山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题

2023—2024学年度第一学期期中考试高一英语试题（A）2023.11注意事项：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhereisMarygoing?A.ToEmily’shouse. B.Toarestaurant. C.Toalibrary.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gethishaircut. B.Mailaletter. C.Gotoschool.3.Whatmadethewomanbuytheskirt?A.Itscolor. B.Itsstyle. C.Itsmaterial.4.Howmuchchangeshouldthewomangivetheman?A.20yuan. B.30yuan. C.50yuan.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?A.Moving. B.Confusing. C.Interesting.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomancometoseetheman?A.Tocheckhisbag. B.Topickhimup. C.Toreturnhiscase.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Atanairport. C.Inahotel.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Stormy. B.Sunny. C.Cloudy.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Getinthecar. B.Walkbackhome. C.Closethewindows.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthewomanannoyedwiththeman?A.Heleavesthebabycrying.B.Heallowsthebabytosmoke.C.Heplaysrockmusicforthebaby.11.Whatisthemangoingtodointheend?A.Singalongwithmusic.B.ReadaboutBeethoven.C.Putonclassicalmusic.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Husbandandwife. C.Teacherandstudent.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.14.Howoftendoesthemandrivehiscar?A.Almosteveryday. B.Onceaweek. C.Onceamonth.15.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodowhilecycling?A.Keephimselfwarm. B.Followthetrafficlights. C.Havehisheadprotected.16.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toasportsshop. B.Toatrainstation. C.Tothewoman’soffice.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakertryingtodo?A.Attractcustomers. B.Givedirections. C.Offeradvice.18.WhereisJackson’sStore?A.Nexttoapark.B.Inasmallbuilding.C.DowntownonThirdStreet.19.WhoaretheT-shirtsandpantsatJackson’sStorefor?A.Women. B.Children. C.Men.20.WhydoesthespeakersuggestgoingtoJackson’sStoretoday?A.Thereisabigsale.B.Therearefreeshorts.C.Therearenicenewshoes.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AItwasacoldJanuarymorninginWashingtonDC,amansatatasubwaystationandstartedtoplaytheviolin.Heplayedforabout45minutes.Threeminuteswentby,andamiddle-agedmanstoppedforafewseconds,andthenhurrieduptotakecareofhisownthings.Aminutelater,theviolinistreceivedhisfirsttip:awomanthrewsomemoneywithoutstopping,andwalkedaway.Onlya3-year-oldboytookthemusicseriously,goingover,sittingdownandsoonlosinghimselfinthewonderfulperformance.Hismotherwishedtohurryalong,butthekidkeptlookingattheviolinist.Whenhefinishedplaying,noonenoticedit.Nooneapplauded(鼓掌).Nooneknewthis,buttheviolinistwasJoshuaBell,oneofthemosttalentedmusiciansintheworld.Hehadjustplayedoneofthemostbeautifulpieceseverwritten,onaviolinworth3.5milliondollars.JoshuaBellplayedthesamemusicwiththesameviolinandtheseatseachcost100dollarsatatheatretwodaysbefore.JoshuaBell’splayinginthesubwaystationwasasocialexperiment.Itasksquestions:inacommonenvironmentatawronghour,doweenjoybeauty?Dowestoptomakearesponse(反应)?Ifwedonothaveamomenttostopandlistentooneofthebestmusiciansintheworldplayingthebestmusic,howmanyotherthingsareweignoring(忽视)?21.Howmanypeoplestoppedtolistentothemusiccarefully?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.None.22.Whydidthemanplaytheviolinatthesubwaystation?A.Tomakesomemoney.B.Toseepeople’sresponse.C.Topracticehisskills.D.Toteachamusiclesson.23.Whatdoesthewritersuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Don’tbealwaysinahurry.B.Stoptoenjoystreetperformance.C.Enjoybeautifulmusicatatheatre.D.Don’tmissthewonderfulmomentinlife.BWhensomepeopledon’tknowmuchaboutatopic,theymaynotrealisejusthowlittletheyknow.Asaresult,theymaybecomeoverconfidentandoverestimate(高估)whattheycando.ApersonmightthinkhewillgetaB,forexample,whenhemightnotknowenoughtopassthetestatall.Theoverconfidencehasaname—theDunningKrugereffect.CharlesAtwood,aneducatorattheUniversityofUtah,waslookingforpossiblereasonswhysomestudentsattheuniversityfailedchemistrytests.Herealisedsuccessforthestudentsdependednotonlyonwhattheyknewbutalsoonhowmuchtheydidn’tknow.Ifhewantedthestudentstoimprove,hewouldhavetoteachthemtorecognisethegapsintheirknowledge.Knowingjusthowbadtheyareinasubjectmaynothelpastudentgetbetter.Atwoodthoughtliftingmetacognition(元认知)mighthelpthestudentstomakesurewheretheyneededhelp.Metacognition,accordingtoAtwood,isassessing(评定)howyoudealwithaproblem.Thatcouldhelpthestudentsrealisejusthowmuchchemistrytheydidn’tknowsotheycouldstudyaccordingly.Toseeifmetacognitioncouldwork,Atwoodstudiedtwoclasses,whichweretaughtchemistryinthesameway.Butstudentsinoneclasswereaskedbeforeeachtesthowtheythoughttheywouldperform(表现).Aftereachtest,studentsintheclassgottheirscoresthroughacomputerprogram.Thentheprogramgavethemsometopicswhichthey’dbeenespeciallybadatinthetest.Then,theywereguidedintomakingastudyplanthatwouldpreparethemforthenexttest.Afteraterm,theclassthatgottheguidedstudydidbetterinthechemistrycourse,especiallythosewhohadbeenthemostoverconfidentinthebeginning.Inaddition,theyreportedhavingstoppedtheirdangerousoverconfidence.It’snofunshakingstudents’confidence,butinthelongrun,studentswillgetalotfromAtwood’smethod.Confidencehasitsadvantages,butstudentswanttobebothconfidentandknowledgeable.24.WhyaresomepeopleaffectedbytheDunning-Krugereffect?A.Theylookdownuponothers.B.Theyaren’tinterestedinlearning.C.Theyalwayswanttogetgoodgradesintests.D.Theydon’thaveacorrectviewoftheirabilities.25.HowdidAtwoodhelpthestudentswhofailedchemistrytests?A.Bygivingthemencouragement.B.Bytellingthemwhattopicstolearn.C.Byhelpingthemsetrightlearninggoals.D.Bymakingthemlearnfromtheirfailures.26.WhenweresometopicsgiventothestudentsinAtwood’sstudy?A.Afterthenextteststarted. B.Beforetheygottheirscores.C.Beforetheymadeastudyplan. D.Aftertheymadesomeprogress.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAtwood’sapplyingmetacognitiontohisstudy?A.Supportive. B.Uninterested. C.Doubtful. D.Worried.CTheNightWatchwascommissioned(委托)in1639byFransBanninckCocq,thecaptainofAmsterdam’scivilmilitia(民兵组织),anddescribedhimandhis17members.Itwascompletedin1642byRembrandtvanRijnandspentmorethan70yearsinthehallofthecivilmilitia.In1715,DutchofficialsdecidedtomovethepaintingtothecityhallinAmsterdam’sRoyalPalaceontheDam.Thealmost12-footby14-footartworkcouldn’tgothroughthedoors,sothemoversmadeadecisionandcutofftheedgesofthepainting.Themissingpartswereneverrecovered.However,arthistorianshavebeenawareofthemissingitemsthankstoasmallercopyoftheoriginalscenepaintedbyDutchartistGerritLundens.In2019,officialsofAmsterdam’sRijksmuseum,wherethepaintinghasbeendisplayedsince1808,decidedtorecreatethemissingparts.Tohelpthemwiththerestoration(修复),theteam,ledbythemuseum’sseniorscientist,RobertErdmann,turnedtoanewAIalgorithm(算法).CalledConvolutionalNeuralNetworks,ithelpscomputersfigureoutwhatimagesmayhaveoncelookedlike.Thescientistsscannedhigh-resolutionimagesoftheoriginal(原作)andLudens’paintingtothecomputer.TheAIwasabletostudyandcorrectthepainting’sperspective.ItalsorecognizedtheexactcolorsusedbytheDutchmasterandcouldevencopyhisbrushstrokes.The“missing”partswereprintedandmountedtothepainting.Theleftsideincludedtwomenwatchingtheeventandayoungboyrunningawayfromthemilitia.Adrummerandabarkingdogwereaddedtothepainting’srightside.TheAIhelpedthemuseumreproducethebestpossibleversionofthemissingpieces.ButTacoDibbits,directoroftheRijksmuseum,thinksthattheoriginalmissingpartsarestillaroundandwillbereturnedtothemuseumsomeday.Therestoredpaintingwillbeonshowanditcanalsobeseenonlineonthemuseum’swebsite.28.WhydidRembrandtvanRijncreatethepainting?A.Helovedrecordingpeople’slifeofhistime.B.FransBanninckCocqrequestedhimtodothat.C.HewantedtoadvertiseAmsterdam’scivilmilitia.D.Thecivilmilitiaprovidedhimwithstronginspiration.29.HowdidAmsterdam’sRijksmuseumrestorethepainting?A.BycopyingLudens’paintings.B.Byusingadvancedtechniques.C.ByemployingaDutchartist.D.Bycreatingasmallerpainting.30.WhatdoweknowaboutTacoDibbits?A.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththereproducedpieces.B.Heistryingtofindthemissingpartofthepainting.C.Hehopestheoriginalmissingpartswillbefound.D.Hewishestherestoredpaintingwillbealwaysondisplay.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.TheNightWatchfinallycomestolight.B.TheRijksmuseumisrestoringoldpaintings.C.TheNightWatchwasrestoredtoitsoriginalform.D.TheoriginalpartsofTheNightWatcharestillmissing.DGloballightpollutionhasincreasedbyatleast49%over25years,newresearchshows.Thisdata(数据)onlyincludeslightwhichcanbeseenthroughsatellites,andscientiststhinkthetrueincreasemaybesigniffcantlyhigher—upto270%globally,and400%insomeareas.Thisstudyshowsnotonlyofhowbadlightpollutionhasbecomeasaproblemofthewholeworld,butalsothatitiscontinuingtogetworse,probablyatafasterandfasterrate.Thestudyhighlightsthe“hiddenimpact(影响)”oftheLEDtechnology.LEDssendoutmorebluelightthanpreviouslamptechnology,butsatellitesensorscan’tdiscoverthisbluelightandsounderestimate(低估)thelevelofemissions(排放物).Theauthorssaytheactualincreaseinthepowersentoutbyoutdoorlighting,andthusoflightpollution,maybeashighas270%.“TotaketheUKasanexample,ifyoupaynoattentiontotheeffectofthechangetoLEDs,yougetthefalseimpressionthatlightpollutionhasrecentlyweakened,”saidresearcherDrSánchezdeMiguel.“However,ithasreallyincreased,veryremarkably.”Contrarytopopularbelief,theLEDstreetlights,whilepotentiallyprovidingsomeenergysavings,hasincreasedlightpollutionandalsotheimpactsonflyinginsects(昆虫).RuskinHartley,ExecutiveDirectoroftheInternationalDark-SkyAssociation,said,“Overthepast25years,theuseofLEDlightinghasbeenaccompaniedbyrapidincreasesinlightpollutionallovertheworld.”Ifnoactionistakentochangethistrend(趋势),theimpactonthenaturalenvironmentwillspeedup,furtherworseningthebiodiversity(生物多样性)crisisandwastingenergy.Manystudieshavenowshownthatlightpollution,fromstreetlightsandothersources,canhavemajorimpactsonthenaturalenvironment.Suchpollutionislikelytohaveplayedaroleinthehugedecreaseininsectpopulations.32.Howdoestheauthorillustratethatlightpollutionbecomesworse?A.Byreferringtocertaintheories. B.Byprovidingcomparativedata.C.Bylistingalotofopinions. D.Bygivingsomeexamples.33.WhywaslightpollutionintheUKunderestimated?A.EmissionlevelsofLEDsarelow. B.SatellitesensorsareblindtoLEDs.C.OutdoorlightingislimitedintheUK. D.LEDsarelessandlessusedintheUK.34.What’sthegeneralbeliefofLEDstreetlights?A.Theyaregoodforinsects.B.Theysavelotsofenergy.C.Theycauselightpollution.D.Theyareenvironment-friendly.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Theharmoflightpollution.B.Thecausesofbiologicalcrises.C.Thetrendofinsectpopulations.D.Theimportanceofthenaturalenvironment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aboarding(寄宿)schoolisaresidentialprivateschool.Thestudentsactuallyliveoncampusindormitories(宿舍)orresidenthouseswithadultsfromtheschool.36IntheUSA,mostboardingschoolsservestudentsingrades9through12,thehighschoolyears.37Theseschoolsareusuallyreferredtoasjuniorboardingschools.Britishboardingschoolsarethemaininspiration(灵感)fortheAmericanboardingschools,sotheymaylooksimilar.38Britishboardingschoolsgenerallyacceptstudentsatamuchyoungerage.Theyrunfromprimarygradesthroughhighschools.Oppositely,theAmericanboardingschoolsdon’tacceptstudentsundereighthgrade.39Aboardingschoolofferseverythinginonepackage:thestudy,theathletics,thesociallife,and24-hoursupervision(监管)ofthestudents.Attendingtheboardingschoolisagreatwaytopreparestudentsfortheircollegelife.Parentswon’thavetoworryaboutwhattheirchildrenaregettinginto.Bestofall,thechildrenwillhaveverylittletimetobebored.However,therearealsosomeworriesaboutschools.Studentsareawayfromtheirparentsmanymonthsoutoftheyear.Asaresult,studentsmissoutontheirparents’guidanceandhavelittletimetocommunicatewiththem.40Thisdoesn’tgivethemmuchofachancetomakefriendshipsoutsideofschoolortakepartinnon-schoolcommunityactivities.A.Theybothhavealonghistory.B.However,thedifferencealsoexists.C.Butnotallpeoplesupporttheseboardingschools.D.Andtheyoftenhavetheirmealsinschooldininghalls.E.Someschoolsoffereighthgradeormiddleschoolyears.F.Itisagreedthatboardingschoolsprovidestudentswithmanyadvantages.G.Theyalsospendalltheirtimeinthecompanyofthesamepeopleeveryday.第三部分完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Andréwasbornintoaverypoorfamily.InGuatemala,lessthanonepercentofkidshavethe41toreceiveauniversityeducation.YetAndréalwayshadthisunusual42togotocollege.Duringhislastyearinhighschool,André43thegoaltogotooneofthebestuniversitiesinGuatemalaCity.Everybodytoldhim,“Thatisa（n）44dream.”ButAndréwasfocused.André45aboutfifteenembassies(大使馆)inGuatemalaandaskediftheyhadanyscholarships(奖学金)forcollegestudents.Noneofthemdid.ThenAndrétooktheentranceexams,46thatifhedidwell,somethinggoodmighthappen.Oneoftheschoolshe47isFranciscoMarroquínUniversity.Anofficeroftheuniversity,Mónica,said:“Andréscoredaperfect100inthemathexam.Iwasso48withAndréthatattheendofthe49Itoldhim,‘André,youareaccepted.’“I50himsaying,’Oh,thanks.NowIcantelleverybodyaboutthenews51.ButyoumustknowthatIcan’t52it,soyoucanusemy53toacceptsomeoneelse.’“Don’tworry,André.Youwillgetourscholarship,anditwill54everything.Congratulations!”Andrédidn’tcomplain(抱怨)abouthisdifficulties.Instead,hefocusedonwhathecould55—hisattitudeandhisgoal.41.A.confidence B.chance C.right D.aim42.A.pressure B.tradition C.strength D.dream43.A.won B.kicked C.set D.reached44.A.impossible B.interesting C.practical D.unpleasant45.A.calledfor B.calledoff C.calledout D.calledup46.A.hoping B.finding C.realizing D.deciding47.A.lookedfor B.answeredfor C.appliedto D.referredto48.A.familiar B.strict C.angry D.impressed49.A.exam B.interview C.contest D.term50.A.remember B.imagine C.keep D.prevent51.A.slowly B.obviously C.proudly D.generously52.A.afford B.conduct C.prove D.determine53.A.system B.space C.title D.power54.A.windup B.focuson C.payfor D.leadto55.A.admire B.describe C.celebrate D.control第四部分语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiaolong’sloveformusicstartedinmiddleschoolwhenhereceivedaguitarfromhisfather56agift.Later,hegotintheSichuanConservatoryofMusic.Aftergraduation,he57(choose)topursue(追求)hisdreamasasingerindifferentcities.Afewyearslater,hedecidedtogobackhome.“Ilovesingingandplayinginstruments.Ithought58wouldbegreatifIcouldhelpchildreninmyhometownenjoymusicandbringthem59(happy)throughsinging,”saysXiaolong.In2012,XiaolongtookupworkasanelementaryschoolteacherinLiangshan.Apartfrommusic,hetaughtother60(subject)likemathaswell.Hestartedtowritesongsonhisown,b