2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit3Backtothepast学生用书牛津译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit3Backtothepast►核心词汇——写其形1．____________n.惊恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措2．____________adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的3．____________adv.同时；其间；对比之下4．____________vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢5．____________vi.&vt.(sank,sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低6．____________n.产量，输出量7．____________vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动8．____________vt.&vi.装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量9．____________n.改变，转移；轮班10．____________adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的►阅读词汇——知其意1．voyagen.________________vi.________________2．fleetn.________________3．navigatevt.________________vi.________________4．compassn.________________5．logn.________________vi.&vt.________________6．routen.________________7．uniformn.________________adj.________________8．chaosn.________________9．navyn.________________10．infamyn.________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．boardn．板，板子→________prep.&adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等)2．astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→________n．[U]惊讶，震惊→________adj.令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的3．financen．金融，财政→________adj.财政的，金融的，财务的4．comparevt.比较→________n．对比；比较5．strongadj.强壮的，强健的→________n．体力，力气；意志力；实力，优点，长处→________adv.坚定地；强烈地6．shortadj.矮的；短的；短缺的，不足的→________v．弄短；把……截短→________n．不足，短缺7．departvi.&vt.离开，起程→________n．离开，起程8．bloodn．血，血液→________vi.(bled,bled)失血，流血→________adj.流血的；血腥的9．adoptvt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养→________n．采用，收养10．insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说→________n．坚决要求；坚持；固执→________adj.坚决要求的，坚持的，固执的►高频短语——记得牢1．________________代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了2．________________使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内3．________________与……相反4．________________满载着……5．________________使……接触……；使……暴露于……6．________________坚持做某事7．________________在……的过程中8．________________受……的影响9．________________接替某人担任10．________________(在某事上)与某人意见不合11．regardlessof________________12．sortout________________13．playanimportantrolein...________________14．payfriendlyvisitsto...________________15．dismisssth.as...________________16．putsb.indanger________________17．bearwitnessto...________________18．takeaninterestin...________________19．consistof________________►典型句式——懂其用1．asis/wasthecase(with/in...)这是经常的事/通常情况下/……也一样Thosewhomakegreatdiscoveriesmustoftenovercomemanychallengesalongtheway—__________________________.凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。2．主语(表无生命的事物)＋see/find/witness＋宾语……经历/发生/见证/目睹了……HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiod________________________________________.他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。3．where引导地点状语从句Today,theUSSArizonalies________________________：inthemiddleofthePacificOcean.如今，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还位于当年沉船的位置：在太平洋的中央。【核心考点】►第一版块|重点单词1．breadthn．宽度；广泛broadadj.宽阔的，广阔的；广泛的broadlyadv.大体上broadenv．变宽；扩大；增长(1)hair'sbreadth一发之差，极细微的距离breadthofvision远见卓识atremendousbreadthofexperience极其广泛的经验(2)abroadstreet宽广的街道broadshoulders宽肩abroadsmile/grin咧嘴笑abroadrangeofproducts各种各样的产品(3)broadlyspeaking大体上说(4)broadenone'shorizons拓宽某人的视野◎单句语法填空①Wherewillwefindsomeonewithher________(broad)ofexperience?②O'ConnellBridgeinDublinisfamousforbeing________(broad)thanitislong.③________(broad)speaking,don'tyouthinkwomenmakebetterdriversthanmen?④Theyare________(broad)thebridgetospeeduptheflowoftraffic.2．convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说convincedadj.确信的，坚信的convincingadj.有说服力的；使人信服的(1)convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.＋(that)宾语从句使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事convinceoneselfof使自己相信……(2)(be)fullyconvinced＋(that)宾语从句深信……be/feelfirmlyconvincedthat...确信……；笃信……；坚信……(3)convincingevidence有力的证据aconvincingspeech有说服力的演讲Inordertoconvinceusofhishonesty,hegaveusseveralconvincingcaseswhichcouldmakeusconvincedofit.为了使我们相信他的诚实，他给了我们几个有说服力的事例，这些事例可以使我们相信他的诚实。◎单句语法填空①AlthoughIsoonconvincehim________myinnocence,Ithinkhestillhasseriousdoubtsaboutmysanity.②It'suselesstryingtoconvinceher________shedoesn'tneedtoloseanyweight.③Oscarconvincedthemanager________(look)intherecordofadvanceticketsales.④Althoughtheplayersinourteamareyoung,I'm________(full)convincedtheywillwintoday.⑤Scientistssaythereisno________(convince)evidencethatpowerlineshaveanythingtodowithcancer.3．harmoniousadj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的harmoniouslyadv.融洽地harmonyn．融洽，和睦(1)harmoniousrelations关系融洽harmoniousworld和谐世界harmonioussociety和谐社会(2)inharmonywith与……协调outofharmonywith与……不协调livetogetherinperfectharmony十分和睦地一起生活social/racialharmony社会/种族融洽◎单句语法填空①Thereareseveralwaystocreateandmaintaina________(harmony)dormitorylife.②Givingahelpinghandtothosewhoaredesperateforhelpcanmakeoursociety________(harmonious)．③Theonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmony________nature.4．dismissvt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散(1)dismisssth.fromone'smind拒绝考虑某事dismisssth./sb.as...把某事/某人当作……不予理会dismisssb.fromsth.把某人从……(职位)解雇(2)bedismissedfromschool被学校开除bedismissedfromthefirm被公司开除bedismissedfromhisjob被免职dismisstheclass下课[名师点津]在日常英式英语中，说“开除”人们一般用sack，在日常美式英语中一般用fire，而不用dismiss。◎单句语法填空①Ithinkhe________(dismiss)measanidiotwithinfiveminutesofmeetingme.②Justdismissthosethoughts________yourmind—they'recrazyandnotworththinkingabout.③Withthecurrenteconomiccrisis,he________(dismiss)fromthecompanyforincompetencelastmonth.5．proofn．证据，证明(1)proofof...……的证据/证明proofofpurchase购物证明conclusiveproof确凿的证据furtherproof进一步的证据scientificproof科学证据needproof需要证据withoutabsoluteproof没有确凿的证据(2)provide/giveproof提供证据havesomeproofthat...有一些证据……Thereisproofthat...有证据证明……Thereisnoproofthat...没有证据证明……[学法点拨]­proof作为后缀使用时，意为“防……的；抗……的”。abulletproofvest防弹背心awaterproofjacket防水夹克衫awilld­proofjacket挡风夹克衫frost­proofpotsforthegarden花园里用的防冻花盆◎单句语法填空①Dotheyhaveanyproof________itwasHampsonwhostolethegoods?②Ifanyoneneedsproof________AndrewDavies'geniusasawriter,thisnovelisit.③Thereisnowproof________giantsquiddoexist.④Theysaytheyhavescientificproof________thetreatmentworks.⑤Everyonehasanabilitytocreateproof________theirtalent,knowledgeandskills.6.influentialadj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的influencen.&vt.影响(1)aninfluentialfigure有影响力的人物ahighlyinfluentialbook十分有影响力的书beinfluentialin...在……方面有影响力(2)influencesb.todosth.影响某人做某事(3)haveaninfluenceon对……有影响haveinfluenceover支配；控制undertheinfluenceof在……的影响下haveastronginfluenceonsb.对某人产生强大的影响undersb.'sinfluence在某人的影响下◎单句语法填空①Shewantedtoworkforabiggerand________(influential)newspaper.②Johnsonwasinfluentialin________(persuade)theproducerstoputmoneyintothefilm.③Whatexactlyistheinfluenceoftelevision________children?④Confuciusgreatly________(influence)thedevelopmentofChina'scultureandeducation.7．insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说insistencen．[U]坚决要求，坚持insiston/upon坚持/坚称……insistondoingsth.坚持/执意做某事aninsistenceon坚决主张atsb.'sinsistence在某人的坚持下insistthat...执意要求做……；坚称……[学法点拨](1)insist后面接that宾语从句时，如果表示“坚持或坚决要求”，that从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用“(should＋)do”，被动用“(should＋)bedone”，should可以省略。Heinsistedthattheproblem(should)bediscussedatthemeeting.他执意要求在会上讨论这个问题。(2)insist后面接that宾语从句时，如果表示“坚持说或坚称”，that从句不用虚拟语气。Sheinsistedthatthemanhadstolenherwalletandthathe(should)besenttothepolicestation.她坚持说那个男子偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。◎单句语法填空①Sheinsisted________tellingmeeverysingledetailofwhattheydidtoherinthehospital.②Thebossinsiststhatit________(be)averysoundinvestment.③Tom'sparentsinsistedthattheteacher________(inform)themofanyprogressTommade.8.departvi.&vt.离开，起程departuren．离开；起程；出发departfromNewYork从纽约离开departforParis飞往巴黎departLondon离开伦敦departone'sjob离职◎单句语法填空①TheflightforCambridgewilldepart________Terminal2.②Thetrainnow________(depart)fromPlatform13isthe10：35toGlasgow.③Thepassengerswouldbetransferredtoanotherflighttodepart________MilanlateronMonday.④Theyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehis________(depart)fromtheisland.9.panicn．惊恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措(1)in(a)panic惊慌地，在惊慌中amomentofpanic一时惊慌getintoapanic陷入恐慌(表动作)panicbuying/selling恐慌性抢购/抛售panicsb.intodoingsth.使某人仓促做某事apanicattack一阵心慌意乱apanicdecision慌乱中作出的决定causepanic引起恐慌(2)Don'tpanic!别慌！There'snopanic;we'vegotplentyoftime.不用着急，我们有的是时间。◎单句语法填空①Katewas________apanicaboutherexam,whichmadeherparentsworried.②Hegot________apanicthathewouldforgethislinesonstage.③Thebossalways________(panic)aboutthebudgeteverymonth.④Guests________(panic)andscreamedwhenthebombexploded.10.facilitatevt.使便利，促进facilitationn．便利；促进，增强facilityn．设施；设备(1)facilitatehousework为家务劳动提供便利facilitateeconomicgrowth促进经济发展facilitatemutualunderstanding促进相互理解(2)facilitationmeasures便利措施(3)athletic/culturalfacilities体育/文化设施publicfacilities公共设施communicationfacilities通信设备computerfacilities计算机设备◎单句语法填空①Moderninventionshavegreatly________(facilitate)housework.◎完成句子②新机场将促进旅游业的发展。Thenewairportwill__________________________________.③计算机可为语言学习带来便利。Computerscanbeusedto______________________________________.④我们对他们表示欢迎，并将提供一切可能的便利和协助。Wewelcomethemandwill__________________________andassistance.11．availableadj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的availabilityn．可用或可得到的人/物be/becomeavailabletosb.对某人来说是可使用的/可获得的beavailabletodosth.可供使用做某事beavailablefor可用于becomeavailable可以用/获得makesth.available使某物可利用/可获得availableresources/facilities可利用的资源/设施readilyavailable可以容易得到的theonlyroomavailable唯一可用的房间Suchinformationwillbereadilyavailabletous.此类信息我们可以轻松获得。TherewerenoticketsavailablefortheperformanceonFriday.星期五演出的票买不到了。Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空吗？◎完成句子①Colddrinkswill________________________(可获得)attheSportsCenter.②________________________(所有信息在手),theyfoundthehotelinthemountaineasily.③Inthe1940s,electricity________________________(可供……使用)peopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates.④Iwouldhavegonetomycousin'sbirthdaypartylastnight,but______________(我没空)．12．comparisonn．对比；比较comparevt.对比；比较comparableadj.可比较的(1)makeacomparison作比较by/incomparisonwith与……相比bycomparison相比之下(2)compareAwithB把A和B作比较compareAtoB把A比作Bcomparedto/with...与……相比(常作状语)(3)beyondcompare无与伦比＝beyondcomparison无可比拟◎单句语法填空①Tomymindthere'sno________(compare)betweenthetworestaurants.②Itisdifficulttomake________comparisonwithherpreviousbook—theyarecompletelydifferent.③Incomparison________thepreviousstudy,thenewstudyexpandedresearchsubjects.④________comparison,Americansareoftenfrankaboutdisplayingbothpositiveandnegativeemotionsonthestreetandinotherpublicplaces.⑤________(compare)towhenwewereatschool,childrenseemtolearnmoreinterestingthingsnow.13.packvt.&vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾(行李)；打包；包装，包裹n．包，包裹；小盒，小包(1)packone'seq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(things把某人的东西打包suitcase收拾某人的行李箱))packinto...挤进……里面bepackedwith...挤满……，塞满……packsth.away将某物收拾好(2)afoodpack食品包twopacksofcookies两包饼干apackofwritingpaper一盒信纸apackofdogs一群狗◎单句语法填空①Peoplepacked________thesquareandeverystreetleadingtoitwhichwasfilledasfarasIcouldsee.②Onhisbirthdaylastweek,hisroom________(pack)withfruit,flowers,andgiftsgivenbyhisfriends.③OnceafriendandIpacked________somepeanutbutterandjellysandwichesforanouting.④________(pack)oficewereputonmyforeheadtokeepdownthefever.14．contraryadj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的n.thecontrary相反的事实acontrarypointofview相反的观点(be)contraryto与……相反contraryadvice/opinions/arguments完全相反的建议/观点/论点onthecontrary/quitethecontrary恰恰相反(作状语)tothecontrary相反的；相反地(相当于形容词或副词，起形容词作用时，作后置定语)contrarytopopularbelief与普遍的看法相反[学法点拨]contraryto是形容词短语，在句中常作状语、表语或定语。◎单句语法填空①Contrary________allourexpectations,hefoundawell­paidjobandanicegirlfriend.②—Ithoughtyousaidthefilmwasexciting.—________thecontrary,Inearlyfellasleephalfwaythroughit!③Foralongtimeitwasthoughttobeaharmlesssubstance,butwenowhaveevidence________thecontrary.④Theiropinioniscontrary________mine.⑤Unlessthereisevidence________________(相反的),wehavenochoicebuttobelievewhatthechefhassaid.15．meanwhileadv.同时；其间；对比之下(＝meantime)n.其间，其时inthemeanwhile(n.)/meantime在此期间；与此同时forthemeanwhile一会儿，暂时Motherwentshopping;meanwhile,Icleanedthehouse.妈妈去买东西，与此同时，我打扫房间。Pleasefindataxi,andinthemeanwhileI'llpacksomefood.你去叫辆出租车，趁这工夫我打包点吃的。Weneedsomenewcurtains,butthesewilldoforthemeanwhile.我们需要一些新的窗帘，但这些暂时还可以用。◎完成句子①Ihopetogotomedicalschooleventually.________________(在此期间),Iamgoingtostudychemistry.②Thedoctorwillseeyouagainnextweek.________________(在此期间),youmustrestasmuchaspossible.③Weneedsomenewcurtains,butthesewilldo________________(暂时)．16．dragvt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动；过得很慢dragsth.overto把某物拖到……dragsb.from把某人从……拽起来dragoneselfoutofbed费力地起床dragsb.allthisway拽着某人走/跑了一路can't/couldn'tdragmyselfaway舍不得自己离开dragyourfeet/heels故意拖拉；故意延迟(作出决定)◎单句语法填空①Pickthechairupinsteadof________(drag)itbehindyou!②She________(drag)thecanoedowntothewater.③Thefirsthalfofthemoviewasinterestingbutthesecondhalf________(drag)on.④Idraggedmychairover________thewindow.⑤Imanagedtodrag________(me)outofbed.⑥I'msorrytodragyou________thiswayintheheat.17.sinkvi.&vt.(sank,sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低sinkingn．沉没adj.下沉的(1)sinktothebottomof沉到……的底部sinkbehind落到……后面sinklikeastone折戟沉沙；立即沉没eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(thesinkingsun落日表示正在降落thesunksun落日表示已经落下))(2)sinkintoachair颓然倒在椅子里sinktothefloor倒在地板上sinkdown沉落sinkinthought陷入沉思sinkintopoverty陷入贫困中[名师点津]sink可以表示具体的“沉没”，也可以表示抽象的“(情绪)低落”◎单句语法填空①Sheletoutasighand________(sink)intoachair,notknowingwhattodo.②Myfather'sship________(sink)inWorldWarⅡ，whichwasagreatloss.③TheTitanicwasacruiseshipwhichsank________thebottomoftheoceanin1912.④Thelegsofthegardenchairsank________thesoftground.⑤Itisclearthathousepriceshave________(sink)toanewlow.18．prayvi.&vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告prayern．祈祷；祈祷的内容，祈祷文(1)prayfor...祈祷……；企盼……prayto向……祈祷praytodosth.祈求做某事prayforpeace祈求和平praytobeforgiven祈求得到宽恕praythat...祈祷……(2)say/giveone'sprayers祷告kneelinprayer跪下祈祷◎单句语法填空①Hespenthistimeinprison________(pray)andstudying.②I'mjustpraying________somebodyinCongresswilldosomethingbeforeit'stoolate.③DuringtheSpringFestival,somepeoplewouldvisittemplestopray________happiness,wealthandhealth.19．reformvt.改进，改良，改革；悔改n．改革，改良needtobereformed需要进行改革reformandopening­up改革开放thepaceofreform改革的步伐thesupply­sidestructuralreform供给侧结构改革supportthereformof支持……的改革amajorreform重大的改革reformsineducation教育改革reformanunfairsystem改革不公正的制度◎单句语法填空①ForyearsIwasanalcoholic,butI________(reform)whenthedoctorsgavemesixmonthstolive.②Thegovernmentisintheprocessof________(reform)thebenefitssystem.③Inmyopinion,some________(reform)ofthesystemarenecessary.20.shiftn．改变，转移；轮班vi.&vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变(1)ashiftinsth.某方面的转变ashiftofemphasis重点的转移beontheday/nightshiftatthefactory在工厂上白班/夜班workaneight­hourshift按每班八小时轮班工作(2)shift...from...to...把……从……移动/搬到……shiftone'sground改变某人的立场◎单句语法填空①Therehasbeen________dramaticshiftinpublicopiniontowardspeacefulnegotiations.②Society'sattitudestowardswomen________(shift)enormouslyoverthelastcentury.③Tom'sparentshoped________(shift)hisattentionawayfromcomputergames.④Joelistened,________(shift)uncomfortablyfromonefoottoanother.►第二版块|重点短语1．allowfor使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内(1)allowforyourage考虑到你的年龄allowforhumanerror考虑到人为失误allowforthisreason考虑到这个原因(2)allowsb./sth.todosth.允许某人/某物做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事OurEnglishteacherallowsfordifferentkindsofinteractionsinclass.我们的英语老师允许课堂上有各种各样的互动。◎单句语法填空①Wehavetoallow________thepossibilitythatwemightnotfinishthisprojectonschedule.②Youshouldallowfortheplane________(delay)．③________(allow)forthebadweather,weshouldsetoffrightnow.2.onbehalfof代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了on/inbehalfofsb.(＝on/insb.'sbehalf)代替/代表某人；为了某人standfor代表，象征(作谓语)◎单句语法填空①Onbehalf________ourschool,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmwelcometoyou.②Annaskedthedoctortospeaktoherparents________herbehalf.③Jackthankedthem________yourbehalf.3.sortout理顺，整理；把……安排好；分类，挑出(1)sortouttheemails整理电子邮件sortoutthepaperstobethrownaway把要扔掉的文件挑出来sortouttheproblems解决问题sortsth.out(from...)(从……中)区分出来/辨别出来sort...bysize把……按大小分类opiles把……分成几堆(2)asortof一种allsorts/kindsof各种各样的(名词前)ofallsorts各种各样的(名词后)this/thatsortof这/那种(名词前)ofthis/thatsort这/那种(名词后)◎单句语法填空①Hedecidedtosort________herlifeforher,butsherefusedhim.②Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedandsorted________plastics,glassandpaper.③Shespentanafternoon________(sort)outhercoinsandstamps.④Theeggsaresorted________size.⑤Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofall________(sort)inthesittingroom.⑥Hewasapoet________asort.⑦Plants________thissortdon'tgrowonthisisland.◎完成句子⑧这价格比我预料的稍高一些。Thepricewas________________higherthanI'dexpected.►第三版块|典型句式1．asis/wasthecase(with/in...)这是经常的事/通常情况下/……也一样[教材原句]Thosewhomakegreatdiscoveriesmustoftenovercomemanychallengesalongtheway—aswasthecasewiththeexplorerChristopherColumbus.凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。[句式分析](1)该句型的基本含义是“这是常见的情形”或“情况往往如此”等，asisthecase还经常与often,always等词搭配使用。该句型作为从句使用时，一般位于句首，其后再接一个陈述句，用于具体描述某个情形。它既可以单独使用，也可以在后面接介词with/in。(2)asis/wasthecase单独使用时，其含义为“通常情况下，一如既往地”。Asisoftenthecase,humansaretheprimarycauseofextinction.通常情况下，人类是物种灭绝的主要原因。(3)当asis/wasthecase后面接介词with时，通常是以“asis/was(often/always)thecasewith＋sb./sth.”这一结构出现，表示主句所描述的某种情形适合于这些人或物。(教材例句即如此)(4)asis/wasthecase后面接介词in时，通常以“asis/wasthecasein＋某地”的结构出现，表示主句所描述的某种情形适合于某个地方。比如我们常常说“中国的情况往往就是这样”，用英文表达就是asisoftenthecaseinChina。[基础练习]单句语法填空①Aswasoftenthecase________otherchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.②Aswasoften________case,thegirlforgottobringherdictionary.③Hewaslateforschool,aswasoftenthecase________him.④________wasoftenthecasewithhim,hewasfinedforspeeding.⑤Wearenotfamiliarwithdifferentcultures,asisoftenthecase________othercountries.⑥Asisoftenthecase________life,makingsomethinglookeasyisverydifficult.2．主语(表无生命的事物)＋see/find/witness＋宾语……经历/发生/见证/目睹了……[教材原句]HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。[句式分析](1)本句中，witness意为“见证，目睹；发生，经历”，从句主语为aperiod，表示“这一时期目睹了……”。(2)witness意为“见证，目睹，发生，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“见证/目睹/发生/经历了某事”。与witness用法相同的动词还有find，see，say，experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。Thelasttenyearshaveseengreatchangesinourcity.我们的城市在过去的10年里发生了巨大变化。[基础练习]单句语法填空①Thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury________(witness)thesteadyimprovementinthemeansoftravel.②Thenineteenthcentury________(see)manychanges,whichpromotedthedevelopmentofthesociety.3．where引导地点状语从句[教材原句]Today,theUSSArizonalieswhereitsank:inthemiddleofthePacificOcean.如今，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还位于当年沉船的位置：在太平洋的中央。[句式分析](1)where引导地点状语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。(2)where引导的地点状语从句用法总结：①where在地点状语从句中，除指具体地点外，还可指处境等抽象地点。②有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgiven.Changetheformwhere(it's)necessary.用所给的短语填空，必要的地方可以改变其形式。③地点状语从句一般置于主句之后。[归纳拓展]与where引导的定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语，其前有一个表示地点的先行词。此时，where可换为“介词＋which”结构。)where引导状语从句时，where为从属连词。where引导的地点状语从句用于对主句中的谓语动词进行说明，where前没有表示地点的名词，此时，where不能换为“介词＋which”结构。Gobacktothecountrywhereyoucamefrom.你从哪个国家来，就回哪个国家去。(where引导定语从句，修饰thecountry)Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.你从何处来到何处去。(where引导地点状语从句)[基础练习]单句语法填空①Youngpeopletodayearnmoreandhavemorefreedomtolive________theywant.②Weprefertocamp________thereiswater.③Improvementswillbemade__________necessary.④Keepit________youcanseeit.⑤IwillgoonatriptoHunan,________thereareagreatnumberofplacesofinterest.⑥Isthereashoparound________Icanblowmybiketyresup?⑦Wherethereisawill,________isaway.⑧________thereislife,thereishope.【跟踪演练】Ⅰ.短语汉译英1．理顺，整理；把……安排好________________2．与……相比________________3．挤满……，塞满……________________4．把……打包；收拾(行李)________________5．与……相反________________6．与此相反；恰恰相反________________7．身穿制服________________8．跳入河里________________9．冻死________________10．在此期间；与此同时________________11．混乱，纷乱________________12．流血而死________________13．策划阴谋________________14．祈祷……；企盼……________________15．上白班________________16．坚决要求……；坚持说……________________17．资金不足________________18．惊慌地________________Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．AboardtheplaneIwasabouttogotothewashroomwhentheplanesuddenlyshook________(violent)．2．Seeinganeagledivingathim,thelittlerabbitwas________(freeze)withgreatfear.3．Thesoldierfromthenavy,withhisleg________(bleed),was________(drag)behindwhenhesuddenly________(sink)downontheground.4．Thetwofoxeshatchedaplottopreventthehen________(hatch)itseggs.5．Asapeasant,he________(pray)thattheruralreformwillgosmoothlyandtheagriculturaloutputwillincreasedramatically.6．Myhusbandconvincedmetovisittheneighbour'sfamily,whichstrengthenedthe________(harmony)relationshipbetweenthetwofamilies.7．Onbehalfofhiscountry,hevisitedtheneighbouringcountry,withtheboat________(load)withallkindsofthingsasgifts.8．Tom,aninfluentialfigure,________(dismiss)fromhisjoblastmonthbecauseofafinancialmatter.9．Onthatday,thetsunami,________(acknowledge)tobetheworstdisasteroftheyear,strucksuddenly,andpeopleontheshoregotintoapanic.10．Theministerofeducationinsiststhatteachers________(facilitate)thediscussionamongexceptionalstudents.11．Whenhearingtheinvestmentwaswithdrawn,sheshookherhead________(violent)．12．Thelambtriedtoescapeby________(dive)intoariver.13．Thelambstaredatitsmaster,________(freeze)withhorror.14．Hemanaged________(drag)thecameloutofthesandanddust.15．Thegoatslowly________(bleed)todeath.16．Heistheman________(hatch)thewelcomepartyforournewassistant.17．Itisplaintoseethetwo________(plot)sharecertainobvioussimilarity.18．Shewatchedthesheltercollapsewitha________(sink)heart.19．The________(memory)standsnexttothechurch.20．Theoldmanspentthewholenight________(pray)forhissonwhowasinprison.Ⅲ.单句写作1．莉莉坐到椅子上休息；相反，露西正忙着收拾行李。(sink,onthecontrary,packup)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．与上周的会议一样，明天要举行的会议将至少持续三个小时。(asisthecasewith)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．上周日，我校举行了盛大的运动会开幕式。(无生命名词＋witness，royal)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．在士兵们被冻死的地方立了一座纪念碑。(where引导地点状语从句，befrozentodeath,memorial)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．当他上夜班时，他总是尽他所能促进同事之间的沟通。(onthenightshift,facilitate)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．我深信露西是代表我们学校参加马拉松比赛的合适人选。(beconvincedthat...,onbehalfof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．所有的老师都认为刘先生是学校里最有影响力的人，坚持选他当校长。(acknowledgesb.as/tobe,influential,insistthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8．考虑到他有可能为公司作出巨大贡献，老板决定不顾他的缺点雇用他。(allowfor,regardlessof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．他坚持说卡车上装的大米太多了，但是司机对他的话不予考虑。(insistthat...,beloadedwith,dismiss)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．当他有空的时候，他就把书架上的文学作品整理好，确保学生来找的时候都能找到。(sortout,literary,available)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit3Backtothepast基础回顾·自主排查区核心词汇1．panic2.available3.meanwhile4.acknowledge5.sink6．output7.drag8.load9.shift10.contrary阅读词汇1．航海，航行，航天航行，远行2.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队3.航行；导航导航4.罗盘，指南针；圆规5.航海日志，正式记录；原木伐木6.路线，路途；途径，渠道7.制服；队服一致的，统一的8.混乱，杂乱9.海军，海军部队10．臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪恶拓展词汇1．aboard2.astonishmentastonishing3.financial4．comparison5.strengthstrongly6.shortenshortage7.departure8.bleedbloody9.adoption10．insistenceinsistent高频短语1．onbehalfof2.allowfor3.contraryto4.beloadedwith...5.expose...to...6.insistondoingsth.7.overthecourseof...8.beinfluencedby...9.succeedsb.as...10.disagreewithsb.(on/about/oversth.)11.不管，不顾12.理顺，整理；把……安排好13.在……中起重要作用14.对……进行友好访问15.把某事当成……不予考虑16.把某人置于险境17.见证……18.对……产生兴趣19.由……组成/构成典型句式1．aswasthecasewiththeexplorerChristopherColumbus2．whichwitnessedmanyimpor