Unit 2 Be sporty be healthy Period 1 单元知识详解(分层练习)高一英语上学期(译林版2020)

Unit2Besporty,behealthyPeriod1单元知识详解练习Ⅰ.单词拼写1.I’mdelightedtolearnthatyou’vebeenadmittedintotheConfuciusInstitute.____________(恭喜)!2.Youshouldnot____________(认为)thatallmenandwomenthinkalike.3.____________(此外),singingChinesefolksongswillhelpyouhaveagoodunderstandingofChinesemusic.4.Asateacher,mydaily____________(惯例)includesdrivingtoanewschoolalmosteveryday.5.Sportscanenrichourlifeand____________(保持)ourpsychologicalhealth.6.Thecourse,abinationoftheoryandpractice,isgivenbyafamous____________(大师),ProfessorZeng.7.Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunand____________(灵感).8.IamsokeenontheeventsofourschoolthatIwill____________(升级)thewebsiteregularly.9.ProbablythefirstEuropeantoseeand____________(探索)theGreatLakeswasFrenchmanEtienneBruleintheearlysixteenhundreds.10.Wearehappyto____________(宣布)thatanactivitywillbeheldbyourmunity.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Youwillbeemore____________(energy)andhealthierbypracticingChineseKungFu.2.Waitaminute.Thedishesforthedinner____________(cook)inthekitchen.

3.TheexamwilldeterminewhetherIcan____________(admit)toagraduateprogramornot.

4.Costs____________(reduce)by20%overthepastyear.

5.____________(inspire)byherstory,Idecidedtostudyhardersoastorealizemydream.6.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____________(rebuild).

7.Inaword,everybodyshouldnothesitate____________(attend)sportsactivities.

8.Shakespeare’splayHamlet____________(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.

9.Wouldyoupleaseconsiderimprovingorchangingthe____________(equip)inyourfactory?10.Carsthatareonthepavementpreventpeople____________(walk)safelydownthestreet.Ⅲ.完成句子1.Tomwasabsentbecausehefelt________________________________.

由于感到不适,汤姆缺席了。2.________________________________thissituation,weshouldtakeappropriatemeasures.

对这种形势做出反应,我们应该采取适当的措施。3.I’msorry,sir.Yourrecorderisn’treadyyet.It________________________________inthefactory.

对不起,先生。你的录音机还没有准备好。它正在工厂里被修理。4.Wecan________________________________whatwemissorfailtounderstandinclassonweekends.

我们可以在周末弥补我们错过的或课上不明白的内容。5.________________________________,secondhandsmokealsoraisestheriskofdiseaseinnonsmokers.

从长远来看,二手烟也会增加非吸烟者患病的风险。6.________________________________spoilingtheirchildrenandgivingwhatevertheirchildrenwant.

有些父母溺爱他们的孩子,孩子要什么就给他们什么。7.TherearesometopicsChinesealwaysavoid,especially________________________________.

有些话题是中国人通常避开的,尤其是在和陌生人聊天的时候。8.Withtheaboveadvantages,it’s________________________________thattravelingisbeingmoreandmorepopular.

有以上优势,难怪旅游变得越来越流行。9.Itisthefirsttimethathe________________________________byhiscoach.这是他第一次被教练表扬。

10.Peoplealways________________________________apersonbyhisorherappearance.

人们总是倾向于以貌取人。Ⅳ.阅读理解AWhyplaygames?Becausetheyarefun,andalotmorebesides.Followingtherules,planningyournextmoveandactingasateammemberareall“game”ideasthatyouwilleacrossthroughoutyourlife.Thinkaboutsomeofthegamesyouplayedasayoungchild,suchasropejumpingandhideandseek.Suchgamesareentertainingandfun.Butperhapsmoreimportantly,theytranslatelifeintoexcitingdramasthatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.

Manychildren’sgameshaveapracticalside.Childrenaroundtheworldplaygamesthatpreparethemforworktheywilldoasgrownups.Forinstance,someSaudiArabianchildrenplayagamecalledbones,whichsharpensthehandeyecoordination(协调)neededinhunting.Manysportsencouragenationalorlocalpride.Themostfamousgamesofall,theOlympicGames,bringathletesfromaroundtheworldtogethertotakepartinfriendlypetition.Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnsit.Forcountriesexperiencingnaturaldisastersorwar,anOlympicwincanmeansomuch.Sportsarealsoaneventthatunitespeople.Socceristhemostpopularsportintheworld.Peopleonallcontinentsplayit—someforfunandsomeforaliving.NicoletteIribarne,aCaliforniansoccerplayer,hasdiscoveredawaytospreadhopethroughsoccer.Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlysoccerballsbutalsoapromisingfuture.Nexttimeyouplayyourfavoritegameorsport,thinkaboutwhyyouenjoyit,whatskillsareneeded,andwhethertheseskillswillhelpyouinotheraspectsofyourlife.1.Whatarechildrenexpectedtolearnthroughplayinghideandseek?A.Beateamleader.B.Obeythebasicrules.C.Actasagrownup.D.Predictpossibledanger.2.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Gamescandescribelifeinanexcitingway.B.Gamescanturnreallifeexperiencesintoaplay.C.Gamescanmakelearninglifeskillsmoreinteresting.D.Gamescanchangepeople’sviewsofsportingevents.3.Accordingtothepassage,whyiswinningOlympicmedalssoencouraging?A.Itinspirespeople’sdeeploveforthecountry.B.Itprovestheexceptionalskillsofthewinners.C.Ithelpsthecountryoutofnaturaldisasters.D.Itearnsthewinnersfameandfortune.4.What’sIribarne’sgoalofformingthefoundation?A.Bringingfuntopoorkids.B.Providingsoccerballsforchildren.C.Givingpoorkidsachanceforabetterlife.D.Attractingsoccerplayerstohelppoorkids.BIfyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmayeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggersandnonjoggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogatamoderatepacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnonjoggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreasetheriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy,joggingafewtimesaweekatamoderatepaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplicationsofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandbriskwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironman”events,triathlonsandlongdistancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon’tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch.”5.Theunderlinedword“strenuous”inParagraph1refersto“______”.

A.hardB.regularC.practicalD.little6.TheauthorpresentssomefiguresinParagraph2to______.

A.suggestgivingupjoggingB.showrisksofdoingsportsC.providesupportiveevidenceD.introducetheresearchprocess7.Whyistoomuchexerciseharmfulaccordingtothescientists?A.Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries.B.Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C.Itwillbringmuchpressure.D.Itconsumestoomuchenergy.Ⅴ.七选五Withbusyschedulesandlimitedhoursofdaylight,somerunnersfindtheironlytimetorunisinthedarknessofearlymorningorevening.1.Butifyouhavetorunatnightorintheearlymorning,makesuretofollowtheseguidelines.

·ChooseaWelllitRouteItmightnotbeyourfavouriteroutetorun,butthemostwelllitrouteisyourfirstchoice.2andyou’llalwaysbeabletoseetheroadandavoidpotentialhazards.

·AlwaysRunAgainstTrafficIt’seasiertoavoidcarsifyoucanseetheming.Avoidbusyroadsandthosewithnoshouldersorsidewalks.·RunWithaFriend3.Ifpossible,trytoneverrunalone.Ifyou’rerunningalone,letsomeoneknowtherouteyou’rerunningandapproximatelyhowlongyouwillbeout.

·WatchOutforBikesandRunnersEvenifyou’rerunningonapathorinaparkwithnocars,alwaysbeawareofotherrunnersandcyclists.4.Thisadviceappliestorunninginbothdaylightanddarkness.

·PutAwayYourMusicMakesureyouleaveyourradio,MP3player,oriPadathome.5.Youcan’thearoningcars,cyclistsyellingtomove,dogs,oranyotherpotentialthreat.

A.OningcarsseeyoubetterB.There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbersC.RunningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoiceD.AheadlampisalsoanessentialitemforrunnersE.Beforeyoustoporturnaround,makesureyourpathisclearF.CuttingoffyoursenseofhearingleavesyouatadisadvantageG.Putyourdriver’slicenseinyourpocketorwearanIDtagonyourshoeⅥ.语法填空Newresearchsaysnutscouldbea1.______(value),tastyandnutritiousslimmingaid.ResearchersfromHarvardUniversityremendedthatpeoplereplaceadailyunhealthysnackwithasmallhandfulofnuts2.(slow)downweightgain.Thisis3.______(especial)helpfulforpeopleastheygetolder.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoatejust14gofnutseverydaygainedlessweight4.______thosewhoateanothersnack.Thepeoplewhoatethenutswerelesslikelytobeeobese(肥胖的).However,thebenefitstoourweightcouldbequitesmall.5.______(eat)nutsinsteadofchocolateandcakescouldhelppreventaweightgainofjust0.4to0.7kgoverfouryears.

Theresearchersconductedalongtermstudyinwhichtheylookedat6.______lifestyleofnearly190,000peopleforovertwo7.______(decade).Theparticipantsintheresearch8.______(divide)intothreegroups.Theyincludedmorethan51,000malehealthprofessionalsaged40to75,121,700nursesaged35to55and16,686nursesaged24to44.Researchersaskedtheparticipantsquestionseveryfouryearsabout9.______(they)weight,howoftentheyatenuts,andhowoftentheyexercised.Aresearchersaidreplacinglesshealthyfoodswithnutsmighthelpreducetheweightgain10.______ismonasweage,andmightlowerthechancesofbeingobese.

Ⅶ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一个完整的故事。Onetime,theteachersataschoolwantedtoteachthestudentsaboutairplanes.Whileallairplanescanfly,someareabletoflyfartherthanothers.Thisisbecausenotallairplanesarebuiltthesame.Forexample,afighterplanelooksverydifferentfromaplanethatpeopleflyinwhentheywanttogoonaholiday.Theteacherswonderedhowtheycouldmakestudentsunderstandthis.Then,thescienceteacher,MrMoose,decidedthattheschoolshouldhaveapaperairplanecontest.Everystudentwoulddesignapaperairplane.Theywouldstandinalineintheplaygroundbehindtheschool.Thestudentswouldtaketurnsthrowingtheirairplanes.Thestudentwhoseairplanewentthefarthestwouldwin.WhenMrMooseannouncedthepaperairplanecontesttothestudents,theywereveryexcited.AstudentnamedPaul,whowasontheschoolsportsteam,saidtoeveryoneelsethathisairplanewouldwin.“Iamthestrongest,”Paulsaid,“soIwillbeabletothrowmyairplanethefarthest.”However,whilePaulwassayingthis,anotherstudent,Brian,wasthinkinghowhecouldwin.Briandidnotplayanysportsandwasnotverystrong.Buthelovedairplanesandreallywantedtowinthecontest.Brianrealizedwhathehadtodo.Hewenttothestoreandboughtabigstack(叠)ofpaper.Whenhegothome,hetookthepaperintohisbackyard.Hetookapieceofpaperandfoldedanairplane.Itdidn’tgoveryfar,soBriantookanotherpieceandfolded(折叠)anotherairplaneandthrewit.Thisairplanewentalittlefarther.Briankeptfoldingdifferentkindsofairplanesandthrowingthem.Somewentveryfarandsomedidnot.Finally,whenBrianhadusedallthepaper,hewalkeduptotheairplanethathadflownthefarthestandpickeditup.Thenextdaywasthecontest.Allthestudentslinedup.Everyonetookturns.Afterawhile,everyonehadthrownexceptPaulandBrian.Paulwentfirst.Withaloudyell,hethrewtheairplaneintothesky.Itwentfartherthaneveryotherairplane.Everyonecheered.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Finally,itwasBrian’sturn._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Brianwonbecausehetriedoutmanysolutionstotheproblemofhowtomakeanairplaneflyveryfar.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案Ⅰ.单词拼写1.I’mdelightedtolearnthatyou’vebeenadmittedintotheConfuciusInstitute.Congratulations(恭喜)!2.Youshouldnotassume(认为)thatallmenandwomenthinkalike.3.Moreover(此外),singingChinesefolksongswillhelpyouhaveagoodunderstandingofChinesemusic.4.Asateacher,mydailyroutine(惯例)includesdrivingtoanewschoolalmosteveryday.5.Sportscanenrichourlifeandmaintain(保持)ourpsychologicalhealth.6.Thecourse,abinationoftheoryandpractice,isgivenbyafamousmaster(大师),ProfessorZeng.7.Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration(灵感).8.IamsokeenontheeventsofourschoolthatIwillupdate(升级)thewebsiteregularly.9.ProbablythefirstEuropeantoseeandexplore(探索)theGreatLakeswasFrenchmanEtienneBruleintheearlysixteenhundreds.10.Wearehappytoannounce(宣布)thatanactivitywillbeheldbyourmunity.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Youwillbeemoreenergetic(energy)andhealthierbypracticingChineseKungFu.2.Waitaminute.Thedishesforthedinnerarebeingcooked(cook)inthekitchen.

3.TheexamwilldeterminewhetherIcanbeadmitted(admit)toagraduateprogramornot.

4.Costshavebeenreduced(reduce)by20%overthepastyear.

5.Inspired(inspire)byherstory,Idecidedtostudyhardersoastorealizemydream.6.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouseisbeingrebuilt(rebuild).

7.Inaword,everybodyshouldnothesitatetoattend(attend)sportsactivities.

8.Shakespeare’splayHamlethasbeenmade(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.

9.Wouldyoupleaseconsiderimprovingorchangingtheequipment(equip)inyourfactory?10.Carsthatareonthepavementpreventpeoplewalking(walk)safelydownthestreet.Ⅲ.1.Tomwasabsentbecausehefeltundertheweather.

2.Inresponsetothissituation,weshouldtakeappropriatemeasures.

3.I’msorry,sir.Yourrecorderisn’treadyyet.Itisbeingrepairedinthefactory.

4.Wecanmakeupforwhatwemissorfailtounderstandinclassonweekends.

5.Overthelongterm,secondhandsmokealsoraisestheriskofdiseaseinnonsmokers.

6.Thereexistsomeparentsspoilingtheirchildrenandgivingwhatevertheirchildrenwant.

7.TherearesometopicsChinesealwaysavoid,especiallywhentalkingtostrangers.

8.Withtheaboveadvantages,it’snowonderthattravelingisbeingmoreandmorepopular.

9.Itisthefirsttimethathehasbeenpraisedbyhiscoach.这是他第一次被教练表扬。

10.Peoplealwaystendtojudgeapersonbyhisorherappearance.

Ⅳ.A【文章大意】本文讲述一些受欢迎的运动项目和游戏。有些游戏可以帮助孩子们成长,而全球万众瞩目的奥林匹克运动会关系着整个国家的荣誉。因此,运动还和我们的生活息息相关。1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。第二段提到“但也许更重要的是,它们把生活转化为令人兴奋的戏剧,教孩子们一些他们将在余生中遵循的基本规则,比如轮流和合作”由此可知,孩子们通过玩捉迷藏的游戏学会一些未来生活中的基本法则。2.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。画线部分中的谓语动词是translate,有“翻译,解释,转移,调动”的意思,该部分后面有一个定语从句thatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.(教孩子们一些他们将在余生中遵循的基本规则,比如轮流和合作)。前后结合就可以理解这部分的意思是:他们把生活转化为激动人心的戏剧,由此可知,此处与C项“游戏可以让学习生活技能更有趣”意思相近。3.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnsit.(观看比赛的人挥舞着旗帜,知道金牌是一个国家的胜利,而不仅仅是赢得金牌的运动员)可推断,赢得奥运奖牌激发了人们对国家深厚的爱。4.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlysoccerballsbutalsoapromisingfuture.可知,他创建了一个基金会,为贫困儿童提供的不仅仅是足球还有一个充满希望的未来。由此可知,Iribarne成立基金会的目的是让贫穷的孩子有机会过上更好的生活。B【文章大意】主要介绍了过度运动对身体的影响及其原因。5.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由第一段最后一句可知,根据最近的一项科学研究,做非常剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人一样有可能死亡。据此推断,strenuous意为“剧烈的,激烈的”,因此与hard“猛烈的”最为接近。6.【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第二段内容可知,丹麦科学家对1000多名慢跑者和非慢跑者进行了12年的研究。样本组的死亡率表明,每周慢跑两到三次,总共不到两个半小时的人最不可能死亡。慢跑的最佳速度是每小时5英里。研究表明,每周慢跑三次以上或以超过7英里/小时的更高速度慢跑的人与非慢跑者的死亡率相同。故判断出,作者在第二段中提出了一些数字的目的是为“根据最近的一项科学研究,做剧烈运动的人和根本不运动的人一样有可能死亡”提供有力的证据。7.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知,科学家们认为这是因为剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉的结构改变。随着时间的推移,这会造成严重的伤害。因此,过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉。Ⅴ.【文章大意】由于日程繁忙,白天时间有限,一些跑步者发现他们唯一能跑步的时间是在清晨或傍晚的黑暗中。文章给出了此时跑步的一些建议。1.【解析】选C。下文提示“但如果你必须在晚上或清晨跑步,一定要遵循这些指导原则。”承接下文,C项Runningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoice(在白天跑步总是更安全的选择)切题。下文中的But将上下句紧密连在一起。2.【解析】选A。根据下半句“你总能看清道路,避免潜在危险。”承接下半句,A项Oningcarsseeyoubetter(迎面而来的汽车更能看清你)切题。3.【解析】选B。下文提示“如果可能的话,尽量不要一个人跑。如果你是一个人跑步,让别人知道你跑步的路线和大概你要出去多久。”承接下文,B项There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbers(人多力量大,安全可靠)切题。4.【解析】选E。上文提示“即使你是在小路上