高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)

英语名词性从句NounClause2021/5/91Review:英语句子的种类有两种，按句子的用途可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。

而按句子的结构可分三种：

简单句并列句3)复合句主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语主语+系动词+表语主语+谓语+间宾+直宾主语+谓语+宾语+宾补简单句+并列连词+简单句主句+引导词+从句2021/5/921.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.2.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.3.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldstudystepbystep.4.BothTomandMikeareAmericanboys.5.Hesaidthathehasknownallbefore.请判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：简单句并列句复合句简单句复合句2021/5/93复合句定语从句名词性从句状语从句复合句：主句+引导词+从句2021/5/94起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。请思考定语从句的定义：起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。名词性从句定义2021/5/95RelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisLiMing.主语表语Miss.Liang,a24-year-oldgirl,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语

宾语2021/5/96

1.TheboyisLiMing.2.Whathesaidiscorrect.

.(名词作主语)（从句作主语）1.在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。2021/5/97用it作形式主语的主语从句如果主语从句太长，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。Itisapitythatyoudidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madesatelliteintoorbit.Itdose'tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.2021/5/98

3.Welovepeace.4.Hesaidthathehasknownallbefore.

(名词作宾语)(从句作宾语)2.在句中充当及物动词或介词或be+adj.后宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。2021/5/99Wealwaysmeanwhatwesay.我们向来说话算数。Hegoestothelibraryeverydayexceptwhenitisraining.Heisconfidentthathewillwin.作动词的宾语作介词的宾语作形容词的宾语某些表示心理状态的形容词在句中作表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。2021/5/910It作形式宾语it不仅可以作形式主语，还可以作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的that从句放在句尾，特别是用在带复合宾语的句子中。Ithinkitquiteclearthathepreferredcoffeetotea.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldseekforasolutiontotheproblem.在口语或非正式文体中，引导宾语从句的连词that常可省略。但形式宾语it后面的that不能省略。2021/5/911

5.Youareastudent.6.Thefactisthatsheneverknewthesecret.(名词作表语)(从句作表语)3.在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。2021/5/912注意：Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasillinhospital.其他从属连词引导的表语从句because,as,asif,asthough等也可用来引导表语从句。Thingsarenotastheyseemtobe.事情并不是像它们表面上看起来那样。Ithinkitisbecauseyouaretooserious.Hefeltasthoughhehadgonebackto20yearsago.2021/5/913

7.Miss.Liang,a24-year-oldgirl,teachesusEnglish.8.Thenewsthatourteamhadwonmadeushappy.(名词作同位语)(从句作同位语)

4.

在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句.其用途是对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是news,idea,fact,word,hope,advice等。2021/5/914在英语的句子结构中，如果本该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫__________。主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句名词性从句2021/5/915请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句：WhatIwanttodoistogoshopping.2.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.3.Idon’tthinkthatheisanhonestboy.4.Thefactisthathestolethecar.判断从句的方法：一找引导词划从句二找谓语动词三看从句在主句的位置________________________________________________________(主语从句)(同位语从句)(宾语从句)(表语从句)2021/5/9165.Theproblemiswhatweshoulddonext.6.Thenewsthathecouldn’tcomemakesusupset.7.Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.8.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句(表语从句)(同位语从句)(表语从句)(同位语从句)2021/5/917试区分以下句子Doyouknow

thefact

thathestolethecar?Doyouknow

thefact

that

theyweretalkingabout?注意：1.定语从句，从句是不完整的，关系词充当成分；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。

2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。(同从)(定从)2021/5/918一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1.都跟在名词后；2.都可以翻译成“…的”

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.

我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。（同位语从句）（定语从句）2021/5/919二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1、含义不同：同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明，知道具体内容，指同一件事（可以划等号）；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词，不知道具体内容。e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.

（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2021/5/920二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处2、引导词区别：同位语从句中，that：无成分，用于肯定句；定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.

2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.

（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）（that不充当任何成分）2021/5/921I.Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable.Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.3.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.4.Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent?5.Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks?6.Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence.7.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownon

theway.BBB2021/5/922连接副词（4个）：when、why、where、how引导词从属连词（3个）：that、if、whether连接代词（9个）：who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever、2021/5/923名词性从句引导词的用法（1）：从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:从属连词“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用“if”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用2021/5/9241、Thatwewillrealizeourdreamsinthefutureiscertain.2、ThefactisthatBeijingwillhold29thOlympicGamesthisyear.3、Iknowthatwellbegunishalfdone.4、HeheardthenewsthatLiuxiangsetanewworldrecord.“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）（同位语从句）2021/5/9251、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Theproblemiswhetheryoucouldgiveussomevaluableadvice.3、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.4、CouldyoutellmethequestionwhetherEnglishisusefulforusnow.“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）（同位语从句）2021/5/926If只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。If与whether的区别：1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.请思考：1、Itdependsonweather

ifshewillcomebackontime.2、Iaskedhimifhecoulddomeafavor.2021/5/9271、If只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。2、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if。3、whetherornot连在一起可以，但if不可以。而“whether-----ornot=if-----ornot”If与whether的区别：2021/5/9281、Iaskedher__________

shehadabike.2.______

wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______

theoldmanwillrecoversoon.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether请用if/whether填空：whether2021/5/929连接代词名词性从句引导词的用法（2）：“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用“which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用2021/5/930“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whowillgotothecollegeisstilluncertain.2、Thetroubleiswhocouldlendmesomemoney.3、Hewanttoknowwhopickeduphismobilephone.（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9311、Whomyouwilllearnfromisworththinkingover.2、ThethingIamanxiousaboutiswhomhewillturntoforhelp.3、Hismotheraskedhimwhomhecouldbelievein.“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9321、WhatIdesiretogetisagoodreputation.2、WhathewilltellmeiswhatIhavebeenexpectingtoknow.3、TheyagreewithwhatIsaidjustnow.“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9331、Whichclassissuitableforusisn’tmostimportant.2、Whathewantstoaskyounowiswhichteamwonthegame.3、Couldyoutellmewhichoneisright.“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9341、Whosebagwasthemostbeautifulisstillunknownnow.2、Thequestioniswhosefriendscouldlendmeahand.3、Iwanttoknowwhosesuggestionismorepractical.“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/935名词性从句引导词的用法（3）：连接代词“whomever”--“-----的任何人”、作宾语、“whoever”--“-----的任何人”、作主语、“whatever”--“----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、“whichever”---“无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、2021/5/936“whoever”--“---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whoevercouldsolvetheproblemwillberewarded.2、ThepersonIwillpraiseiswhoevercouldworkoutthequestion.3、Youshouldappreciatewhoeverhelpedyouinthepast.（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/937“whomever”---“---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用1、Whomeveryouwillmeetinthemeetingisexcellent.2、ThepersonIcoulddependoniswhomeveryoubelievein.3、YoushouldlearnfromwhomeverIpraisedyesterday.

（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9381、Whateveryoudidinthepastwasverymeaningful.

2、Whatweshoulddoiswhateverisworthdoing.3、Weshoulddowhateverisworthdoing.

“whatever”--“--的任何东西”、作主表宾语、（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/939“whichever”--“--的哪些或哪个”、作定语1、Whicheverteamwinthegameispossible.2、ThefactiswhicheverteachercouldhelpyoulearnEnglishwell.3、Youcouldchoosewhicheverbookyouwant.（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/940名词性从句引导词的用法（4）：连接副词“why”----“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用“how”-----“如何”、作状语、起连接作用“where”--“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用“when”--“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用2021/5/941“when”--“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用1、Whenthemeetingwillbeginisn’tdecidednow.

2、Thetroubleiswhenhecouldrecoverfromthedisease.3、Heaskeduswhenwewouldgraduatefromtheschool.（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/942“where”--“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用1、WhereIcouldbuythebookisuncertainnow.2、Hisquestionwaswherewewouldholdtheopeningceremony.3、Icouldn’ttellyouwheretheyhavebeenliving.（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9431、Whyhekilledhimselfisstillasecretnow.2、Whatsurprisedmewaswhytheyfailedagain.

3、IjustwanttoaskyouwhyIwasfired.“why”--“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/9441、Howthethiefstolethebikeisstillamystery.2、Whattheprofessoraskeduswashowwecouldmakeourparentshappy.3、IwillgotoaskmyteacherhowIcouldworkouttheproblem.“how”----“如何”、作状语、起连接作用（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）2021/5/945用that/what填空：1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacheris

saying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat2021/5/946___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.A.Which;belongtoB.As,belongedtoC.What;belongingtoD.It;belongingto名词性从句练习50题：2021/5/9474.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.AThatB.whileC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave2021/5/9487.____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because8.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What/whyB.That/whatC.What/becauseD.Why/that9.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis__hewaspunished!A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason2021/5/94910.___hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever11.Informationhasbeenputforward__moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.thatB.howC.whereD.what12.___isnopossibility___Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,which2021/5/95013.–IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.--Isthat___youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where14.Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s___.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited2021/5/95115.__fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which16.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly__hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that17.Wemadethesuggestionthathe___hiswork.A.continuesB.continueC.continuedD.hadcontinued2021/5/95218.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever19.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)20.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever2021/5/95321.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor’sstatement_____wouldsupportataxcut.andheB.wasthatheC.whichheD.thathe22._____manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That23.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.HoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2021/5/95424.Canyoumakesure___thegoldrings?A.whereshehasputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehadputD.wherehassheput25.Thereasonthathehasbeensucceeding___henevergivesup.A.isB.isbecauseC.isthatD.iswhat26.______breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.WhoeverB.NomatterwhoC.anyone.D.who

2021/5/95527.Thatis___Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway.A.whyB.reasonwhyC.howD.what28.Do___youthinkisright,___difficultiesyoumayhave.A.what;howeverB.that;whateverC.whatever;whoeverD.what;whatever29.Theworkersconsidereditimportant___thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise.A.whetherB.howC.whereD.which2021/5/95630.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether31.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis___Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how32.Difficultylies___wehavenomoney.

A.thatB.inthatC.inthefactD.inthefactthat33.Idon’tthinkthequestionof___theyareoldoryoungisimportant.A.whichB.whetherC.howD.why2021/5/95734.Itmakesnodifference___youwillgotodayortomorrow.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what35._____shouldbesenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould2021/5/95836.Thenews____LincolnwasmurderedfilledtheAmericanpeople’sheartswithdeepsorrow.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how37.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeveryonepresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter38.Idon’ttrusthispromise___hewillbuymeanewcar.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that

2021/5/95939.Sherec