybecomehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.In

fact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethan

theywereat18.

ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceat

StonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsof

stresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.16

Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheir

early70s.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswere

thoseintheir70sand80s.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhave

similaremotionalpatternsastheygrowolder.17

Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoung

children,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslike

thesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage.

18Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankful

forwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospend

lesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.

19Inanotherstudy,peopleintheir80sreportedthefewestproblems

withthequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopular

beliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.20Butexcept

forthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedasthey

gotolder.

A.Sowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?

B.Researcherssurveyedmorethan150,000Americanadults.

C.Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheagesof18and85.

D.Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50s.

E.Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.

F.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.

G.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.

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------------------三、完形填空（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）

ThemountainswhereIlivearefulloftwistingroads.Iwas21downone

ofthoseroadslastspring.Itfelt22becauseofdaysofrain.While

roundingabendIsawthatthe23soilhadreleasedatreeonthehillby

theroad.It24mywaynow.Ihitthe25andslowlypassedit.ThenI

26.Amotoristwhocouldenjoyahigherspeedthanmewouldbecomea27of

acaraccident.Itwasonlyamatteroftime28thathappened.

Istoppedandgotoutto29thetreebutitwastoobigandheavy.Just

atthattime,awhitepickuptruck30.Outsteppedayoungman."Youneeda

31?〃heasked.Isaid,〃Yes,asaw（锯）！〃Hetookoneoutofhistruck.Then

hecutthetreeinto32pieceswhileIcarriedthemaway."Youhardlyknow

whenyouwillneedasaw,“I33whenmynewfriendsmiledandwentintothe

truck.Iwatchedhim34beforecontinuingmyway.

35thatIwasabletohelppreventa36,Ifelthappyonthewayhome.

Inlifeyou37knowwhenyou'11needasaw.Youdoknow,however,when

you,11needaloving38.Andthatiseveryminuteofeveryday.Be39,

willing,andabletomakethisworldasaferandmorelovingplace.Fillyour

dayswithcountless40oflove.

2LA.joggingB.wanderingC.drivingD.living

22.A.strangeB.abnormalC.dampD.lifeless

23・A.hardenedB.weakenedC.poorD.sandy

24•A.narrowedB.blockedC.brokeD.changed

25.A.roadB.treeC.hillD.brake

26.A.acceleratedB.hesitatedC.turnedD.stopped

27.A.makerB.witnessC.survivorD.victim

28・A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.since

2%A.cutB.raiseC.carryD.drag

30-A.pulledoutB.pulledoverC.pulledbackD.pulleddown

3LA.toolB.helperC.vehicleD.guide

32.A.availableB.usableC.movableD.adjustable

33•A.warnedB.complainedC.jokedD.responded

34,A.workB.departC.laughD.approach

35・A.RealizingB.FancyingC.WonderingD.Hoping

A.conflictB.crashC.damageD.loss

A.sureB.stillC.neverD.just

38・A.comfortB.alternativeC.greetingD.heart

39•A.positiveB.enthusiasticC.gratefulD.ready

A.momentsB.opportunitiesC.expressionsD.feelings

第II卷（非选择题）

请点击修改第II卷的文字说明

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------------------四、语法填空（共10题，每题L5分，共15分）

ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople's

dailylife.41theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.For

example,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop42(help)itgrow”,isbasedon

thefollowingstory.

Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)was

veryanxioustohelp43ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout

44dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.

Oneday,hecameupwithanidea45hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafew

inches.Hedidsothenextday.

Hewasverytired46doingthisforawholeday,47hefeltvery

happysincethecropdid"grow"48(high).

Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesof

thecropbegantowither.

Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir49(nature)

course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften50(result)inthe

contrarytoourintention.

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------------------五、短文改错（共1题，每题10分，共10分）

51.Thepupilispreparingtheexamwhilehismotherispreparingsupper.

评卷人得分

------------------六、书面表达（共1题，每题25分，共25分）

52.假定你是李华，乘坐FL753航班抵达伦敦后发现钱包遗失。请给航空公司写一封邮件说

明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括：

1.行程信息；

2.钱包特征；

3.联系方式。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案

1.A

【解析】考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的"Diveintoscienceduringthis

fun,colorful,andexcitingclass〃及第二段中的〃astheyhavefunwithscience〃可

知，这个课程旨在通过有趣的方式激发孩子们对科学的兴趣，引导他们了解科学知识，故选Ao

2.D

【解析】考查理解具体信息的能力。根据文中的〃WhattoBring/Wear:layeredclothing,

shoesthatcoverthetoes,andanindividualsnack〃可知，参加该课程的学生应该穿

不露脚趾的鞋,故选Do

3.D

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了以〃MadScientist〃为主题

的科学课程的相关信息，如时间、地点、费用、注意事项等，故本文是一则课程广告。

【备注】

文章主要介绍了一个科学课程的时间、收费、报名须知、上课地点等信息。

4.D

【解析】考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的〃Butnewresearchprovides

evidencethattheareahadarainforestinthepast”和第二段中的〃The

researcherscollectedapieceofEarthsediment（沉淀物）fromundertheseafloor

offthecoastofAntarctica.Inthesediment,theydiscoveredforestmaterial

thatwasestimatedtobeabout90millionyearsold”可知，研究人员从南极洲海岸的

海床下收集到沉淀物,经过对该沉淀物的分析和研究得出结论。故答案为Do

5.B

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据第二段可知,该沉淀物中含有森林物质；再根据第三段

中的〃Klagessaidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialdidn'tforminthe

ocean〃可知，该物质不是在海洋中形成的。再结合第四段中的“Thesoilincludedfine

dirtparticles（颗粒）...floweringplants〃可知，沉淀物是在南极洲的陆地上形成的。

故答案为B。

6.C

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据最后一段中的“Thesoilinthesedimentdates

backtotheplanet*swarmestperiodofthepast140millionyears...noice

sheetswerepresentduringthetime,butseasonalsnowfallwaslikely〃可推知，南

极洲的自然环境发生了很大的变化。故答案为C。

7.C

【解析】考查理解主旨要义的能力。第一段是文章的主题段，介绍新的研究证明南极洲过去

曾被雨林覆盖,其余段落均围绕该主题展开，由此可知,本文主要讲述的是南极洲曾经的气候

跟现在的有很大不同。故答案为C。

【备注】

【语篇类型】说明文

【主题语境】人与自然一一自然环境

【文章大意】今天我们都知道南极洲被冰雪覆盖，气候非常恶劣。但是新研究证实该地区在

过去有很大不同。

8.B

【解析】考查目的意图。通读全文可知，第一段第三句"Anewstudysuggeststhat

campinginthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclock

andhelpyougetmoresleep”为文章主旨句，据此可知，本文旨在告诉人们，野外宿营几天

可以调整人们的生物钟,让人们获得更多的睡眠，故B项正确。

9.A

【解析】考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Areyousickofgoingtobedlateand

wakinguptired”及第四段第二句"Andthetroubleisthatyourmelatoninlevels

maystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadsto

fatigue”可知,早晨当你的闹钟响时，你体内的褪黑激素水平可能还是很高,这会导致疲劳，

故画线词意为"疲劳

10.C

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第六段的"Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast"

可知,实验结果表明，在自然环境中人体的生物钟能快速恢复。故C项正确。

11.D

【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"ifyouwanttochangeyoursleep

patternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthe

dayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight”可知，如果要改

变睡眠模式,可以通过白天多接触自然光、晚上避免接触人工光源的方式来实现,故D项正

确。

【备注】本文是一篇科普说明文。生物钟的作用原理与褪黑激素在人体中的水平变化相关。

现代社会中人们不按时作息常常导致褪黑激素水平在早晨时还很高,导致疲劳,甚至是糖尿

病、肥胖和心脏病等。研究发现野外宿营可以让作息不规律的人们的生物钟恢复正常。

【段意梳理】

第一段:开门见山，给出全文话题一一野外宿营几天可以调整人的生物钟，让人们获得

更多的睡眠。

第二段:生物钟的定义和其与褪黑激素的关系。

第三段:健康的睡眠过程中褪黑激素水平的变化情况。

第四段:现代社会中人们不按时作息常常导致褪黑激素水平在早晨时还很高，导致疲劳等。

第五段:为了证明生物钟可以在自然环境中快速恢复,KennethP.WrightJr.教授做了一个

实验。

第六段:实验结果表明，在自然环境中人体的生物钟能快速恢复。

第七段:结论和建议一一如果想要改善睡眠,可以在白天多接触自然光,在晚上避免接触人工

光源。如果无效，可以野外宿营。

【难句分析】Andthetroubleisthatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehigh

whenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofatigue.

分析:这是一个复合句。句中thatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhen

youralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning为表语从句；句中whichleadstofatigue

为which引导的非限制性定语从句。

译文:麻烦的是,早晨当你的闹钟响时,你体内的褪黑激素水平还是很高,这会导致疲劳。

【背景知识】褪黑素是一种诱导自然睡眠的激素。人体内褪黑素的分泌是有昼夜节律的。

夜幕降临后,光刺激减弱,合成褪黑素的酶类活性增强,体内褪黑素的分泌水平也相应增高。

12.A

【解析】考查主旨大意。从文章第一段的"inthe17thcentury\第二段的"Around

1800”及第三段的"duringthe19thcentury"可知，本文主要介绍了茶在英国的发展。故选

A项。

13.A

【解析】考查词义猜测。从文中的"shebroughttea-drinkingtotheEnglishroyal

courtandsetatrendforthebeverage”可知，她把喝茶的习惯带到了英国皇室并开启

了英国人喝茶的潮流,故选A运厂

14.D

【解析】考查细节理解。从文章第一段的"However,drinkingteainsocialsettings

outsidetheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritishpeople.

Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell”可知，17世纪，在英国茶不

能作为一种普遍的饮料的原因是对大多数英国人来说,它的价格高并被征税。故选D项。

【干扰项分析】A项错在"merely”,文中未提及;B项错在"alcoholic”,文中并未提及;C项

错在"forbiddeninbusinesssettings”,与文章第一段的内容不符。

15.C

【解析】考查细节理解。从文章第一段的"inthe17thcentury”、第二段的"Around

1800”及第三段的"duringthe19thcentury”可知，文章是按照时间顺序来组织的。故选C

项。

【备注】本文介绍了茶在英国的发展历史及其受欢迎的原因。

【段意梳理】

第一段：介绍茶被查理二世的王后CatherineofBraganza引入皇室。

第二段:大约在19世纪,AnnaMariaRussell开启了英国人“下午茶”的习惯。

第三段:在19世纪期间，随着茶价的降低,茶已经深入到英国的社会生活中。

【背景知识】英国人将下午茶发展为一种既定习俗的文化方式。当时,一位葡萄牙公主和英

国国王查理二世结婚,公主把葡萄牙的饮茶习惯带到英国。19世纪时,英国上流社会社交晚

餐一直到晚上八点左右才开始，人们便习惯在下午四点左右吃些点心、喝杯茶。很快，下午

茶便在英国上流社会流行起来。英国人最喜欢的下午茶时间，多集中在下午3点到5点半之

间,在优雅的氛围里往往可以让人们感受到心灵的祥和与家庭式的温暖,从而缓解一天的疲

劳。

16.D

【解析】根据空前一句中的"levelsofstress”可推知，该空应是进一步陈述压力水平和年

龄之间的关系,故D项与此处匹配。

17.G

【解析】根据空前一句中的"menandwomenhavesimilaremotionalpatterns”可知，男

性和女性有类似的情感模式，由此可推知,空处应是接着陈述男性和女性的情感模式的相似

之处或差异性,又结合选项可知,G项与此处匹配。

18.A

【解析】根据空后的“Onetheoryisthat"和语境可推知，该空应是一个问句，又结合本段

分析的是幸福随着人们年龄的增长而增长的原因可推知,A项符合语境。

19.E

【解析】本段主要表述睡眠质量随着人们年龄的增长而有所提高,又空处所在位置承上启下,

上段叙述幸福与年龄之间的关系,故E项与此处匹配。

20.F

【解析】根据本段中的〃Inanotherstudy〃并结合空处前后句表述的年龄增长与睡眠问题

的关系可推知,F项符合语境。

【备注】

本文是一篇说明文，随着年龄的增长,人们是变得更幸福还是不那么幸福了呢?2018年的一

项研究发现,通常人们在50岁之后,会变得更幸福且体会到较少的忧虑。

21.C

【解析】根据下文的"Amotoristwhocouldenjoyahigherspeedthanme"〃Istopped

andgotout”可知，作者驱车(driving)走这其中一条弯弯曲曲的山路。

22.C

【解析】根据下文的〃becauseofdaysofrain〃和常识可推断出，此处表示因为连日下雨，

这条路让人感到潮乎乎的(damp)oabnormal〃反常的〃；lifeless〃无生命的,缺乏生气的〃。

23.B

【解析】根据上文的〃daysofrain〃和下文的"soilhadreleasedatreeonthehill

bytheroad〃可知，下雨使得土壤松动，导致山上的一棵树倒在了路边。weaken在这里表

示〃(使)松动〃，符合语境。

24.A

【解析】根据下文的"slowlypassedit”可知，倒了的树让车道变窄(narrowed)了。block”

堵住，阻塞〃;break〃打破〃。

25.D

【解析】根据下文的〃slowlypassedit〃可知，作者踩了刹车(brake),然后缓慢地驶过了这

棵倒下的树。

26.B

【解析】根据下文提到的作者停车挪树的内容可知，此处表示作者驶过这棵树后(对于是否

开车离开)犹豫(hesitated)了。accelerate"加速

27.D

【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示车速比作者快的司机将会成为汽车事故的受害者(victim)。

mak6r〃制造者〃;witness”见证者〃；survivor”幸存者〃。

28.A

【解析】汽车事故的发生只是时间问题。此处before表示〃在……之前〃，符