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浙江省嘉兴市嘉善县2023年考研《英语一》预测试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Footracing(竞走)isapopularactivityintheUnitedStates.Itisnotonlyseenasacompetitivesport,butalsoasa1toexercise.Though2runnersmayspendmonthstrainingtocompete,otherrunnersandwalkersmightnottrainatal1.3notcompetingtowinmightruninaneffortto4theirowntime,or5toenjoythefunandexercise.Peopleofall6,fromthoselessthanoneyearoldtothoseintheir80s,7intothissport.Theracesareheldoncitystreets,oncollegecampuses,8parks,andinsuburbanareas,andcommonly5to10kilometersin9.Thelargestfootraceintheworldisthe12-kilometerBaytoBreakers10thatisheldinSanFranciscoeveryspring.Thisrace11ontheeastsideofthecitynearSanFranciscoBayandendsonthe12sideatthePacificOcean.In1993therewere80,000people13inthisracethroughthestreetsandhillsofSanFrancisco.Inthe14aretheseriousrunnerswhocompetetowin,and15mightfinishinaslittleas34minutes.Behindthem16thethousandswhotakeseveralhourstofinish.Inthebackoftheracearethosewhowearvariousclothingjustfor17.Therewasagroupoffirefighterswhowereall18inalonglineandwerecarryingafire-hose(消防水龙带).Oneyeartherewasawedding19.inwhichthebridedressedinalongwhitedressandthegroomworeatuxedo(晚礼服).They20flowerstoby-standers,andwereactuallymarriedatsomepointalongtheroute.1、A.plan B.design C.sport D.way2、A.serious B.amateur C.famous D.ordinary3、A.Others B.These C.Those D.Ones4、A.save B.beat C.waste D.value5、A.finally B.simply C.partly D.certainly6、A.ages B.walks C.sorts D.nations7、A.turn B.1ook C.break D.enter8、A.across B.over C.through D.on9、A.size B.1ength C.depth D.height10、A.race B.city C.ground D.ceremony11、A.holds B.goes C.begins D.carries12、A.north B.south C.east D.west13、A.signing B.helping C.watching D.running14、A.beginning B.front C.course D.process15、A.who B.what C.which D.As16、A.stay B.fall C.are D.stand17、A.fun B.medal C.win D.prize18、A.wrapped B.followed C.separated D.tied19、A.dinner B.party C.day D.invitation20、A.sold B.presented C.threw D.DonatedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Babbage,borninLondonin1791,wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.Whenhefinishedschool,hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Later,hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingthere,hedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”.Thiswas,basically,ahand-operatedmechanicalcalculator.Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.It’sabasicmechanicalcomputer.Babbagedreamed,however,ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact,hedidn’tonlydream;hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpowerfulcomputers!Hisdesignscontainedprocessors,controlunits,amemory,andaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!Alas!His“seconddifferenceengine”couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn’tyetbecomeausablesourceofpower,soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreason,themachinewasbig,complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine,hecouldn’tbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon,fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhigh-techmillionaire,whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum,inCalifornia.Babbage’sanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(纺织)industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns,buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime!1、WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”?A.InLondonB.AthighschoolC.AtCambridgeD.InScienceMuseum2、Whatdoweknowabouthis“seconddifferenceengine”?A.IttookhimnineyearstobuilditB.ItwasfaraheadofitstimeC.ItsdeigncameoutinhisdreamsD.Itspowersourcewaselectricity3、The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991____________.A.foranAmericanmillionaireB.inmemoryofBabbageC.totestitsabilitytouseelectricityD.fortextileindustrytomakepatterns4、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Babbage’senginesdidn’trunonprogramsB.TextilepatternsareproducedwithprogramsC.BabbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputersD.Babbage’sanalyticalengineswereneverbuiltText2Abillionairehasrecentlymadeoneofthebiggestcharitable(慈善的)donationstoauniversityinChina’shistory.ChenTianqiaodonated$115milliontotheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(Caltech)tohelpadvancedbrainresearch.Thedonationwillbespentdeepeningtheunderstandingofhowthebrainworks.Chenhasbeeninterestedtobrainresearch,believingitcanshapetheindustriessuchasartificialintelligenceandvirtualreality.However,thishugedonationhascausedheateddiscussingamongChinesescholarsandinternetusersalike.Manycriticizedhimforchoosingtogivemoneytoaforeignuniversityratherthanhomeinstitutesforbrainresearch,whicharedevelopingfastandareontracktocatchupwiththeUSinjustafewyears.RaoYi,abiologistatPekingUniversity,evensaidthedonationwasatypicalmistake.Others,however,supporthischoice.TheybelieveCaltechisamorereasonablechoicecomparedtoChineseresearchinstitutions.Caltechhasalonghistoryandhastakenaleadingpositioninbiology,andthereforeitproducesmoreefficientresults.Inaddition,theresultsoftheresearchbenefitnotonlytheAmericanpeople,butalsotherestoftheworld.AsimilarcontroversialcasestartedtwoyearsagowhenPanShiyi,chairmanofSOHOChina,donated$15milliontoHarvardUniversitytohelpdisadvantagedChinesestudents.ManybelievethatChinaisstillbehindinthemanagementanduseofdonatedmoney,andthatasaresult,Chinesecharitydonatorsarelookingabroad.Incomparison,WesterncountriesliketheUS,whichhavealonghistoryofdonatingmoney,havewell-developedsystemsthatusemoneyefficiently.Theycanalsoprovidefullaccessfordonorswhowanttotracktheuseofthemoney.Togetmoredonations,Chineseuniversitiesshouldbebraverandmorehonest.Theyneedself-reflection,ratherthanenvy.1、WhydidChen’sdonationdrawcriticism?A.ItwasnotgiventoaChineseuniversity.B.ItwasoneofthelargesttoCaltech.C.ItwasnotusedefficientlyintheUSA.D.Itwasusedinbrainresearch.2、WhatisthereasonforsomepeopleinfavorofChen’schoice?A.TheChinesearejusttooenviousB.TheachievementswillbenefitthewholeworldC.CaltechisauniversitywithalongerhistoryD.ThefundcanhelpdisadvantagedChinesestudents3、Whatisthenauthor’spurposetomentionPanShiyiinthepassage?A.TosuggesttheenthusiasmofthebillionairesB.ToshowoffgenerosityofthebillionairesC.ToinformChinesestudentsarepooratacademyD.Tostressthedisagreementoverdonatingabroad.4、WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheChineseuniversitiesshoulddotogetmorefund?A.exploreartificialintelligenceB.developefficientsystemsC.growfastandcatchupwiththeUSD.educatemorehonestgraduatesText3Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents’pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents’completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.Inthisarticle,I’lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen’shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild’sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they’llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.1、Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparentteenwartoaborderconflict?A.Bothcancontinueforgenerations.B.Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.C.Neitherhasanyclearwinner.D.Neithercanbeputtoanend.2、WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.C.Theteensaccusetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.D.Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.3、Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto__________.A.giveorderstotheother B.knowmorethantheotherC.gainrespectfromtheother D.gettheothertobehaveproperly4、Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Causesfortheparent-teenconflictsB.Examplesoftheparent-teenwarC.Solutionstotheparent-teenproblemsD.Futureoftheparent-teenrelationshipText4Theworld’srichestmanmightseemtohaveitall,butBillGateshasoneregret.Theself-madebillionairesaidhefeltstupidfornotknowinganyforeignlanguages.SpeakinginhisthirdAskMeAnythingquestion-and-answersessionforonlineforumReddit(红迪网),theMicrosoftfoundersaidthathewishedhespokeFrench,ArabicorChinese.Hesaid:“ItookLatinandGreekinhighschoolandgotA’sandIguessithelpsmyvocabulary.Ikeephopingtogettimetostudyoneofthese—probablyFrenchbecauseitistheeasiest.IdidDuolingoforawhilebutdidn’tkeepitup.”Gates,whoisworth$79.3billion,praisedFacebookfounderMarkZuckerbergforsurprisinganaudienceinBeijingwhenhespokefluentChinese.“MarkZuckerbergamazinglylearnedChineseanddidaQ&AwithChinesestudents—unbelievable,isn’tit?”hesaidThisisn’tthefirsttimeforGatestoadmithisregretoverlanguage.Healsoshowedhishabitsathomeandpersonalinsights.LastFebruary,Gatessaidhelikestodothedisheshimself—tohisownspecialstandardseverynightandalsotoldtheinterviewerthathiswife,Melinda,wouldlikelywantSamuelL.Jacksontoplayherhusbandinabiopic(传记片).Healsoadmittedthathewouldpickupa$100billifhefounditonthestreet.AshetookthetopspotonForbes(福布斯)28thAnnualBillionaireslistlastyearforthefourthtime,hesaidheisprettybasicwhenitcomestospendingonclothesandfood,butthatheenjoysinvestinginshoesandracquets(球拍)whenheplaystennis.Whenaskedalifelessonhehadtolearnthehardway,thebillionairesaidstayinguptoolateisahabitheisstilltryingtobreak.“Don’tstayuptoolateevenifthebookisreallyexciting.Youwillregretitinthemorning.Pamstillworkingonthisproblem.”hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnInterviewwithBillGates B.HowBillGatesSucceededC.BillGates’Regret D.TheRichestBillionaire2、TheunderlinedpartinParagraph8mayactuallymeanthat_____.A.itisimportanttolayagoodfoundationoflifeB.foodandclothingarebasicneedsforpeople’slifeC.hedoesn’tspendmuchmoneyonfoodandclothesD.henevercaresaboutbuyingfoodandclothing3、WhatadvicedidBillGatesgive?A.Avoidstayinguptoolate.B.Beagoodlanguagelearner.C.Dothedishesyourselfathome.D.Pickupthe$100billsinthestreets.4、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.BillGatesisalsothefounderofFacebook.B.BillGatestoppedthelistofForbes28times.C.BillGateswasgoodatlearninglanguagesinhighschoo1.D.BillGates’wifewantsSamueltoplayagamewithGates.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Paper-cuttingwasrecognizedasanationalculturalheritage(遗产)in1.Accordingtoexperts,paper-cuttingconveystheculture2.(share)betweenChinaandtheWesttowishforfamilyreunionsandkeeplinkswithlovedones,aliveordeadInthemovieCoco,forinstance,the12-year-oldMiguelandhisfamilydanceandsingtocelebratetheDayoftheDead,atraditionalfestivalinMexico,3.colorfulpaper-cutsarehungonthestreetChinesepeoplealsocutimagesofsmallfigurestocallbackthespiritsofthedeadThe4.(differ)isthatmostChinesepaper-cutsarered,whilethoseinothercountries5.(make)inmanyothercolorsFairytalewriterHansChristianAndersenlikedtocut6.(character)outofpaperwhile7.(tell)storiestochildrenInChina,femalefriendsandfamilymembersusedtochatandmakepaper-cutstogether“Thoughthepatternsandcolorsmaybedifferent,paper-cutssharethesamefunctionofkeepingemotionaltiesamongpeople,”saysYangHuizi,8.artteacheratBeijingUnionYang9.(study)thepaper-cuttingartforoveradecadeBesidesroutineuniversitycourses,shealsoorganizesnonprofitpaper-cuttingactivitiesthatareopen10.thepublicinBeijingtopromote11.(base)knowledgeofpaper-cuttingWithonlyabout1,800onesleftinthewild,allgiantpandasarepreciousHowever,Qizai,1.seven-year-oldpandathatlivesattheFopingPandaValleyinChina’sShaanxiprovince,isevenmoresoThat’sbecauseheisamongahandfulofgiantpandas2.(know)tobetheonlyone3.brownandwhitefurinthereserveThe220-poundQizaihasbecomeasuperstar,andmany4.(toy)inhiscolorhavebeenmadeHowever,lifehasnotalwaysbeeneasyforhimItwaswhenhewasjusttwomonthsoldthatQizaiwasabandonedbyhismotherHespenthisearlyyearsattheShaanxiRareWildlifeRescueCenterThenhe5.(send)tohiscurrenthome,6.thereweremanyothergiantpandasHowever,theotherpandasseemed7.(dislike)himandoftenbullied(欺负)himbystealinghisbambooResearchersarenotsurewhyQizaihasdifferentfurSomeassumethatthebrownfurisaresultofageneproblemand8.(discover)byobservingQizai’schildrenSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Everybodyinthisworldisdifferentfromoneanother.Butdoyouknowthatunderstandingdifferencescanhelpyoubettermanageyourmoney?Aswegrowup,wegraduallydevelopasetofourownvaluesorbeliefs.Theseareinfluencedbysociety,ourfamily,theeducationwereceiveandsoon.1、Financialexpertssaythateveryonealsohastheirownbeliefsofhowtomanagetheirfinances.Thisispartofourvaluesystemandithasagreatimpactonthewaywelookafterourmoney.2、Theyare:theant,thecricketandthesnail.Theant—worksfirst3、Theyworkveryhardandsavemoneytheyearnsothattheycanenjoylifewhentheygetoldandretire.Theantlovestosavebuttheycouldmakemoreoutoftheirmoneyiftheywerewillingtoinvestinsomefundsandstockswithlowrisk.Thecricket—enjoysfirstThecricketwantstoenjoyeverythingnowanddoesn’tthinktoomuchaboutthefuture.Theyevenborrowmoneywhentheyreallywantsomething.4、Thesepeoplehavelittlesavings.Whentheygetold,theymighthaveproblems.Theyshouldlearntosaveandbuyinsurance.Thesnail—livesunderpressure5、Theytakebiglong-termloansfromthebankinordertobuythingssuchasluxuryhouses.Theyarehappytotakebigloanseventhoughtheyarenotsurewhethertheycanaffordit.A.Manyyoungpeoplenowbelongtothisgroup.B.Ontheotherhand,manyoldpeoplebelongtothisgroup.C.Accordingtoourdifferentvalues,expertsputusinthreecategories.D.Thesnailreferstopeoplewhomakelifedifficultforthemselves.E.Oncethisvaluesystemissetup,it’snoteasytochangelaterinlife.F.Differentfromants,cricketsarethosewhomaketheirlifeoverburdened.G.Justlikeantswhoworkheartandsoulinsummerinordertostorefoodforwinter,thesepeopledon’tcareaboutenjoyingthemoment.Foroveronehundredandfiftyyears,Americansofallsocialclasseshavewornbluejeans.
1、.Whethertheyarewornforworkorforfashiontoday,Strauss'inventioncontinuestobepopularnotonlyamongAmericansbutalsoamongpeoplearoundtheworld.LevisStrausswasborninGermanyin1829.
2、.HegrewupinKentuckybeforemovingtoNewYorkin1847,
beforebecominganAmericancitizenandmovingtotheWestin1853,Straussworkedinhisbrother'sdrygoodsbusiness.Thisgavehimachancetop
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