焊接外观要求

VisualGMAWWeldInspection

气体保护焊的目视检查GMAW:GasMetalArcWeldingAdequatedrawings&specifications相应的图纸和技术规范Acceptancestandardsclearlyunderstoodbybothmanufacturerandbuyerbeforeweldingisstarted.在开始焊接前,客供双方须清楚地明确接收标准.先期准备Threecategories:三类工作Priortowelding焊接前Duringwelding焊接中Afterwelding焊接后范围Visualacuity灵敏的视觉判断力ExperienceandTraining

接受过一定的培训和相应的经验Procedures理解程序的要求CertificationPrograms

通过了能力测试Safety

完全了解工作环境的安全要求

检验员的必备要求Generalvisualexaminationisamethodforidentifyingsurfaceflawsandimperfections目视检查是发现焊接表面缺陷与次品的方法原则Reviewdrawingsandspecifications审核图纸与技术规范Planforrecordingofresults准备记录检查结果Review/developcontrolplan

审核并更新控制计划Review/developDFMEA/PFMEA审核并更新DFMEA/PFMEA焊接前Sequenceofwelding焊接的顺序Conformancewiththeapplicableprocedurei.e.voltage,amperageandtravelspeed.

与相应的程序保持一致,如:电压,电流及焊接速度

焊接中Finalweldappearance最终焊接外观Finalweldsize最终焊接尺寸WeldLength焊接长度Locationaccuracy

焊接位置的精确度Distortion

变形

焊接后Discontinuities众多缺陷Porosity气孔Incompletefusion不完全熔接Incompletejointpenetration结合点不完全熔深Undercut咬边Overlap虚焊Cracks裂缝BurnThru烧穿Meltback回熔Notching收弧槽Meltthru烧穿Outofposition焊偏Hollow弧坑Residue表面焊渣

Weldsplit断弧

最终焊接外观Widelydistributed广泛分布Fulllength整条焊缝都有Mostlyonsurface表面清晰可见

离散分布的气孔NGLocalizedgroupofpores一撮小气孔Starting/Stoppingareas起弧收弧处Occursduringregionsofarcblows气体没保护处

群状分布的气孔NGUsuallycontaminationinjoint(hydrocarbonburning)通常由于结合部有杂质线状分布的气孔NG不完全熔接Incomplete

fusionNG结合点不完全熔深IncompletejointpenetrationNG虚焊OverlapNG假焊NG焊偏咬边UndercutUndercut裂缝NG回熔收弧槽烧穿NG烧穿MeltThru总要求Example1OKOKExample2OKExample3OKExample4OKExample5NGExample6OKExample7NGExample8BasicRegulation下列准则应予遵守Thescattered,linear,andclusterporosityarenotacceptable不允许出现条虫状气孔和表面气孔堆积Asingleporosityisacceptable

允许有个别气孔

Theincompletefusioncannotoccurintheareab,b1andb2

区域b,b1和b2不允许出现未熔合现象

Innonincompletefusionareab,b1andb2,thepenetrationshouldbemorethan0.1mmatleast.

没有未熔合现象的b,b1和b2区域内的焊接熔深至少0.1毫米Thedepthofhollowshouldbelessthan50%materialthickness

弧坑深度<50%板厚

Thevaliddepthintheundercutareashouldbemorethan0.8Tandnosharpedge出现咬边时,实际连接深度至少0.8T,不允许有边缘锋利的咬边.PrincipleforRework返工原则Canbereworked:以下情况可以返工

MissedweldorSplitweld漏焊或断弧Thediameterofburnthrulessthan5mm

焊穿直径小于5mmShortlengthweld

焊缝长度不够