（教师版）15 第十五章 并列句与强调句型精讲与精练

第十五章并列句、强调句及其它句式精讲与精练一、并列句与强调句讲前练：语法填空Iwasabouttogooutinacoldwinterevening[1]________myroommatefelloffherbed[2]_______gotseriouslyinjured.IrushedhertoWestchesterMedicalCenter,whereshestayedunconsciousforquiteawhile.Finallyshewasawake.Afriend[3]______Idecidedtovisither,[4]_____weboughtsomeflowersandwereonourway.Afterquicklyparkingthecarandsigningin,wereachedherroom,[5]______onlyafewminuteswereallowedwithher.Prettysoonafterourarrival,wewereaskedtoleavebythenurses.Weheadedouttothecar.Littledidweknowthatwehadtopayforparking.Wehadnomoneyasidefromasparedollar[6]______twoleftfromourlunchmoneythatday.Neithershe[7]________Iknewwhattodo.Averysweet-heartedwomanclearedherthroat,saying“Excuseme”inordertocatchmyattention.Shehandedmea$20bill.Iinsistedthatsheshouldgivemehernameandaddress[8]______Iwillcertainlypayherback.Sherefused.Ithankedherforhergenerosity[9]_______toldhimhowmuchitwasappreciated.Sheturnedtome[10]_________repliedwithonesentence,“Thankyou;Itisbeingabletohelpyou[11]_________makesmehappytoo.”Key:1.when2.and3.and4.so5.but6.or7.nor8.and9.and10.and11.that二、并列句与强调句考点精讲：并列句与强调句考点1、常用的并列连词and（和），aswellas（既……又），both…and（不但…而且），notonly…butalso（不但……而且），not…but（不是……而是），neither…nor（既不……也不），either…or（不是……就是），or（或者），but（但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）；连接副词有：still,yet,however,therefore,then等。例如：考点对点练1、在空格处填上适当的连词1.Thesamegoesfornaturalfibers;thequalitycounts,ofcourse,itislessimportantifyouthrowawayclotheswithinafewmonthsfromtimeofpurchase.Themostimportantthingistomakethemlast.Key:but【解析】考查并列连词。句意：对于天然的纤维制品也是如此，质量很重要。但是如果买了几个月就扔掉的话，质量就没那么重要。分析句子可知，前一句强调品质的重要性，后一句阐述某些条件下，质量就变得没那么重要，前后句属于转折关系，故用but。2.You'rewellpreparedforthejobinterview,__________there'snoneedforyoutogetsonervous.Key:so【解析】考查并列句，句意“你为工作面试做了充分的准备，因此你没有必要变得如此紧张”3.Theworstpartwasthatthecuteboystoppedtowatchallhappen.Whatanembarrassing___________dangerousday!Key:so【解析】句意：多么尴尬又危险的一天啊！根据句意可知，此处是并列关系。故填and。4.Notonlydidreadingenrichherknowledgebut__________improvedherlearningscores.Key:also【解析】考查并列句“notonlybutalso”，句意“阅读不仅丰富了她的知识，而且提高了她的学习成绩（分数）”5.Schoolinthecitiesarewellequipped,________thoseinthecountrysidearepoor.Key:while【解析】句意：城市的学校设备齐全，而农村的学校则很穷。由句意可知，前后两句表对比，用并列连词while（然而、但）。6.Iwasabouttogoout___________________Tomcametovisitme.Key:when【解析】句意：“我正要出去这时Tom来看我了”。考查句式“beabouttodowhen正要做某事这时突然”,根据句意和句式可知填when.并列句与强调句考点2、并列句的句型祈使句，and+陈述句EG:Workharder,andyouwillmakegreaterprogress.更加努力学习，你就会取得更大的进步。名词（词组），and+陈述句EG:Onemoreeffort,andyouwillsucceed.在努力一把，你就会成功。祈使句，or/orelse/otherwise+陈述句EG:Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.赶紧，不然你就赶不上火车了。考点对点练2、在空格处填上适当的连词Findmorechancestopraiseyourchildrenoften,__________you'llfindtheyarewillingtocommunicatewithyou.Key:and【解析】考查“祈使句+and”句式，句意“找到更多机会经常去表扬的你的孩子们，你就会发现他们愿意和你交流”。前后句之间是顺承关系，故用and.2.Followyourdoctor’sadvice,________yourcoughwillgetworse.Key:or/otherwise【解析】句意：“听从医生的建议，否则你的咳嗽会更厉害”。本题是祈使句+and/or+简单句结构，前后句是转折关系用or。3.Abitmoreeffort,_____________youwillmakemuchmoreprogress.Key:and【解析】考查“名词（词组），and+陈述句“”，句意“再多点努力，你就会取得更大的进步”。并列句与强调句考点3、强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。EG:ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.EG:WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?EG:Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?注意：强调句型的判断：去掉Itis/was与that看句子是否仍然完整。not…until…句型的强调句：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分EG：普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.强调句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.3、谓语动词的强调：要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did+动词原形.EG：Dositdown.务必请坐。EG：Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他确实给你写了信。EG：Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊!考点对点练3、在空格处填上适当的词1.Itwasinaremotecountrysidewheretheyusedtolive_______myparentsmeteachotherandgotmarried.Key:that【解析】句意：我父母是在他们过去生活的遥远山村里结婚的。注意where引导的是定语从句，先行词是aremotecountryside，在从句中作地点状语；空格处是强调句型Itis…that…，强调地点状语inaremotecountryside，故用that。2.AtthatspecialmomentIknewthetruth:_______isbygrowingourheartswithlovethatwefindourhappiness.Key:it【解析】句意：在那个时刻我理解了真相：只有用爱来培育我们的心灵，我们才能找到幸福。此处考查强调句，即itis+强调部分+that…，故填it。3.Wasitinthisroom_____hemadethedecisionthathewouldbreakawayfromhisfamily?Key:that【解析】句意：就是在这个房间里，他做出了与家人分离的决定吗?空格处是强调句式：Itis(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who(that)。强调地点状语inthisroom，填that；名词decision“决定”后面的that从句是同位语从句，句意和句子结构完整。4.John'ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkhasmadehimwhatheistoday.Key:that【解析】句意：他的成功与运气没有关系，是多年的努力造就了他的今天。强调句型的基本结构为：Itis+被强调部分+that+其余部分。判断是否为强调句型的方法为：去掉itis和that之后剩余部分正好构成完整的句子即为强调句型。该句强调主语：yearsofhardwork；故填that。5.Inhisspeech,hesaidthatitwashisprimaryschoolteachersthathewasfondof________influencedhiswholelife.Key:who/that【解析】句意为：在演讲中，他说是他喜欢的小学老师影响了他的一生。分析句子结构可知，句中采用的是强调句式，其中被强调的部分是“hisprimaryschoolteachersthathewasfondof”，指人，故填who或that。6.Do____________(let)yourmotherknowallthetruthSheappearstohavebeentoldeverything.Key:let【解析】句意为“一定要告诉你母亲真相，她似乎已经知道了一切”，前一句是强调句“do/does或did+动词原形”，do后面要用动词原形，故填“let”。7.Itwasnot________aSaturdayafternooninMaythatMargaretcouldarrangeformetomeethereldersister.Key:until【解析】句意为“只到5月的一个星期六的下午，Margaret才能安排我和她姐姐见面”。本题考查not…until…的强调句，构成Itis/wasnotuntil+从句+that+主句结构，故填until。并列句与强调句考点4、其它句式（therebe...,感叹句等）therebe句型:、变式句式：thereusedtobe;thereremainstobe;therelives/stands/exists/lies...;thereseems/appearstobe(似乎有...)2）、therebe句型中的主谓一致：就近原则改错：Therearea

hat

andtwopairsofsocks

in

thebox.Key:are--is3）、改错：Thereusedtohaveatalltreeinfrontofmyhouse.Key:have--be

感叹句常见考查形式

1）.What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+。

EG:The

little

boy

came

riding

full

speed

down

the

motorway

on

his

bicycle.

What

a

dangerous

scene

it

was!(2007上海）

2).What+adj+不可数名词+！

EG:What

fine

weather

it

is!

3).What+adj+可数名词复数+！

EG:What

beautiful

flowers

they

are!

4).How+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+！EG:

How

clever

a

boy

he

is!

5).How+adj/adv+主语+谓语+！EG：How

delicious

these

cakes

are!考点对点练4、用what,how填空(需要的地方可以加上冠词))._____________difficult

homework

we

had

yesterday!2).________cute

dog

it

is!

3).________

interesting

the

story

is!

4).________

bad

the

weather

in

England

is!

5)._______

honest

boy

Tom

is

！

6)._______

tasty

smell

the

cake

gave

off!

7)._______

good

time

we

had

on

the

beach

yesterday!三、并列句与强调句应考技巧：1、在语法填空题中，一要注意并列句之间的逻辑关系，二要善于判断强调句型。2、在语法改错题中，重点关注连接词的误用和主谓一致性。3、准确判断句型结构四、并列句与强调句考点精练(一)并列句与强调句单句语法填空1.【2021·全国甲卷·语法填空】Mybikewasoldandshaky

7

didthejob.Key:but【解析】考查并列连词。此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃，但是能用。所以是转折的关系，故填but。2.【2021·新高考I卷·语法填空】Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

7

offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.Key:and【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行连接；同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。3.【2021·浙江卷·语法填空】AlthoughMarylovedflowers,___7___shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Key:neither【解析】考查并列连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。4.【2020·新高考Ⅰ卷】Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.Key:or【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意“他们把收藏品保存在家中直到收藏数量过大或者直到他们去世”可知填入表示选择关系的并列连词or。5.【2019·全国卷Ⅱ】IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67.becauseIwantto.”

Key:but【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构并根据句意“我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作”可知使用了固定搭配“not...but...不是……而是……”。6.isnodoubtthathumanactivities,whichdogreatharmtotheenvironment,arethemaincause.

Key:There【解析】句意:毫无疑问,对环境非常有危害的人类活动是主要原因。Thereisnodoubtthat...为固定句型,意为“毫无疑问……”。7.Itwasn’tuntilinhighschoolIbegantotrustotherpeopleagain.

Key:that【解析】句意:直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查“Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分”句型,所以填that。8.【2018·天津单选改编】Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse___________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.Key:that【解析】【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。本题强调时间状语onlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse。9.【2018·北京单选改编】Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________（press）thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.Key:press【解析】考查“祈使句+and主语+谓语”句式。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，故填press。10.【2017·天津卷单选改编】ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment______Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.Key:that【解析】试题分析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词Itwas开头，后面连词首选that，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉Itwas和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故填that。11.【2016·全国卷III】InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called＂ricebowl＂culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Key:and12.【2016·上海卷】Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress_____doesyouharm.Key:that13.【2014·全国卷I】Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdaysevenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofworktoreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Key:or14.【2014·全国卷II】Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.Key:and15.(2016·全国I卷改编)Itcouldbeanything,butwhateveritis，(make)sureit'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.Key:make16.seemstobeanintensecompetitionamongstudentstoenterakeyuniversity.Key:There17.Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeoneyoubecomefullyawareofhowmuchyouvaluehim.Key:that18.Theparentsdidn'ttoleratetheirkids'rudenessattheparty,northeyallowthemselvestobedisobeyed.Key:did19.【2017·天津卷改编】ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment______Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.Key:that20.【2015·湖南卷改编】Always________（keep）inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.Key:keep21.【2015·天津卷】OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheoffice______sherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.Key:did22.【2014·天津卷】Givemeachance,________I’llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.Key:and(二)并列句与强调句单句改错1.【2021·成都三诊·短文改错】Hewasverygratefulbutthankedmeagainandagain.Key:but→and【解析】考查并列连词。句意：他非常感激，一次又一次地感谢我。“Hewasverygrateful”和“thankedmeagainandagain”构成并列关系，所以应用and。故将but改为and。【2021·东北三校二模·短文改错】Onthedayoftheelection,IhadtogiveaspeechinfrontoftheentiregradebutItalkedaboutwhyIwouldmakeagoodpresident.Key:but→and【解析】句意：在选举那天，我要在全班面前发表演讲，谈论我为什么会成为一个好的学年主席。根据句意，前后为并列关系。故but改成and。【2021·齐齐哈尔市三模·短文改错】WhenIfeeldown,butsheneverleavesmealone.Key:删除but【解析】句意：当我沮丧的时候，她从不离开我。此处是when引导的时间状语从句，不能再用并列连词，故将but删除。注意：两个用逗号隔开的句子只能用一个连词连接。【2021•兰州市三诊•短文改错】Iamout-goingandwanttomakemorefriends,becauseIjoinedsomeclubs.Key:because→so【解析】句意：我是外向的，想多交些朋友，因此我加入了一些俱乐部。前后是因果关系，前因后果，故将because改为so。【2020·全国卷I】FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.Key:but→and【解析】考查连词。句意：首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边。Icutthetomatoesintopieces与putthemaside之间是并列关系，应使用and连接，故将but改为and。【2020·全国卷II】Actually,IstartedtolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold,forIhavelongbeenoutofpractice.Key:for→but/yet【解析】考查连词。句意：但我早就不练习了。分析句子，此处前句提到“我7岁开始学功夫”，后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故将for改为but/yet。【2020·全国卷III】Inordertomakesureallofusareingoodhealth,andshemakesspecificplansforus.Key:去掉and【解析】考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面inorderto…作目的状语，不用连词and，所以去掉and。【2019·全国卷I】Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Key:but→and【解析】考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。WhenIstudiedchemistryathighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.Key:or→and【解析】考查连词。句意：在高中学化学的时候，我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定变成一名医生。“重新考虑”与“决定变成一名医生”之间是顺承关系，不是选择关系。故将or改为and。Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,butheagreed.Key:but→and【解析】考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。11.—English

has

a

large

vocabulary,

hasn't

it?

—Yes,

learning

more

words

and

expressions

and

you

will

find

it

easier

to

read

and

communicate.key:learning--learn

12.Going

straight

on

and

you'll

see

a

church.

You

won't

miss

it.

Going--Go13.【2015·全国卷I】In

the

countryside

the

air

is

clean

or

the

mountains

are

green.

or--and14.What

wonderful