自考课程二第七单元

Unit7

LeisureandLeadershipSomequestionsforyou:

1.Areyousatisfiedwithyourcurrent?Why?2.Whatisyourideallifeinfuture?orwhatdoyouthinklifeshouldbe?3.Howdoyouthinkof“qualityoflife〞?4.Doyouthink“leisure〞isanecessarypartinlife?

1.Observationsandresearchfindingsindicatethatpeopleinadvancedindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglyconcernedwithopportunitiesforleisureandwhattheycandointheirleisuretime.译：观察与研究的结果说明，生活在先进的工业化社会的人们越来越关心休闲的时机和休闲时的活动。beconcernedwith:关于，涉及…关心，关切…

e.g.ThebookisprimarilyconcernedwithSoviet-AmericanrelationsduringtheColdWar.Theyaremoreconcernedwithhowthewomenhaddressed.2.Theimportancepeopleattachtopaidholidaysandtherapiddevelopmentofservicesformassentertainmentandrecreationaresignsofthisincreasingconcern.译：人们对带薪休假的重视和群众娱乐效劳的迅速开展是他们对这一问题日益关注的标志。attachimportance/significance/value/weighttosth.认为…有重要性/意义/价值/有分量satisfaction:n.满意，满足alook/smileofsatisfactionsatisfy:v.〔使〕满意，满足tosatisfysb’shunger/curiositysatisfying:adj.令人满足的，令人满意的asatisfyingmealsatisfied:adj.满意的，满足的besatisfiedwithasatisfiedsmile/customersatisfactory:adj.令人满意的，可以的，适宜的asatisfactoryexplanationsatisfaction/satisfy/satisfactory/satisfying/satisfieda.Tothe

ofeverybody,thedirectorrelaxedhisthreateningattitude.b.Thecustomerseemedtobe

.c.Thechild’sintelligenceis

forhisage.d.Socialismistofully

thematerialandspiritualneedsofthepeople.e.Theopenedpupilisusuallyassociatedwithpleasant,

experiences.satisfactionsatisfiedsatisfactorysatisfysatisfying5.Asactivitycarriedoutasonethinksfitduringone’ssparetime,leisurehasthefollowingfunctions:relaxation,recreationandentertainment,andpersonaldevelopment.译：作为休闲时进行的自认为适当的活动，它有以下功能：放松、娱乐、个人开展。

relaxation:n.放松,休闲；减轻；休闲活动

relax:v.放松，休息

relaxed:adj.放松的，冷静的，镇定的

relaxing:adj.令人放松的，轻松的

e.g.a

drink/walkJust

andenjoythemovie.Heappeared

beforethematch.relaxingrelaxrelaxed6.Thus,peoplewhoneedtoexertmuchenergyintheirworkwillfindrelaxationmostdesirableinleisure.Thosewithabettereducationandinprofessionaloccupationsmaytendmoretoseekrecreationandpersonaldevelopmentinleisure.译：因此，工作中需要付出很多精力的人觉得休闲是能得到放松最为理想，而受过良好教育、从事专门工作的人可能更趋向于休闲时寻求娱乐和个人开展。

desire:v&n.愿望，欲望，渴望

desireforsth;desiretodosth.astrongdesireforpowerIhavenodesiretodiscussthematterfurther.Wealldesirehealthandhappiness.Fewerpeopledesiretoliveinthenorthofthecountry.desirable:adj.可取的，值得拥有的/做的

Itisdesirablethatinterestratesshouldbereduced.desirability:n.值得拥有的事，值得做的事Noonequestionsthedesirabilityofcheaperfares.

desire/desirable/desirabilityNobodydoubtsthe

ofgoodhealth.His

werenotgreat.Apeacefullifewaswhathewanted.Somereasonableadjustmentsseem

.

desirabilitydesiresdesirableoccupation:n.职业，工作；侵占，占领；居住，使用occupy:v.使用，居住；侵占，占领occupant:n.(房屋、建筑等)使用者,居住者

(汽车等内的)乘坐者,占用者(exercise)

occupation/occupant/occupya.Muchoftheterritoryisstillunderenemy

.b.He

animportantpositioninthegovernment.c.The

willnotpayrentandmustbeforcedtomoveout.occupationoccupiesoccupantTranslationofParagraph4:

译：对休闲的具体利用因人而异。即使是同一休闲运动，不同人的利用方式也不同。因此，人们可以按下述方式利用看电视这一最常见的休闲活动：改变感受来“逃避〞工作压力与紧张；更多了解自己周围正在发生的一切；通过比照电视节目中描绘的别人的生活经历为了解自己提供一个时机。8.Inanurbansocietyinwhichhighlystructured,fast-pacedandstressfulworkloomslargeinlife,experiencesofadifferentnature,beittelevisionwatchingorbird-watching,canleadtoaself-renewalandamore“balanced〞wayoflife.译：在城市社会中，工作安排紧密、节奏迅速、充满压力，它笼罩着人们的生活，而另一种性质的体验，不管是看电视还是看鸟，都能导致自我更新和更加“平衡〞的生活方式。9.Sinceleisureisbasicallyself-determined,oneisabletotaketoone’sinterestsandpreferencesandgetinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction.

译:由于休闲根本上是自己决定的事，个人就可以培养自己的兴趣和爱好，并以能为自己带来享受和满足的方式从事某项活动。10.Ourlikesanddislikes,tastesandpreferencesthatunderlieourchoicesofsuchactivitiesasreadingbooks,goingtothecinema,camping,orcertainculturalpursuits,areallrelatedtosocialcontextsandlearningexperiences.

译：我们的喜爱和厌恶、兴趣和偏好决定我们选择这样的活动，如读书、看电影、露营获知某些文化追求，所有这些都与社会背景和学习经历有关。underlie:v.支撑，构成〔理论、政策、行为等〕的根底underlay;underlain;underlyingCarefulplanningunderliesallmydecisions.Whatunderlieshislackofinterestinwork?11.Weacquireinterestsinavarietyofthingsandsubjectsfromourfamilies,schools,jobs,andthemassmedia.译：我们从家庭、学习、工作和群众传媒中养成了对不同事情、不同问题的兴趣。acquire:v.获得，得到，习得ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.12.Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.译：根本上说，上述态度等于成认休闲是生活的一个重要方面和相信休闲应该得到很好。put…to(good)use:把…投入使用,利用,使用recognition:认出，成认，公认recognize/se:v.认出,区分出；意识到,公认Irecognizedhimassoonashecameintheroom.recognizable:adj.容易认出的，易于识别的Aftersomanyyearsshewasstillrecognizable.a.Thedeadwoman’sfacehadbeenbeatenoutofallshape.b.Thecityhaschangedbeyond.c.HewassomuchchangedthatIcouldhardlyhim.recognizablerecognitionrecognized13.Professionalworkersinrecreationservices,too,willfindthattoimpartpositiveleisureattitudestothegeneralpublicisessentialformotivatingthemtousetheirleisureincreativeandsatisfyingways.译：从事娱乐业的专业工作者也会发现，培养群众积极的休闲态度对促使他们创造性地和满意地利用闲暇时间十分必要。motivate:作为…的动机，激发n.motivation动机

positive:adj.积极的，肯定的；明确的，确实的；阳性的，正的

Whocangivemeapositiveanswer?Iwonderifhegavepositiveinstructions.Thetestispositive.练习:他在纠正学生错误时总是采取积极的态度。Healwaysadoptspositiveattitudewhencorrectingstudents’mistakes.14.Hence,itcanbearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsarealllikelytohaveexertedsomeinfluenceinshapingourattitudes,interestsandevenskillsrelevanttohowwehandleleisure.

译：因此，可以认为，我们在不同环境中接触的人都可能在形成我们的态度、兴趣和甚至如何处理闲暇时间等技巧方面产生影响。relevant:adj.1.与…有关的(to)2.贴切的，中肯的Allevidencerelevanttothecaseshouldbegatheredandanalyzed.Thisisarelevantquestion.练习：他的肤色与他是否是个好律师无关。Hiscolorisn’trelevanttow