2022年新版职称英语考试真题及答案理工类B级

职称英语理工类B级考试真题第一某些:词汇选项1.TheorganizationwasboldA.pleased参照答案:CA.acceptC.observe参照答案:AA.limit参照答案:B4.MostpeoplefindrejectionhardtA.excuse参照答案:D5.She'sextremelycompetentandindustrious.A.hardworkingC.objective参照答案:AA.hideC.disclose参照答案:C7.Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.A.clear参照答案:CA.messageC.guilt参照答案:B9.PrisonerswerekeptinthemostappA.flexibleC.reasonable参照答案:BA.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthan参照答案:AA.improved参照答案:C12.TherewasasimultaneoustriA.coexisting参照答案:A13.They'repetitioningforbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpubA.requestingC.preparing参照答案:AC.normal参照答案:AA.amount参照答案:D第二某些:阅读判断下面短文后列出了7个句子,请依照短文内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供是对的信息,请选取A;如果该句提供是错误信息,请选取B;如果该句信息文中没有提及,请选取C.(第16—inhaled(吸入)acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'sthefindingofanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe(探查)othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'sTheteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregwoman'sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowagmotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained(长期)mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.ThescientistsalsocanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneAmongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournal16.PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.A.Right参照答案:Bthesubjects'physicalhealth.A.Right参照答案:B18.NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheA.Right参照答案:B19.ThebloodofeachwomanwastesA.Right参照答案:C20.KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.A.Right参照答案:CA.Right参照答案:A22.TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobA.Right参照答案:A第三某些:概括大意与完毕句子下面短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23—26题规定从所给6个选项中为指定段落每段选取1个FirstImage-recognit1)DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreatera2)Thenewsystem,witchwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm(运算法则)forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientienoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel(像素)datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned(收集)fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions(图片阐明),makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchwebhasevolvedfromasmallcollegrowingmultimediadatastet,whereneaapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist(主旨)ofitbylookingatthepicturesininformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentsearch"4)Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic(语testedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries(查询)onadatabaseof50mpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoforiginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.A.PopularityofthenewsystemB.PublicationofthenewdiscoveryC.FunctionofthenewsystemD.ArtificialintelligencesoftwarecreE.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines参照答案:DA.PopularityofthenewsystemB.PublicationofthenewdiscoveryC.FunctionofthenewsystemD.ArtificialintelligencesoftwarecrE.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines参照答案:CA.PopularityofthenewsystemB.PublicationofthenewdiscoveryC.FunctionofthenewsystemD.ArtificialintelligencesoftwarecrE.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines参照答案:EA.PopularityofthenewsystemB.PublicationofthenewdiscoveryC.FunctionofthenewsystemD.ArtificialintelligencesoftwarecrE.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines参照答案:F27.ThenewsystemdoesB.currentpopularsearchenginesD.machinevisionsystemsE.documentsearch参照答案:CB.currentpopularsearchenginesD.machinevisionsystemsE.documentsearch参照答案:E29.WhenperformingdocumentretB.currentpopularsearchenginesD.machinevisionsystemsE.documentsearch参照答案:AB.currentpopularsearchenginesD.machinevisionsystemsE.documentsearch参照答案:B第四某些:阅读理解第一篇:WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?Doesitincreasebloodpressure?Doesithelpyouconcentrate?However,coffeeafTraditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy(树冠)oftallerindigenous(土生土长)trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen'tanytrees.WithincreasedproductUnfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslthere.Furthermore,inthelongtermchemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillkillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.shade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrofriendly."Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemorebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplaA.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.参照答案:AA.thepositiveeffecC.somethingthatis参照答案:B33.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebringabout?A.Moreinsects.C.Largerfarms.参照答案:D34.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?参照答案:B35.Thefull-sunmethodmayaffectthefollowinA.insects.C.brids.参照答案:BAgriculturalresearchfundingisvitaliftheworldistofeeditselfbetterthanitdoesnow.Dr.TonyFischer,cropscientist,saiddemandwasgrowingat2.5%peryearbutwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead.significantprogressistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutrition(营养不良)andResearchisneededtosolvefoodprproblems.Securelocalfoodsuppliesledtoeconomicgrowthwhichisturn,slowedpopulationgrowth.Dr.Fischerpaintedapictureoftheworld'sabilitytofeeditselfinthefirst25years,whentheworld'spopulationisexpectedtoriprobablyholdorimprovebutthere'llstillbealotofhungrypeople.Thebiggestconcentrationofpattern.Ifthereisanychange,asligheimprovementwillbeseeninsouthernAsia,butnotinsub-SaharanAfrica.ThemajorimprovementwillbeinEastAsia,SouthAmericaandSouth-EastAsia.Thedebelopingworldwasinvestingabout0.5%,or$8billionayear,ofitsagriculdomesticproduct(GDP)onresearchanddevelopedworldwasspending2.5%ofitsGDP.Dr.Fischersaidmorewasneededfromallcountries.productionresearchhavingspin-offs(有用副产品)forMexico,Chihaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently."Dr.FiscYieldsofrice,wheatadmaize(玉米)havegrownimpressivelyinthepast3developingcountries.Forexample,maizeproductionrosefrom2to8tonnesperhectarebetween1950and1995.Buttechnologiesdrivingthisgrowthsuchashigh-yieldvarieties,fertilizerirrigation,werebecomingexhausted."Ifyouwanttosavethelandforestsandwildlife,you'regoingtohavetoincreaseyield."Dr.Fischersaid.A.Shortageoffoodsupplies.B.Developmentofagriculturaltechnologies.C.Impactofagriculturalresearch.D.Expectationofpopulationgrowth.参照答案:C37.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheworld'sagriculturalresearchfunding?A.Itisincreasingamongdevelopedcountries.B.Itisdecreasingworldwide.C.Lessisdemandedfromdevelopingcountries.参照答案:B38.WhatisthepictureofAsia'sfoodsuppliesinthefirst25yeA.Foodshortagewilln参照答案:C39.WhatdoesDr.Fischersayabout参照答案:B40.ItcanbeinferedfromthelastpaA.thereisademandforsavinglandfornon-agriculturalactivities.B.cropproductionisgrowingfasterindevel参照答案:A第三篇:DangersawaitbabieswithaltitudeWomenwholiveintheworld'shighestcommunitiestendtogivebirthtounder-weightbabies,aclearwhetherthisisduetoreducedoxygenlevelsathighaltitudeorbecausetheirmothersareTofindoutmore,DinoGiussaniandhisteamatCambridgeUniversitystudiedtherecordsof400birthsinBoliviaduring1976and1998.Thebabieswereborninbothrichandpoorareasoftwocities:LaPazandSantaCruz.LPazisthehighestcityintheworld,at3.65kilometersaboveseathaninSantaCruz.Thiswastrueinbothhighandlow-incomefamilies.EvenbabiesborntopoorfamiliesinSantaCruzwereheavieronaveragethanbabiesborntowealthyfamiliesinloftyLaPaz."Wewereverysurprisedbythisresult,"saysGiutriggerthereleaseorsuppressionofhormonesthatregulategrowthoftheunbornchild,"saysGiussani.theirbodies.ThisisprobablybecauseafetusstarvedofoxygenwillsendoxygenatedbloodtothePazmightbepronetohearttroubleinadulthood,forexample.Lowbirthweightisariskfactorfor41.Whatdoesthenewstudydiscover?A.BabiesborntowealthC.Newbornsincitiesarelighterthanavera参照答案:B42.Giussaniandhisteamaresurethat.B.peoplelivingathighaltitudestendtogivebirC.thebirthweightofbabiesborntowealthyfamiliesisS参照答案:AA.thefindingwasunexpectedB.hewasverytired.C.thestudytooklongerthanexpected.参照答案:A44.TheresultsofthestudyindicatethereasonfortheunderweA.lackofcertainnutrition.C.differentfamilyback参照答案:D45.Itcanbelearnedaboutformtheparagraphthat.B.under-weightbabieshaveashorterlifespan.D.newbornwealthyfamilieshav参照答案:B第五某些:补全短文下面短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请依照短文内容将其分别放回原AvoidingtrafficjamsinLosAngelesmaybeimpossible,butthecity'scolorfulfreewaymurals(壁画)canbrighteneventheworstcommute.Paintingsthatdepict(描述)famouspeopleandhistoricalscenescoverofficebuildingsandfreewaywallsallacrossthecity.Withacollectionofmorethan2,000murals,LosAngelesistheunofficialmuralcapitalofthewButthecombinationofgraffiti(涂鸦),pollution,andhotsunhasleftmanyL.A.muralsinterriblecondition.(46)Inthepast,expertssay,littleattentionwasgiventocaringforpublicart.Artistswereevenexpectedtomaintaintheirownworks,notaneasytaskwithcarsracingbyalongthe L.A.artistsbegantostudyearly20th-centuryMexicanmuralpainting.ThemostfamousmuralinthecityisJudithBaca's"Thigh)paintingthatrunsforhalfamile(0.8kilometer)inNorthHollywood,(49)ittookeightyearstocomplete—400underprivilegedteenagerspaintedthedesigns—andisprobablytheOneofthemuralsthatwillberestorednowisKentTwitchellofgatewaythroughwhichthetravelertoL.A.mustdrive.Theopenhandsrepresentpeace.”museum,"Muralsgiveavoicetothesilentmajority,"saidoneartist.A.Thecitytryingtostopthespreadofgraffiti,haspaintedoversomeofthemuralscomplete.B.ThisstrikingworkdepictstwopeoplefacingeachotheronoppositesidesofthefreewaynearF.Soon,theirmuralsbecameasymbolofthecity'sculturalexpressionsandashowcaseforL.A.'s46.参照答案:A47.参照答案:D48.参照答案:C49.参照答案:E50.参照答案:B第六某些:完形填空ComposerDavidCopeistheinventorofmusic.IttookCope30yearstodevelopthesoftware.Nowmostpeoplecan'tdifferencebetweenmusicbythefamousGermancomposerJ.S.Bach(1685-1750)andtheBach-likecompositionsfromCope'scomputeItallstartedin1980intheUnitedStates,whenCopewastryingtowriteanopera.Hewashaving (52)thinkingofnewmelodies,sohewroteacomputerprogramtocreatethemelodies.Atfirstthismusicwas