英语第一轮总复习讲义第1部分Book8Unit4FilmsandfilmeventsWord版含答案

Book8Unit4Filmsandfilmevents晨读暮诵单元话题——电影与电影事件1．entertainmentn．娱乐2．recreationn．娱乐，消遣3．cineman．电影院4．adaptvt.改编；编写5．adaptationn．改编本6．cartoonn．动画片7．edyn．喜剧8．charactern．角色；人物9．fictionn．(虚构)小说10．playwrightn．剧作家11．classicadj.经典的n．名著12．directvt.导演(电影)13．documentaryn．纪录片14．influencen．影响15．draman．戏；剧本；戏剧16．beneficialadj.有益的17．prizen．奖品18．awardvt.授予n．奖品19．releasevt.发行；发布20．originaladj.原创的n．原作21．bekeenon喜欢……22．becrazyabout对……着迷23．haveatastefor对……感兴趣24．suitone'staste符合某人的嗜好1．TherewasatimewhenhewasveryabsorbedinabookcalledTheAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe.曾有一度他聚精会神地在看一本叫《鲁宾孙漂流记》的书。2．Afterall,tomorrowisanotherday.明天又是新的一天。3．Ittakesastrongmantosavehimself,andagreatmantosaveanother.坚强的人只能救赎自己，伟大的人才能拯救他人．4．Iknowsomeoneintheworldiswaitingforme,althoughI'venoideaofwhoheis.ButIfeelhappyeverydayforthis.我知道这世上有人在等我，尽管我不知道他是谁。但是因为这样，我每天都非常快乐。5．Idon'tthinkthatwhenpeoplegrowup,theywillbeemorebroad­mindedandcanaccepteverything.Conversely,Ithinkit'saselectingprocess,knowingwhat'sthemostimportantandwhat'stheleast.Andthenbeasimpleman.我不觉得人的心智成熟是越来越宽容，什么都可以接受。相反，我觉得那应该是一个逐渐剔除的过程，知道自己最重要的是什么，知道不重要的东西是什么。而后，做一个简单的人。6．Happinessisnotaboutbeingimmortalnorhavingfoodorrightsinone'shand.It'sabouthavingeachtinywishetrue.幸福，不是长生不老，不是大鱼大肉，不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。7．Goodliteratureworksbringpeoplehappiness.好的文学作品给人们带来愉悦。8．JackwonthetopplaceinthepositionContestlastweek.杰克在上星期的作文比赛中获得第一名。假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。(1)提出邀请并简述原因；(2)提出观剧后活动的建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；(3)请求对方回复。[参考范文]DearChris，Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.Attwoo'clockontheafternoonofAugust5theShaoxingOpera，ButterflyLoverswillbeonshowatthenewlybuiltTianjinGrandTheatre.NowthatIknowyou'refamiliarwithChineseculture，especiallyChineseopera，andButterflyLoversisatraditionalChineseopera，Isincerelyinviteyoutowatchit.What'smore，Imakeasuggestionthatweshouldpayavisittothenearbymuseumorthegalleryorotherplaces,whichwillhelpyoulearnmoreaboutChineseculture.Ihopethatyoucanacceptmyinvitation.Ifso，wecanhaveagoodtimetogether.Lookingforwardtoyourreply!Yours，LiJin[高频词汇]1．________(n.)代表2．________(vt.)给……提供经费(n.)财政，金融；资金3．________(adv.)故意地4．________(adj.)不太大的，不太贵的，些许的；谦虚的，谦逊的5．________(vt.)使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露6．________(vt.)看起来像，类似7．________(n.)(微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃8．________(adj.)各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的9．________(vt.)忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视10．________(adj.)讨厌的，令人厌烦的11．________(vt.&vi.)拍摄；射击；打猎；射门，投篮；(n.)拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽12．________(n.)抢劫13．________(vt.&vi.)积累，积聚；逐渐增加14．________(n.)吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力【答案】1.representative2.finance3.deliberately4．modest5.expose6.resemble7.edge8.broad9．overlook10.tiresome11.shoot12.robbery13．accumulate14.attraction[派生词汇]1．________(vt.&vi.)反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→________(adj.)相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的2．________(n.)偏爱，偏好→________(vt.)更喜欢，宁愿3．________(n.)失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→________(vt.)使失望，使扫兴→________(adj.)令人失望的→________(adj.)失望的4．________(n.)祝贺，恭喜→________(vt.)祝贺[词缀归纳]本单元学习了单词disappoint，由其现在分词转化的形容词disappointing，表示“令人失望的”，由其过去分词转化的形容词disappointed，意为“(人)感到失望的”。常见的这类形容词有：moving令人感动的；moved受感动的；frightening吓人的；frightened受惊吓的；satisfying令人满意的；satisfied感到满意的；puzzling令人迷惑不解的；puzzled(感到)困惑不解；encouraging令人鼓舞的；encouraged受鼓舞的。【答案】1.contradict；contradictory2.preference；prefer3．disappointment；disappoint；disappointing；disappointed4.congratulation；congratulate[语境活用]1．You'dbe________(expose)toalotlesspollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.2．Thespeechwasquite________(disappoint)；itleftoutsomemainquestions.3．Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecausetheirbrainsreceive________(contradict)messages.4．Inconsideringpeopleforthejob,wegive________(prefer)tothosewithsomeexperience.5．Peterdoesn'tseemtotakeafterhisfather;but________(相似)hismotherverymuch.6．Ihadplannedtogotoyourparty,butyouknewIhadtofinishthe________(令人厌烦的)paper.7．This________(attract)tourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco'smostcheerfulholidayscenes.8．Ithinkyoushouldcheckyourreportagain.Manyimportantdetailsare________(忽略)．【答案】1.exposed2.disappointing3.contradictory4．preference5.resembles6.tiresome7.attractive8.overlooked1．indefence________为……辩护；防卫2．point________指出3．regardless________不管4．beappropriate________适合于，对……合适5．________theminority占少数6．refer________提到；参考；有关7．intime________及时8．havenoaccess________没有……的机会/权利9．show________炫耀，卖弄10．beaware________知道，意识到11．haveatendency________…有……倾向12．givethought________认真考虑，思考【答案】1.of2.out3.of4.to5.in6.to7.for8.to9．off10.of11.to12.to[语境活用]1．Ifweare________theminority,wearepressuredintojoiningthemajority.2．Wewelegoodemployees,regardless__________theirageorsex.3．Hundredsofpeoplegavetheirlives________defenceoffreedom.4．Tenyearsago，Inever，foroneminutegavethought________whatIwoulddotoearnmyliving.5．Ourgovernmenthaspromisedtoimproveourwaterquality，soitwon'tbelongbeforetheresidentscanhaveaccess________cleanwater.6．Theinterestsheismostlikelytoenjoywillbethosewhichenablehimtoshow________himselforhistalents.7．Notonlydidhepoint________myshortings,butalsohelpedmetooverethem.8．Hehasbeenaware________hismistakesandwantstocorrectthemwithoutdelay.【答案】1.in2.of3.in4.to5.to6.off7.out8.of1.[原句]WhetheryouthinktheAcademyAwardsreallyresembleafilmfestivalornot,everyoneagreesthattheOscaristhebest­knownawardafilmcanreceive.[点拨]句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。[仿写]不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。Wheneveryouareinvitedtodosomething,responseisexpected,________________________.2.[原句]However,helaterfindsoutthathisfatherwasawizardandthathismotherwasawitch，bothofwhomweremurderedbyanevilwizard—thesamewizardwhogaveHarrythescar.[点拨]bothofwhom引导非限制性定语从句。[仿写]她的两个兄弟都在苏格兰工作，他们每周都给她打。Herbrothers，______________workinScotland,ringherupeveryweek.3．[原句]Wemakenorestrictionsonthekindsoffilmsweshow—aslongasafilm'squalitymeetsourstandards，weincludeit.[点拨]aslongas引导条件状语从句[仿写]只要你提前简要地了解唐朝历史，你会发现学习唐诗很容易。YouwillfinditeasytolearnTangpoems______________youunderstandthehistoryofTangDynastybrieflyaheadoftime.【答案】1.whetheryoucangoornot2.bothofwhom3.aslongas第一板块核心词汇[基础知识要牢记]1．exposevt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露；露出，袒露(1)expose…to…把……暴露在……，使……接触……exposesth.tosb.向某人揭发某事(2)exposedadj.(指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的beexposedto接触……；暴露于……中(3)exposuren.暴露①Awisemotherneverexposesherchildrentotheslightestpossibilityofdanger.明智的母亲决不会让她的孩子置身于一丁点儿危险之中。②TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.EP没有暴露可能引起火灾的加热部件。③Thereisconvincingevidenceofalinkbetween________tosunandskincancer.有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。【答案】③exposure[温馨提示]expose…to和beexposedto中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词、或动名词作宾语。(2018·高考江苏卷，阅读理解D)Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill­equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.[分析]本句是复合句，句中said后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，pressure后跟省略了关系代词that的定语从句。[翻译]她说社交媒体公司让孩子们面临重大的情感风险，一些青少年在时没有能力应对他们在网上面临的巨大压力。2．overlookvt.忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视[一词多义]写出下列句中overlook的含义。①Itiseasytooverlooktherolethatyourbodyplaysininfluencingyourmood.________②Istoodbymywindowoverlookingtheparkinglot，havingnothingbettertodo.________③Hehasoverlookedthefactthatthebackdoorwasnotlocked.________【答案】①忽略②俯视③忽略；未注意到[巧学助记]Thewindowofthestudyoverlookstheflowersinthecornerofthegarden，whichareoftenoverlooked.从书房的窗户能俯瞰到花园角落里的那些花，它们经常被忽视。3．preferencen．[U]偏爱，偏好；喜爱[C]更喜欢的人(或物)(1)haveapreferencefor更喜欢……give(a)preferenceto给……以优惠；优待developapreferencefor养成对……的偏爱inpreferenceto优先于；而不是(2)prefer(vt.&vi.)较喜欢，喜欢……多于……preferdoing/todosth.更愿意做某事prefersb.todosth.宁愿某人做某事prefersth./doingsth.tosth./doingsth.更喜欢做某事(前者)而不愿做某事(后者)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做……而不做……①Thoseregularcustomerswillhaveapreferenceforgettingthegifts.那些老客户们会更喜欢得到礼物。②ThePentagonwillgivepreference________panieswhichdobusinesselectronically.美国国防部将会优先考虑那些能够进行电子商务的公司。③Whenitestofruit,Iwouldusuallychooseapplesinpreferencetopears.谈到水果，我通常愿意选择苹果，其次才是梨。④IbecameateacherbecauseIpreferredbooksandpeople________politics.我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。【答案】②to④to4．contradictvt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反(1)contradictoneself自相矛盾(2)contradictionn.矛盾，对立；反驳incontradictionwith/to与……矛盾/不一致(3)contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的，不一致的becontradictoryto与……相矛盾①Thespeakerhadgotconfused，andstartedcontradictinghimself.演讲者弄糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾起来。②Someastronautsfeelsickonthespacestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecausetheirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages.有些宇航员在空间站起初的几天感到恶心是因为他们的大脑接收到了相互矛盾的信息。③Yourreplytodayis______________________whatyousaidlastweek.你今天的答复跟你上星期说的恰好相反。【答案】③indirectcontradictionto/with5．disappointvt.使失望，使扫兴(1)disappointedadj.感到失望的bedisappointedtodosth.因做某事而失望bedisappointedat/bysth.对某事感到失望bedisappointedwithsb.对某人感到失望(2)disappointingadj.令人失望的(3)disappointmentn.失望(much)toone'sdisappointment/toone's(great)disappointment使某人(大为)失望的是①Thesejobsdidn'tpaywell,andthepeoplefeltlonelyanddisappointedwiththeirnewlifeinthecity.这些工作报酬不高，而且人们感到孤独，对城市的新生活感到失望。②There'snoreasontobe________.Asamatteroffact,thiscouldberatheramusing.没什么理由要失望，实际上这非常好玩。③WhenJoewasabouttostartschool,allsignspointedtosuccess.Yetthingsturnedouttobequitedisappointing.在乔上学之前，所有的迹象都表明他会成功，然而事情最后竟是令人十分失望。【答案】②disappointed(2018·高考天津卷，完形填空)Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.[分析]本句是复合句，句中的分词短语Beingthecoach…作状语，because引导原因状语从句，knew后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，weweredefeated是省略关系代词that的定语从句。[翻译]作为新队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令我失望的是我们被击败了。6．indefenceof为……辩护；保卫(1)inone'sdefence＝indefenceofsb.为某人辩护(2)defendvt.保卫；防守defend…from/against保护……使不受……，为……辩护defendoneself自卫①Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtorise________theirlegalrights.现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。②Weshouldbereadyatalltimestodefendourowncountryfrom/againstinvasion.我们必须随时准备防止我们的国家受到外来侵略。③Thedamwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashedawaybythesea.修建这座堤坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲垮。【答案】①indefenceof7．givethoughtto认真考虑，思考atfirstthought乍一想atthethoughtof一想到……(就)onsecondthought(s)经仔细考虑后withoutasecondthought立即，马上；不假思索bedeep/lostinthought陷入沉思readsb.'sthoughts看出某人的心思①Theyneedtogiveseriousthoughttohowtheycanbestadjusttosuchchanges.他们需要认真思考他们如何能最好的适应这些变化。②Atfirstthought,theplanwasquitepractical.乍一想，这一计划还相当实用。[词汇训练全通关]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Fromhis________voiceonthephoneIknowwhathissondiddisappointedhim；inotherwords，hissonis________.(disappoint)2．TheGreatSaltLakeisagreattourist________(attract)，anddrawsalargenumberofvisitorseachyear.3．Childrenaretaughttorespecteveryone，regardless________race，sexorage.4．Mr.Greendidn'tthinkthelittleboywastoblame,sohestoodupin________(defend)ofhim.5．Shedid________(contradiction)herself.Shesaidshewouldnevermarryyoung,butshedid.6．Johnwentthroughthetestpaperoncemorecarefullyforfearthathewould________(overlook)anyessentialdetails.7．Onereasonforher________(prefer)forcitylifeisthatshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.8．WhenIcametothestrangecity，Ibegantogivethought________whatIwoulddotoearnmyliving.9．Studiesshowthatstudentsoften________(expose)totoomuchpressuretendtodevelopmentalproblems.10．Sheresembleshertwinsister________appearancebutnot________character.【答案】1.disappointed；disappointing2.attraction3.of4．defence5.contradict6.overlook7.preference8.to9．exposed10.in；inⅡ.单句改错1．Isawhimsittingonthebenchofthepark，losingindeepthought._____________________________________________________________2．Givethinkingtohowmuchyouhave，ifyouhavearoofoveryourhead，foodtoeatandarehealthy._____________________________________________________________3．Beexposedtosunshinetoomuchwilldoharmtoone'sskin._____________________________________________________________4．Ourresultsinthismarkethavebeenratherdisappointedparedwithlastyear._____________________________________________________________5．Thetownanditsenvironsareinviting,withrecreationalattractionandartmuseums._____________________________________________________________【答案】1.losing→lost2.thinking→thought3.Be→Being4．disappointed→disappointing5.attraction→attractions第二板块经典句式[基础知识要牢记]1．WhetheryouthinktheAcademyAwardsreallyresembleafilmfestivalornot，everyoneagreesthattheOscaristhebest­knownawardafilmcanreceive.不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，它还可以引导名词性从句。①Whetherhewillstayornot,Ireallydon'tcare.他要留下来还是要走，我真的不在意。②There'salwayspetition，____________________.不论你是否意识到，竞争永远存在。③Whetherthesecretarywillbefiredornotisatthemercyofherboss.这个秘书是否被解雇完全取决于她的老板。【答案】②whetheryourealizeitornot(2018·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ，七选五)Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.[分析]句中whether…or…引导让步状语从句。[翻译]不管你看的是墙纸还是油漆，花在上面的时间、精力和相关费用都是很重要的。2．However，helaterfindsoutthathisfatherwasawizardandthathismotherwasawitch，both_of_whomweremurderedbyanevilwizard—thesamewizardwhogaveHarrythescar.但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。bothofwhom属于“代词(或数词)＋of＋关系代词(whom/which)”结构。该结构的用法如下：(1)常见形式：both/all/neither/none/some/several/afew/many/more/thelargest…ofwhich/whom(2)关系代词：指人时用whom，指物时用which①Ihavetwochildren，bothofwhomarestudyingatuniversitynow.我有两个孩子，现在都在上大学。②OnthedeskaretwoEnglishbooks，bothofwhichareaboutthehistoryofEgypt.书桌上有两本英文书，都是有关埃及历史的。③Italsocausesbadsideeffects，________________canbedeadly.它也引发严重的副作用，其中一些是可以致命的。【答案】③someofwhich(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ，书面表达)你知道我们中国有很多传统的艺术形式，其中剪纸是最受欢迎的之一。[翻译]YouknowweChinesehavealotoftraditionalartforms,ofwhichpaper­cuttingisoneofthemostpopular.[句式训练全通关]Ⅰ.完成句子1．她甚至连她女儿是死是活都不知道。Shedoesn'tevenknow________________________________.2．她擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有这三门语言她都说得很流利。ShewasgoodatGerman，FrenchandRussian，________________________.3．不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。You'llhavetoattendtheceremony____________________.4．有500人参加了这次会议，他们大多数是科学家。Therewere500peopleattendingtheconference，______________werescientists.【答案】1.whetherherdaughterisdeadoralive2.allofwhichshespokefluently3.whetheryou'refreeorbusy4．mostofwhomⅡ.话题写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1．一部好电影的标准是什么？(criterion)2．首先要有好的编剧写出好的剧本。(script,screenwriter)3．有顶级的导演和演员。(top­ranking)4．这样拍出来的电影才不会让观众失望。(shoot,disappoint)5．在电影院一边吃着爆米花，一边欣赏着电影。(attraction)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Whatisthecriterionofagoodfilm?Agoodscriptwrittenbyagoodscreenwriterisamust.Thereshouldbetop­rankingdirectorandactors.Whenafilmisshotinthisway,itwon'tdisappointtheaudience.Thenatthecinemapeopleareenjoyingtheattractionofthefilmwhileeatingthepopcorn.[阅读理解组块练]Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·湖北八市联考)Itlookslike2017isshapinguptobearecord­breakingyearinmoviehistory.Hereisalistofsomeoftheyear'sbiggestblockbusterssofar.Kong:SkullIslandAreboot(重启)ofKingKongwouldnormallygetlaughedatinthisdayandage,butitlookslikethismodernversionofthestorywillbeworthwatching.WithUSactressBrieLarsonandUKactorTomHiddlestoninthemix,thisfilmissettobethisyear'sbiggestmonstertale.ReleaseDate:3/10/17BeautyandtheBeastDirectorBillCondonisbringingbackapartofourchildhoodinliveaction,pletewiththesongsweallrememberandlove.WithBritishstarsEmmaWatsonandDanStevensleadingthecast,_theclassicWaltDisneystoryalreadysoundslikeit'llbeadelightforbothchildrenandadults.ReleaseDate:3/17/17TheFateoftheFuriousTherewasdoubtthatwe'devengetaFast8,especiallyafterthefittingendingUSactorPaulWalker'scharacterwasgivenattheendofFurious7.Fansthoughtthey'dneverseeDomandtherestofthecrewbackinaction,butthankfully,USstarVinDieselhimselfconfirmedthatTheFateoftheFuriousisfuelingupforanothergo.Theactor'scharacter,Dom,turnstothedarkside,fundedbynewenemyCipher,playedbySouthAfricanactressCharlizeTheron.CantherestofDom'sfamilyjointogethertobringtheiroldleaderdown?FindoutinApril.ReleaseDate:4/14/17Spider­Man:HomeingSpiderManisheadinghometoMarvelStudiosforthefirsttime.ThemoviewillshowusPeterParker'shighschooldays,andwillcontinuethethreadswesawformedduringhisinitialappearanceinCaptainAmerica:CivilWar.WeknowthatMichaelKeatonisplayingTheVultureinthisstory,andthatbothHappyHoganandTonyStark,playedbyUSactorsJonFavreauandRobertDowneyJr.,arealongfortheride.Butit'sTomHolland'sshowasSpider­Man,solet'sseewhathehasinstore.ReleaseDate:7/7/171．Whichofthefollowingmoviescan'tyouseeonMayDay?A．Kong:SkullIsland.B．BeautyandtheBeast.C．TheFateoftheFurious.D．Spider­Man:Homeing.2．WhatcanweknowaboutBeautyandtheBeast?A．Itisfuelingupforanothergo.B．ItisproducedbyMarvelStudios.C．It'llshowusPeterParker'sschooldays.D．It'llbeenjoyableforbothchildrenandadults.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cast”probablymean?A．Characters. B．Actors.C．Directors. D．Teachers.【答案与解析】1．D细节理解题。根据四部影片的开映时间可知，最后一部影片《蜘蛛侠》在7月7日上映，所以五一节假日期间是看不到该影片的。2．D细节理解题。根据第二部影片《美女与野兽》最后一句话中“it'llbeadelightforbothchildrenandadults”可知，小孩和成年人都喜欢看这部电影。3．B词义猜测题。通过上下文可知，此句意为“在两位主演的带领下，这部大片小孩、成人都喜欢”，主演带领的对象毫无疑问是其他的演员，此处cast是名词，意为“(戏剧、电影等的)一组演员”。BIfyou'remakingthefilmwithotherpeople，organizeyourcastandcreweffectively.Makesureeverybodyknowstheirroleandwhatdayandtimesthey'reneeded.Givepeoplespecificjobs,sotheycanbeeexpertsintheirfield.Forexample，asoundrecordistlistenstothesoundthroughheadphonesasit'sbeingrecorded，andholdsanextramicrophoneifneeded.Acameraoperatorframesthepicture(取景)，setsfocus，checksthelightandrecordstheaction.Theeditor“cuts”thepicturetogetherafterit'sshot(拍摄)．Aproduceristhecontactpointforthefilm.Heorshemakessurethecrewandcastarethereontime，talkstothepressandorganizesthebudget.Adirectorhastomakesuretheirvisionismunicated.Todothiseveryoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthedirectorexpectsfromeachsceneandeachshot.Youmayalsoneedamake­up­artist，achoreographer，adriveretc.However，youcanquiteeasilymakeyourfirstfilmonyourown.Makeaschedulethatsayswhichshotsaretobetakenwhereandwhen(thisiscalledashootingschedule)andwhenyou'vepletedatake，crossitoffthelist.Rememberthatyoumaywanttoshoot“outoforder”，e．g.shootthelastscenefirst,andthefirstlast.Similarlyifthefilmbeginsandendsbyatreeinthepark，itmaymakesensetofilmbothsceneswhileyou'rethere.Continuityisparticularlyimportantindrama.TakeaPolaroidcameraandtakephotostorecorddetails.Youmayneedtoebacktoascenedayslater.Whenyoudecideyourlocations，considerwhetheryouneedpermissiontousethespace，hownoisyitwillbeandwhatthelightwillbelikeatthetimeofdayyouwillneedtouseit.Istherepoweravailable？Areyoulikelytobeinterrupted?Ifyou'remakinganimation(动画片)，haveaspacethatyoucancontrol.Youmayneedextralightsandyoumayneedtoleaveworkinprogress.Makesurepeoplelivingwithyouareawarewhat'shappening.Animationneedsalotofundisturbedconcentrationandpatience.Keepatitandit'llpayoff.AardmannandDisneybothstartedoffathomeexperimentingwithclay，pensandacamera.4．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat________.A．everycrewmemberisanexpertinhisfieldB．carefulpreparationsandarrangementsarequitenecessaryC．boththecastandcrewmustarriveatthesametimeeverydayD．everypersonshouldhavehisequipmentwhileworkingtogether5．Adirectorknowsthepurposeofeachstepofthework，but________.A．heneedn'ttellothersaboutthatB．othermembersjustfollowhisordersC．hemusthaveitknownandwellunderstoodbyothersD．othersmayhavetheirownideasandspecialwaysofworking6．Toshootafilm,ashootingschedulemustbefixedfirst________.A．butitmaybecrossedoffifunnecessaryB．butyouneedn'tworkexactlyonitC．andeachstepmustbecarriedoutaccordingtoitD．andnoonecanchangeitonceitissettled7．Itcanbeinferredfromthenext­to­lastparagraphthat________.A．youneedaskothers'advicewhendecidinglocationsB．itiseasytofindaproperlocationtoshootafilmC．onceyoufindagoodplacetofilmyoumustcheckitlaterD．unexpectedthingsmayhappenwhileyouareshootinginaplace【答案与解析】4．B细节理解题。前两段主要讲述拍摄电影的前期准备工作和安排，演员和工作人员需要各负其责，分工协作。5．C细节理解题。根据第五段可知，导演要清楚拍摄的每个步骤，而且要让每个工作人员都了解其目的和所要达到的效果。6．B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，拍摄时间表要事先制定，但随着场景的需要在顺序上可灵活调整。7．D推理判断题。拍外景要考虑别人是否允许使用，要考虑外景地的环境，包括噪音、光线，电力供应等，由此推测拍摄时，有可能会发生意想不到的事情。CJourneytoMecca:IntheFootstepsofIbnBattutaIbnBattutaisconsideredoneoftheworld'sgreatesttravellers.Duringthe14thcentury,hetravelledabout75,000milesinsearchofknowledgeandfortheloveoftravel.TosharethelearningandresearchsohighlyvaluedbyIslamic(伊斯兰教的)culture,therulerofMorocco,AbuInanFaris,wantedIbnBattuta'sworldwidetravelsrecordedandpublishedwhenhereturnedhometoMoroccoafteralmost30years.IbnJuzayy,aMoroccanCourtSecretary,wasappointedtowritedownIbnBattuta'sexperiences.Histraveljournal,TheRihla,documentsthisextraordinaryachievement.Itgivesusafirst­handaccountoflifeinthe14th­centuryMuslimworld.Theoriginalbook,handwritteninArabic,canbeviewedtodayattheNationalLibraryinParis.Theearly14thcenturywasafavorableageforaMuslimtraveller.ItwasnearingtheendoftheGoldenAgeofIslam,oneofthegreatexplosionsofscientificandculturalachievementsinworldhistory.Caravansandsealanescreatedtransportationandmunicationnetworksthatspreadacrosscontinents,includingEurope,AfricaandAsia.Townsandcitieswereregularlyvisitedbymerchants,traders,doctors,artists,craftsmen,scholarsandpilgrims(朝圣者)carryinggoodsandideas.Allofthesepromotedtheexchangeofgoodsandideasonascalenotseenpreviouslyinworldhistory.Asaneducatedmanwithprofessionallegalskills,IbnBattutaenjoyedkindness,panionshipandoffersofemploymentthroughouttheIslamicworld.JourneytoMeccadescribesthe5,000­milejourneyIbnBattutamadein1325and1326fromhishometownTangier,Morocco,toreachMecca,inwhatisnowtheKingdomofSaudiArabia,tomakethepilgrimage.Duringthisdangerousandawesome18­monthpilgrimage,hemetmanyhindrancesashewasattackedbyrobbers,troubledbythirst,andforcedtogobacktohisrouteduetowaralongtheRedSea.JoiningthelegendaryDamascusCaravanwiththousandsofpilgrimsleavingforMecca,hepletedthefinalsectionofwhatwouldbehisfirstofsixjourneystoMecca.Thegoalofthefilm,JourneytoMecca,wastotelltheremarkablestoryofIbnBattutaandtopromoteabetterunderstandingofIslamintheWest,saidtheproducers.8．WecanconcludethatAbuInanFarisprobablythoughtIbnBattuta'stravelexperiences________.A．precious B．questionableC．mysterious D．ridiculous9．WhatcanwelearnaboutIbnBattutafromthetext?A．Hewrotethetraveljournal,TheRihla,byhimself.B．HetravelledallthewaywiththelegendaryDamascusCaravanduringhisfirstjourney.C．Hewasaverysuccessfulbusinessman.D．Hehadtooverevarietiesofdifficultieswhiletraveling.10．Theunderlinedword“hindrances”inParagraph3canbestbereplacedby“________”．A．tricks B．friendsC．barriers D．opportunities11．Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwepossiblyfindthispassage?A．History. B．Travel.C．Economy. D．Entertainment.【答案与解析】8．A细节理解题。根据第一段中“therulerofMorocco,AbuInanFaris,wantedIbnBattuta'sworldwidetravelsrecordedandpublishedwhenhereturnedhometoMoroccoafteralmost30years.”可知，摩洛哥的统治者认为伊本·巴图塔的世界环游经历是珍贵的，值得记录和出版。9．D推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣为期十八个月的行程中遭遇并克服了很多艰险，如受到抢劫者攻击，饱受饥渴，以及由于红海沿线的战争被迫返回原路线等等。10．C词义猜测题。根据下文中“ashewasattackedbyrobbers,troubledbythirst,andforcedtogobacktohisrouteduetowaralongtheRedSea.”可以判断出，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣途中经历了很多艰险，遇到了很多困难障碍。11．D推理判断题。本文简要介绍了伟大的旅行家伊本·巴图塔的环球之旅以及根据他的旅行经历拍摄的电影《麦加之旅》，所以我们能在报纸的娱乐版面发现该文章。D(2018黄冈高5月适应性考试)Theyhideintrees,hangfromhelicopters,evenfollowpeopledownonmotorcycles—allsothattheycanphotographacelebrity.Theyarepaparazzi­photographerswhomakealivingbytakingpicturesoftherichandfamous.ThisSeptember,California,astatewithplentyofcelebrities,passedalawaimedattakingactionagainstpaparazzi.Thelawforbidsphotographersfromenteringprivatepropertytotakepictures,fromusinghigh­techdevicestotakepicturesofpeopleonprivateproperty,andfrom“persistentlyfollowinginordertotakeapicture”.Violatorscanbefinedorspendtimeinprison.TheUSCongressisconsideringpassingasimilarlaw.SupportersoftheCalifornialawsayitwillprotecttheprivacyofcelebrities,whompaparazzihavebeenbotheringforyears.Opponents(反对者)saythelawrestrictsphotojournalistsfromdoingtheirjob.Mostcelebritiesseemtolikehavingtheirpicturestakenwhentheyareinpublicatawardshowsorotherevents.Afterall,it'sfreepublicity.Butwhenthey'renotinpublic,theysay,photographersshouldleavethemalone.Yetpaparazzihavebeenknowntosecretlylookinwindowsandworse.ActorMichaelJ．Foxsaidthatpaparazzihaveeven“triedtopretendtobemedicalpersonnelatthehospitalwheremywifewasgivingbirthtoourson”．Celebritieshaveasmuchrighttotheirprivacyasanyoneelse,supportersofthelawstate.SupportersfurtherarguethattheCalifornialawisafairwaytokeepthepressatbay,becausethelawstillallowsphotographerstodotheirjob.Itonlypunishesthem,supporterssay,whentheyviolatecelebrities'privacy.Oppo