八年级英语上册期中复习专题四语法讲义

20232024年八年级英语仁爱版上册期中复习专题四语法【重要语法归纳】（一）一般将来时1.begoingto结构①表示主语计划、打算做某事。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用begoingto表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。I’mgoingtoplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesthisSunday.我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。Sheisgoingtobuyasweaterforhermother.她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。②表预测，指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。Lookatthoseclouds.It’sgoingtorain.瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！2.will+动词原形表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,soon,later,nexttime(week/month/year…)等连用。willnot=won’t;缩略形式为’ll.①

表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。Pleaseputyourthingsaway,Tom.汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。I’msorry.I’lldoitrightaway.对不起。我马上就去做。②

表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。I’msureourteamwillwinnexttime.我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybeshewillgotothegym.也许她会去体育馆。③

表示许诺。I’lldobetternexttime.下次我会做得更好的。I’llvisityoutomorrow.明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/Theywillgotoplaybaseballsoon.否定句：I/She/He/Theywon’tgotoplaybaseballsoon.一般疑问句：Willyou/she/he/theygotoplaybaseballsoon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/theywill.

No,I/she/he/theywon’t.3.动词plan,e,go,leave等瞬时动词用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。I’ming.我就来。HeisleavingforShanghai.他将到上海去。WearegoingtoBeijing.我们将去北京。（二）提建议的句型：Wouldyouliketogo

hikingwithus?你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/Howaboutgoing

hikingwithus?和我们一起去远足怎么样?Whydon’tyougo

hikingwithus?你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Whynotgo

hikingwithus?为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Let’s

go

hiking.让我们一起去远足吧!Wouldyoumindgoing

hikingwithus?你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Wouldyouplease

gohikingwithus?

和我们一起去远足好吗?（三）1.hadbetter的形式和用法

固定短语hadbetter具有情态意义，也可以看作情态动词。译为“最好”，它只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化，后常跟动词原形，是给人提出建议的一种方式。如：Youhadbettergotoseethedoctor.你最好去看医生。You'dbettereatalotoffruitanddrinkplentyofwater.你最好多吃水果，多喝水。Had

better的否定结构为hadbetternot。如：You'd

betternoteathotfood.你最好别吃辛辣的食物。You'd

betternotworktoday.你今天最好别工作。2.shall的用法1）

作助动词时，英式英语中表示将来，可与第一人称连用，但在口语中所有人称都用will。如：Ishall/willbeinNewYork

thistimenextweek.下周这个时候我就在纽约了。注意：美语则不管什么人称，一律用will。作情态动词时表征询意见，用于第一人称的疑问句中。如：ShallItakeyoutothehospital?要不要我带你去医院？Whatshallwedothisweekend?这个周末我们要作什么呢？（四）1.情态动词must及其否定形式mustnotmust译为“必须做......”其否定意义“不必做......”，用don'thaveto/needn't/don'tneedto表示，而不用mustnot。如：——MustIfinishittonight?——No,youdon'thaveto.mustnot译作“禁止做......”。如：Youmustnotthrowlitterabout.=Don'tthrowlitterabout.别到处乱扔垃圾。2.情态动词may①表示请求允许，译作“可以”。如：MayIein?我可以进来吗？②表示推测，译作“可能”。如：Youmaygetaheadachewhenyouworktoohard.当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。Youmaygetaheadachewhenyoucan'tgetenoughsleep.当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。（五）1.反身代词的形式单数

复数myself

ourselvesyourself

yourselveshimself

themselvesherself

themselvesitself

themselves2.反身代词的用法1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。如：Theboycouldn'tmakethemodelplanebyhimself.那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。2）反身代词常与一些动词连用。如：“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”；“hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如：JaneteachesherselfEnglish.简自学英语。Lilyfelldownandhurtherselfyesterday.昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。注：反身代词与个别动词搭配使用，意思发生变化。如：“help+反身代词+to...”表示“随便吃...”；“enjoy+反身代词”表示“...玩得开心”。Helpyourselftosomestrawberries,please.请随便吃些草莓。Theyenjoyedthemselvesatthepartylastnight.昨晚在晚会上他们玩得很开心。反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。如：You'dbetteraskyourteacheraboutityourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。【课堂专练】一、用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Yourroomisvery_________.It'smuch________thanmine.It's________ofall.（big）2.—Thiscoatistoo________.（expensive）Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.Icanbuya________onethanit.—Sorry,thisoneis_________oneinthestore.（cheap）3.TomandSamare_______atmaththanphysics.AndTomis______atEnglishinourclass.（good）4.—Therearemany________placesinAustralia.Youmaygotheretovisitthemonvocation.—Thankyou.ButIthinktherearemany________placesinEgypt.Iwanttogothere.（beautiful）5.—Whichunitis__________inBook2,doyouthink?IsUnit12_________?（difficult）—Idon'tthinkso.Ithinkit'salittle_________than（easy）二、连词组句：1.listen,morning,the,to,I,radio,the,in,often.2.of,men,nurses,good,sick,hospital,care,in,take,the.3.weekdays,he,the,goes,cinema,never,during,the,to.4.puter,got,new,you,a,have?5.weekends,he,rest,does,a,got,have,on?6.good,LiMing,do,and,often,Ideeds.7.museum,they,the,often,science,visit,how,do?8.the,in,any,there,kitchen,food,is?9.homework,does,day,when,Tom,his,every,where,and,do?10.a,there,vegetables,many,but,apples,aren't,lot,there,of,are,there.三、用括号里的动词的适当形式填空：There（be）______someglassesonit.2.He（go）______totheparkeveryday.3.Myuncle（live）______inNanjingnow.4.______LucyandLily（like）______China?5.LiLei（notlike）______todrinkorangesoda.6.Thegirl（go）______homeat4:30intheafternoon.7.______Kate（speak）______French?Yes,shedoes.8.Jim（notride）______hisbikeoften.9.Ifhe（be）______freetomorrow,he（go）______withus.10.Assoonasthey（get）______therenextmonth,he（call）______me.11.______LiMing'sfather（have）______hislunchathome?12.Tom（notdo）______themorningexercisesoften.13.I（be）______hungryandmysister（be）______thirsty.14.Thebaby（have）______curlyhair.15.Everybody（have）______achancetowin.16.I（clean）______myroomonceaweek.17.Nobody（tell）______themanything.18.There（be）______alotofchickenontheplate.19.Mr.Li（teach）______thesecondgrade.20.Theboy（watch）______TVeveryevening.21.Mary（play）______theviolinquitewell.22.David（study）______ChineseandI（study）______English.23.Thegame（be）______interesting.24.Manychildren（be）______ontheplayground.25.He（have）_______agoodtimeatyourparty.26.I（have）______anewbicycle.四、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Tomandhisfather______（swim）now.2.Look!They______（run）alongthestreet.3.We______（practice）hardthesedaysbecausewewillhaveabigmatchnextmonth.4.What______he______（do）atnineo'clocklastnight?5.They______（listen）tothemusicatthattime.6.Whentheheadmastercamein,thestudents______（read）thetext.7.We______（watch）TVwhensuddenlythetelephonerang.8.She______（make）thepaperflowersthewholenight.9.A:_______you______（studying）English?B:Yes,Iam.10.Let'sgoout.It______（notrain）now.11.Hurryup!Everybody______（wait）foryou.12.A:______（you/listen）totheradio?B:No,Youcanturnitoff.13.I______（watch）TVatseveno'clockyesterdayevening.14.A:What______（you/look）for?B:I______（look）formywallet.Thereissomethingimportantinit.15.Look.It______（rain）hard.We'llgetwetifwegoout.五、完成下列句子：1.你长大了想当什么？我打算当个电脑程序员。What_____you___________________whenyou_____________?I'm______to_______a______________.2.你哥哥长大了打算当什么？他打算当个专业的篮球运动员。What_____yourbrother____________________whenhe_____________?He's_____to______a________________player.3.你打算怎么做？我打算学计算机学。_____areyou______________________that?I'm___________________puter_______.4.你哥哥打算怎么做？他打算每天练篮球。_____isyourbrother_______________?He's____________________basketballeveryday.5.她打算下学期上一些表演课吗？是的。______she______________________some______lessons?Yes,she________.【答案】一、1.big,bigger,thebiggestexpensive,cheaper,thecheapestgood,thebestbeautiful,morebeautiful5.themostdifficult,themostdifficult,easier二、1.Ioftenlistentotheradiointhemorning.Nursestakegoodcareofsickmeninthehospital.Henevergoestothecinemaduringtheweekdays.Haveyougotanewputer?Doeshehavearestonweekends?LiMingandIoftendogooddeeds.Howoftendoyouvisitthesciencemuseum?Isthereanyfoodinthekitchen?WhenandwheredoesTomdohishomeworkeveryday?10.Therearealotofvegetablesbuttherearen'tmanyapplesthere.Or:Thereare