2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业1Unit1LifeChoices北师大版必修第一册

课时作业(一)必修第一册UNIT1LIFECHOICESⅠ.阅读理解A[2023·武汉市部分学校调研]WhenIwasakid,ifsomeonetoldmethatIwouldgrowuptobecomeapublishedauthorandfounderofayouthliteracy(读写能力)foundation,Iwouldhavelaughedandkeptwalking.EvennowwhenIseethetitleofmylatestpicturebook,MyVeryFavoriteBookintheWholeWideWorld,Ishakemyhead,notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit.Butthetruthis,thisstorycomesfrommyownpersonalexperience.Ittookmeaverylongtimetofindmypersonalreadingvoice.InValdosta,whereIgrewup,mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme:beinganathleteorbeinganentertainer.Iwasnodifferentthantheotherkids,soIdidwhatfeltnatural:playfootballandoverlookschool.Schoolpresentedchallengeseverydayandsodidfootballpractice,butovercomingphysicaladversity(逆境)wasontrendwithmyneighborhood'sculture.Readingbookswasnotsomuch.Fortunately,Iwenttocollege.That'swheremyreadingstrugglesreallyrearedtheiruglyhead.Tripstothegrocerystorewerestressfulbecausetherewassomuchreadinginvolvedinthesimpleactofbuyingfood.Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems.Once,Ipickedupapplesaucethinkingitwasappleslices.Ididn'tnoticemymistakeuntilIgothomeandrealizedthatitwasmyinabilitytounderstandthedifferencesinthewordingonthelabelsthatcausedthemistake.IrealizedthatIneededtomakeanimportantdecision.IfIwantedtobeabetterversionofme,Ihadtobecomeastrongerreader.IjoinedabookclubandreadeveryfreemomentIhad.Myjourneywithreadingalsocreatedadesireinmetoinspireotherswhostruggledwithreading.SoIstartedanonprofit,SharetheMagicFoundation,tryingtotransformthelivesofchildrenlivinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy.1．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisnewbook?A．It'sbeyondhisexpectations.B．It'shelpfulforyouthliteracy.C．It'sfullofhumorandwisdom.D．It'sanexactrecordofhisearlylife.2．Whatwastherootreasonfortheauthor'sfailuretofindhisreadingvoice?A．Theinfluenceofhiscommunity.B．Hisdreamtobeanentertainer.C．Thechallengeshemetinstudy.D．Hispreferenceforfootball.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“rearedtheiruglyhead”inParagraph3mean?A．Changed.B．Concluded.C．Surfaced.D．Disappeared.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Reflectiveandwarm­hearted.B．Persuasiveandabsent­minded.C．Creativeandstubborn.D．Ambitiousandcautious.B[2023·山东省青岛第二中学高三模拟]Whatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninth­and10th­graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I'mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It'seasyforthemtoseeascientist'sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents'beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.Duringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectual(智力的)strugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually，”suchasmakingmistakeswhileaddressingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformanceafterintervention,comparedtostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Theeffectwasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience­classperformancethanlow­performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byrecognizingascientist'sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.5．Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A．Theylackinterestinscience.B．Theyareshortofconfidence.C．Theydon'thaveinborntalent.D．Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience.6．What'sthepurposeoftheintervention?A．Tointroducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B.Toexposestudentstoscientists'greatachievements.C．Toensurestudentswillbecomescientistsinthefuture.D.Toclearstudents'misunderstandingsofscientificwork.7．Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________．A．minimalB．noticeableC．doubtfulD．long­lasting8．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B.Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C.Scientists'strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders'beliefs.D．Low­performingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.[答题区]题号12345678答案Ⅱ.完形填空[2023·山东省潍坊市高三模拟]Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.Theeconomyinourareawasinpretty__1__shape.AndIwas__2__forwhattodonextwhenIansweredtheonline__3__．NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(劈)wood.Idrovetotheaddressandthereonthefrontfieldwasahuge__4__elmtreeblownbystrongwinds.Anoldladywassitting__5__atthedoor.We__6__on$150todothejob.TheoldelmwastougherthanIhad__7__.Mychainsaw(电锯)cutitfine,butwhenItriedtosplitit,mychainsawwas__8__.SoIhadtoborrowawoodsplitterfromherneighbour.Imanagedtofinishthetaskatdusk.Asshelookedatthehugepileofwoodonthelawn,an__9__expressionworkeditswayacrossherface.Sheinvitedmeinfor__10__.Withtearsbuildingupinhereyes,she__11__measandwichandsaid,“Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing__12__.Ihaditinmypursebutnowheretobefound.Thatiswhat__13__moneyIhavesavedforhalfayear.”Seeingherhomewasnot__14__，IrealizedshewashavingahardshipworsethanI.Icomfortedherandthen__15__whatfirewoodwouldfitintoherwoodstorageroom.OnthewayhomeIthoughttomyself...“ItIsWhatItIs”．1．A.rough B．uniqueC．different D．active2．A.atatime B．atalossC．inaway D．inthemood3．A.course B．platformC．advertisement D．activity4．A.growing B．upstandingC．rotten D．fallen5．A.helplessly B．happilyC．thoughtfully D．leisurely6．A.insisted B．agreedC．looked D．depended7．A.anticipated B．mentionedC．remembered D．experienced8．A.unusual B．sharpC．useless D．faultless9．A.astonished B．annoyedC．abstract D．anxious10．A.breath B．dinnerC．shift D．money11．A.served B．returnedC．owed D．bought12．A.fast B．shortC．missing D．shopping13．A.extra B．remainingC．much D．little14．A.attractive B．old­fashionedC．decent D．secure15．A.piled B．changedC．backed D．broke[答题区]1～5________6～10________11～15________课时作业(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——读书改变人生【语篇解读】作者在一个鼓励男孩们成为运动员或演员的社区长大，以至于忽视了学业。作者上了大学意识到自己的问题后，想让自己变得更好，于是开始阅读。作者不仅成了出版作家而且还成立了非营利性基金会以帮助更多人去阅读。1．答案与解析：A推断。明题意：本题问“作者认为他的新书怎么样？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“Ishakemyhead,notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit”可知，作者看到自己的新书时，摇了摇头，不敢相信自己的名字被印在了书上。由此可推知，这件事情超出了作者的预期，故A项正确。2．答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme:beinganathleteorbeinganentertainer...overcomingphysicaladversity(逆境)wasontrendwithmyneighborhood'sculture.Readingbookswasnotsomuch”可知，作者所在的社区鼓励男孩们当运动员或做演员，对上学并不重视，这是作者阅读少的根源，故A项正确。3．答案与解析：C理解词汇。结合第三段中的“Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems...itwasmyinabilitytounderstandthedifferencesinthewordingonthelabelsthatcausedthemistake”可知，作者早年忽视学业，以至于在上了大学之后，读写方面的问题显现了出来，故C项与画线短语的意义最为接近。surface“显露”。4．答案与解析：A推断。根据第三段中的“Irealizedthat...becomeastrongerreader”可以看出，作者是一个善于反思的人；再根据最后一段中的“Istartedanonprofit...livinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy”可知，作者是一个热心的人。综合可知A项正确。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。5．答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I'mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It'seasyforthemtoseeascientist'sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.”可知，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选B项。6．答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents'beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误解。7．答案与解析：B词义猜测题。在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显著，因此，“Theeffectwasespeciallypronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”应是“明显的，显著的”含义，与选项B“noticeable(显而易见的)”含义相同。8．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“Byrecognizingascientist'sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为找不到工作，只好在网上接些临时工广告。作者接到一个被大风吹倒的大树需要伐木的生意，作者伐完木之后，老妇人积攒了半年并答应作者应付的150美元不见了。作者看到老妇人窘迫的家境，意识到她比自己更困难。1．答案与解析：A句意：我们这个地区的经济状况相当糟糕。根据“Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.”可知，作者找工作困难，说明经济状况相当糟糕。2．答案与解析：B句意：当我去接网络广告时，我不知道下一步该做什么。根据“whattodonext”可知，作者在网上接一些活，具体下一步做什么，作者不知所措。3．答案与解析：C句意：当我去接网络广告时，我不知道下一步该做什么。根据“NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(劈)wood.”可知，作者是在网上接一些临时工广告。4．答案与解析：D句意：我开车去了那个地址，前面的空地上有一棵巨大的榆树被强风吹倒了。根据“elmtreeblownbystrong