外研版英语必修三讲义Module5GreatPeople2SectionⅡIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-LanguagePointsWord版含答案

SectionⅡIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—LanguagePointsequaladj.平等的；相当的；胜任的 v．等于；比得上 n．和自己相当的人或物(教材P41)Allhumanbeingsareequal.人人平等。(1)equalsb./sth.(in...) (在……方面)比得上， 与……匹敌；与……相等(2)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于；胜任(3)without(an)equal 无人可比的(4)equallyadv. 同样地；相等地equalityn. 相等；平等①MenandwomenhaveequalrightsinChina.在中国，男女拥有平等的权利。②Fourplusfourequalseight.四加四等于八。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Thehappinessyoufeelisequaltotheloveyougive.②HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.Thatis,nooneelseequalshiminpainting.③a.Blackpeoplehadtofightforsocialandeconomicequality(equal)withwhites.b．(福建卷)Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe__equally(equal)respected.[链接写作]——完成句子④Heisnotequaltothejob/position(胜任工作)andwe’dbettergetsomeoneelsetodoit.beatwarwith和……处于战争状态(教材P43)AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。(1)declarewaron... 对……宣战(2)“at＋n.”构成短语，表示“处于……状态”。atpeace处于和平状态；atrest在休息；atplay在游戏；atwork在工作；attable/dinner在吃饭；atlunch在吃午饭；atschool在上学①Thetwocountrieshavebeenatwarformanyyears.Peopletherearesufferingalot.两国交战多年，那里的人民苦难深重。②(牛津词典)Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighborfortwoyears.这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。[链接写作]——完成句子①1941年德国和意大利对美国宣战。GermanyandItalydeclaredwarontheUSAin1941.②那两个国家过去曾处于交战状态，但现在它们已经和平共处了。Thetwocountriesusedtobeatwar,butnowtheyareatpeace．③孩子们在做游戏，而他们的父母在吃午饭。Thechildrenwereatplaywhiletheirparentswereatlunch．stressvt.强调；施压于；使紧张n．强调；压力(教材P43)Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他强调仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(1)lay/put/placestressonsth. 强调/重视某事understress 在压力下underthestressof 为……所迫(2)stresstheimportanceof... 强调……的重要性(3)stressfuladj. 压力大的；紧张的①(浙江卷)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressistotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。②Theroofcouldn’tbearthestressofthesnow.屋顶承受不了积雪的压力。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstress.②Welayspecialstressondevelopinggoodneighbourlyrelationswithnearbycountries.③Shefindshernewjobverystressful(stress)butshewillnevergiveitup.[链接写作]——一句多译老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。(stress)④Teachersoftenstresstheimportanceofdiligenceintheapproachtosuccess.⑤Teachersoftenlay/putstressondiligenceintheapproachtosuccess.ordern．秩序，次序；命令；订购；订单v．命令，指令；订购(教材P43)Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他强调仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(1)ordersb.todosth. 命令某人做某事orderthat...(should)＋动词原形 命令……(2)inorder 井然有序；适宜的outoforder 紊乱的；出故障的inorderof 按……的顺序(3)placeanorderforsth.with(sb.)和(某人)订购某物Theywereorderedoutoftheclassforfighting.他们因打架被勒令退出课堂。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①a．(北京卷)Tocatchtheearlyflight，weordered(order)ataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.b．(2016·北京卷)Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.②Allthethingsintheroomwereoutoforder，butshequicklyputtheminorder.③I’dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourpanyintheingweek.[链接写作]——一句多译老人命令那位粗鲁的人立刻出去。④Theoldmanorderedtherudemantogooutatonce.(简单句)⑤Theoldmanorderedthattherudeman(should)gooutatonce.(复合句)order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用should＋do或省略should。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。eq\a\vs4\al(,,,bringup教育，抚养（孩子）；提出（议题等）；呕吐)(教材P43)Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.他幼年丧父，由母亲抚养长大。[一词多义]——写出下列句中bringup的含义①(朗文辞典)Whydidyouhavetobringupthesubjectofmoney？提出②(朗文辞典)Allofourkidswerebroughtuptorespectotherpeople.教育③Theboy,thoughbroughtupinthecountryside,hasastronginterestinthecolorfulcitylife.养育bringabout 引起，导致bringback 归还；带回；(事物)使记起bringdown 使倒下；降低bringin 吸引；引进；赚得[即学即练]——单句语法填空④Theeconomicreformbroughtaboutgreatchangeinthelivesofthemonpeople.⑤(陕西卷)Parentswhohelptheirchildrenwithhomeworkmayactuallybebringingdowntheirschoolgrades.⑥Pleasebringbackthebookyouborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(教材P43)Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。句中“thereasonwhy...isthat...”意为“……的原因是……”。其中why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句。(1)reason的相关搭配及句型：for...reason 由于……原因thereasonfor(doing)sth. (做)某事的原因Thereasonfor(doing)sth.is/wasthat... (做)某事的原因是……(2)That/Thisisbecause... 这是因为……(表语从句表示原因)(3)That/Thisiswhy... 这就是……的原因(表语从句表示结果)①Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatheslepttoolatelastnight.他迟到的原因是昨晚睡得太晚了。②Thereasonwhyyoucangetthefirstplaceisthatyouhavebeenworkinghardthisterm.你能得第一名的原因是这学期你一直在努力学习。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①a.ThereasonwhyhefailedtheEnglishexamwasthathedidn’tlearnitwell.b．Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedtomeabouthisfailurewasthathehadn’tmadefullpreparations.②Whenaskedaboutthereasonforwinningthepetition,heowedhissuccesstohismother.③a.Sorry，wearelate.That’sbecausewewereheldupinthetrafficjam.b．Wewereheldupinthetrafficjamandthat’swhywearelate.thereason后定语从句的引导词用why/forwhich还是用that/which，取决于其在定语从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；缺少状语用why或forwhich。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填词1．Oureducationsystemshouldprovideequal(平等的)opportunitiesforallchildren.2．Asforcheatingintheexams,Iwilltellthemtheimportance(重要)ofhonesty.3．Heordered(命令)ustoleaveatonce,butnobodyfollowedit.4．Whetherornotyou’regivenacardependsonyourposition(地位)inthepany.5．Janet’sbeenunderalotofstress(压力)sincehermother’sillness.6．DavidBowie,aBritain’sveryinfluential(有影响的)singer,diedin2016,atage69afteralongbattlewithcancer.7．Everyonepresentatthemeetingagreedtosticktotheprinciple(原则)thateveryoneshouldbetreatedfairly.8．Manyoldpeoplestillhavethebelief(信念)thatboysarebetterthangirls.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单句改错1．Aboutonefifthofthefreshmensaidthattheybroughtupinsmalltowns.在brought前加were2．ThereasonwhyIdidn’tattendhisweddingwasbecauseIhadn’treceivedhisinvitation.because→that3．Hehadtoobeytheorderthathefinishedthesecrettaskaheadoftime.finished→finish4．TherewasatimewhichIhatedtogotoschool.which→when5．ThewaywhatwasusedtosolvetheproblemwasbroughtupbyTom.what→that/whicheq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)课文语法填空AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoften1.atwarwitheachother.Therewerethree2.greatest(great)philosophers:Confucius,MenciusandMozi.Confucius,3.whowasbornin551BCanddiedin479BC,4.stressed(stress)theimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.Chinesesociety5.was__influenced(influence)bytheseideasforover2，000years.Mencius’steachingsweresimilarto6.thoseofConfucius.Hebelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsis7.thatmanisgood.Moziwasalsoaninfluentialphilosopher.Mozibelievedthatallmenwere8.equal(equally).9.Differing/Different(differ)fromConfucius,hetaughtthatweshouldloveallhumanbeingsandlookafterthosewhoare10.weaker(weak)thanourselves.MozifoundedMohism.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Theyarefightingfortheequalityofwomen,becausetheythinktheyshouldbetreatedequally．(equal)2．(2019·重庆育才高一月考)Thewaythat/whichhetolduswasquitesimpletoworkouttheproblem.3．I’dliketotaketheopportunitytoputstressontheimportanceofeducation.4．Themanagerorderedthattheproject(should)befinished(finish)beforeFriday.5．(2019·湖北黄冈高一期中)Thereasonthat/whichshegaveforbeingabsentfromclasswasthattheheavysnowpreventedhering.6．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbeatwarwitheachother?7．Asweallknow,Confuciusisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)philosophersinChina.8．Thetwinswereseparatedatbirthandbroughtupinentirelydifferentenvironments.9．Itwasatimewhenallthechildrenwereexpectedtostudyhard.10．TomissimilarinheighttoPeterthoughtheyareofdifferentages.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)阅读理解AYoumaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople,buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches，inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgottenexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration(启迪)．•MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustinAndnowyou’veacplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps.Youmustalsomittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou’vebeenblessed(赐予)withandgo.•,HarvardUniversityHalfmylifetimeago,Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich.ButwhatIfearedmostformyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty(贫穷),butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure.Youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.•SteveJobs,StanfordUniversitySometimeslife’sgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking,anddon’tsettle.•BillGates,HarvardUniversityWeneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments,butforuniversities,smallerorganizations,andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.【解题导语】你可能熟悉这几位名人，但你有没有听说过他们的毕业演讲？他们要么分享了他们难忘的经历，要么给了你很大的灵感(启迪)。1．WhatMichaelDellsaidistourgeusto________．A．listentoourheart B．pursueourdreamsC．followothers’example D．learnfromourmistakesB解析：推理判断题。根据文章小标题MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustin下第一、二句话中的．..andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps.可知，是时候迈出下一步了，不要让任何事情阻止你迈出第一步。由此可推断出是在鼓励我们坚持追逐梦想。故正确答案为B。2．WhatdidJ．K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity?A．Poverty. B．Hunger.C．Failure. D．Appearance.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章小标题J．K.Rowling,HarvardUniversity下的第二句ButwhatIfearedmostformyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty(贫穷),butfailure.可知，J.K.Rowling最担心的不是贫穷，而是失败。故正确答案为C。3．Whowantstoexpress“Keeplookingforwhatyoubelievein”？A．MichaelDell. B．J.K.Rowling.C．BillGates. D．SteveJobs.D解析：细节理解题。根据小标题SteveJobs,StanfordUniversity下的第三句话中的andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork和最后一句话Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking,anddon’tsettle.可知，唯一让自己得到真正满足的方法是做一项你相信的伟大的工作。如果你还没找到它，请继续寻找，不要停下。故正确答案为D。4．WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledo?A．Makecontributionstotheenvironment.B．Takeresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.C．Makejointeffortstoridsomeglobalproblems.D．Masterasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章小标题BillGates,HarvardUniversity下的第一、二句话Weneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother...seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty...可知，我们需要尽可能多的人接触到高科技，引发一场人们为彼此所做的革命，从而解决一些世界的不平等问题。故正确答案为C。B“Thisisn’tDisneyland,I’mnotanovelty.Thisisasrealasitgets，”singTheSistersofInvention.Theyoungwomen—Annika,Michelle,Jackie,AimeeandCaroline—areapopgroupwithadifference.Allhavelearningdifficultiesandsomehaveextradisabilities.ThefivearebasedinAdelaide,Australia,andmetin2010whentheysangtogetherinachoir(合唱队)runbyTutti,anorganizationwhichsupportsdisabledartists.Tuttisawtheyhadtalentandinvitedthemtoformagroup.Nowtheyperformtogethertwoorthreetimespermonth,andthisishowtheymakealiving.Michelleis25andhascerebralpalsy(脑瘫)andamildlearningdisability.Shesays，“WechoosethenameTheSistersofInventionbecausewearelikesistersandwesupporteachotheronandoffstage.Fortheinventionpart,wearetryingtochangepeople’sviewofpeoplewithdisabilities.Wearereinventingtherules.”Alltheirsongsarebasedonthemembers’ownexperiencesandwerewrittenasagroupintheirtwiceweeklymeetingsatTutti.“WewouldarriveinthemorningandI’dsay,‘Whatdoyouwanttotalkabouttoday？’”saystheirmanagerandproducerMichaelRoss.Hethennoteddowneverythingtheysaiduntillyricstookshape.Rosssaysthatputting“theirtruth”outthereisimportant.Hesays，“WhatI’minterestedinisthatwegettoseetheworldinawaythatpeopleinpopculturealmostnevergettosee.Itiscreativegold.”Whentheyperformtheirsongs,thephysicalsideoftheirdisabilitiesismoreobvious,butRosssays，“They’renotuptheretoshowtheirbarriersordifficulties.They’reuptheretoshowtheirstrengths.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。五个有学习障碍的女孩组成了一支乐队，她们通过演出向人们展现自己的力量。5．WhatdoweknowaboutTheSistersofInvention?A．Allitsmembersaredisabled.B．Itwasfoundedallbyfivegirls.C．Ithasexistedforlessthantenyears.D．Theyperformnotinordertomakemoney.A解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“Allhavelearningdifficultiesandsomehaveextradisabilities.”可知，五个女孩都有学习障碍，有的还有别的残疾。6．ThegirlschoosethenameTheSistersofInventionbecause________．A．theyallhavegreattalentB．theyhelpeachotherlikesistersC．theyhavethesameexperiencesD．theyaregoodatinventingthingsB解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“...becausewearelikesistersandwesupporteachotheronandoffstage”可知，之所以给乐队起这个名字是因为五个成员亲如姐妹，互相支持。7．HowdoesMichaelRossproducelyricsforTheSistersofInvention?A．Bytalkingwiththegirls.B．Byaskingthegirlsquestions.C．Bylearningaboutpopculture.D．Byusinghispersonalexperiences.A解析：推理判断题。由第五段可知，制作人通过跟五个姐妹聊天，很自然地写出歌词。8．HowdoaudiencesprobablyfeelwatchingtheperformancesofTheSistersofInvention?A．Theywillfeelbored.B．Theywillbeinspired.C．Theywillfeeldisappointed.D．Theywillhavepityonthem.B解析：推理判断题。分析最后一段可知，尽管五个姐妹在演出时残疾暴露得更明显，但她们意在向人们展现自己的力量。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)七选五HowtoMakeaGoodFirstImpressionHaveyouevermetsomeoneandwalkedawaywith“fool”or“loser”inmind?Areyouafraidofbeingthatsomeoneandhavingothersnotlikeorunderstandyou?Happily,youcangetridoftheseworriesandfearsbylearningsomeeffectiveskillsonhowtomakeagreatandlastingfirstimpression.Let’sgetstarted.Talkaboutyourinterestsandhobbies.1.________．Itisalwaysagreatconversationstarter!Askiftheylikeaspecif