2023-2024学年福建省宁德市一中高三上学期第一次检测英语试题及答案

宁德一中2024届高三第一次检测英语试卷2023.8.28考试用时120分钟。本试题卷共10页、95题。全卷满分150分。★考试顺利★第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt’?A.19.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowafternoon?B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.A.Playsoccer.B.Gotothebeach.C.Playgames.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inaclothesstore.B.Enjoyingaconcert.C.InasittingroomC.Watchingafilm.C.At8:30.3.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingsomedrinks.4.Whendidthemanexpecttohavedinner?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.5.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Checkin.B.Buyamagazine.C.GetMusicforteens.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC三选5秒锈听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stroublingEmily?A.Cookingdishes.B.Preparingforexams.C.Dealingwithworkload.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?第1页，共11页A.Colleagues.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmanypeoplewillgotothecinema?A.3.B.4.C.5.9.WhydoesthewomanchooseAlienAttack?A.It’sacomedy.B.Sheprefershorrorfilms.C.Shelikessciencefictionfilms.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforaleave.B.Makinganappointment.C.Seeingadoctor.C.17,19and20.C.ThisTuesday11.Whichchaptersshouldthemanread?A.18,19and20.B.17,18and20.12.Whenisthereadingassignmentdue?A.NextWednesday.B.ThisThursday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Hisphone.B.Hisjacket.C.Hisbag.C.Makeoverseascalls.C.Bycar.14.Whatdidmomaskthemantodo?A.Checkhispocket.B.Buysomebread.15.Howdidthemangethomefromwork?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.16.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman?A.Forgetful.B.Humorous.C.Caring.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatclassdoesthecenterprovide?A.Yoga.B.Cooking.C.Ballet.18.Howarethemainrooms?A.Smallbutmodern.19.Whereisthecafe?A.Offthemainentrance.20.Whatdoesthemembershipinclude?A.Freeaccesstothevided.B.Niceandairy.C.Fancyandconvenient.C.Besidemassagerooms.C.ShowerswithtowelsB.Inthegym.B.Threefreeclassesaweek.第2页，共11页第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AScientificeducationaltoyscandevelopkid’sreasoning,problem-solvingandcriticalthinkingcapacityandimprovetheirhand-eyecoordination(协调).Butthemostpowerfulthingisthatthechildrenwillassociatelearningwithfun.Thatmeanstheywillgrowintoadultswithathirstforknowledgeandahighlydevelopedsetofskillsforlearning.Herearesomeofthebest:ScienceKitYoucanguaranteetwothingsifyoubuyyourkidsone:alotoffunandalotofmess.It’sa20-piecekitthatteachesthebasicsofchemicalreactions.It’srecommendedforkidsaged6andabove,withadultcompany.Youdon’thavetobeascientist,sincethereisanactivitybookwithinstructionsforpossibleexperiments.MiniTerraKitYoudon’thavetowaitforthesuntocomeouttoteachkidsaboutthenaturalworld.Thisall-inclusivekitisaminiaturegardenthatsimulatesanaturalenvironmentbyusingapowerfulLEDlight.Itincludesaterrariumjar,light-upjarlid,MicroUSBcharger,andallthenaturalingredientstogetstarted.Italsohasasimpleinstructionbookletthatyoucanworkthroughwithyourkids.GravityRunThisclassicisnotjustaboutbuildingastructureandwatchingthemarblesgoupanddown.Thegamesaredesignedforkidsaged8+todevelopspatialawareness,planning,andreasoning.With60challenges(beginnertoexpert),thisaward-winninggamecanbeenjoyedbyallthefamily.Theexpertlevelsareactuallyquitechallenging,sobepreparedforsomefailures.WeRoKitThisprize-winningrobottoyfeaturesover840pieces,aWeRoMoveHub,InteractiveMoto,andaDistanceSensor.Youcanbuilditinto5completelydifferentrobots,meaningendlessfunforthekidsandevenadults.Oncethey’vebuiltthecharacteroftheirchoice,theycanprogrammeittoperformcountlesstasksincludingwalkingandtalkingonitsown.21．Whatisthegreateststrengthofscientificeducationaltoys?A．Trainingyoungscientists.B．StimulatinglearningdesireC．Developinghand-eyecoordination.D．Promotingspatialawarenessandreasoning.22．Whichtoysuitskidswhoenjoygrowingplants?A．SciencekitB．MiniTerraKitC．GravityRunD．WeRoKit23．WhatisspecialaboutWeRoKit?A．Ithasdifferentlevels.B．Itistheonlyprize-winner.C．Itrequiresparentalguidance.D．Itinvolvesprogrammingskills.BThealarmranginmyear.Aftersilencingit,Iremainedinbed.Mymotivationtopushahead第3页，共11页withmyPh.D.wasdisappearing,whichmadeithardtofaceeachnewday.Continuingwouldriskatotalbreakdown.Withanxiety,IdecidedtoceasemyPh.D.temporarilyandtakea9-monthpositionatahealthcarecharity.BackwhenIlookedforPh.D.positions,IwasunclearwhatIwantedtostudy.Forme,thedegreemostlyservedasameanstoanend,securingmoreinterestingandhigher-paidpositionsintheprivatesectorthanmymaster'sdegreewouldunlock.So1wasn'tpickyandreasonedavarietyofprojectswouldprovidethetraininganddegreeIwanted.Inhindsight(事后想来),Ishouldhavebeenmoreselective.IendedupworkingonaprojectIwastechnicallycapableofcompletingbutovertimefeltfullofdisappointment.Thepurelyacademicresearchwasintellectuallyinteresting,yetIstruggledtoseehowitwouldmakeanimpactonthewiderrealworld.Someunexpectedthingsamplifiedmytrouble.Istartedmyprogramin2020whenmeetingswerevirtualandin-personcontactwasactivelydiscouraged,soIhadfewopportunitiestoformpersonalconnectionswithcoworkers.Researchbecamemyonlyfocus,andwhenmyinterestinthatfaded,myprojectfeltdepressing.Afteronly1monthatthecharity,itbecameclearthatI'dmadetherightdecision.MymentalhealthimprovedandIfounditeasiertocomeintowork.Things1didcouldmatterandenergizemeafterall-ifIchosewisely.ThatwasexactlywhatIneededanddesired.Afterthatrealization,IdecidedIwantedtoreturntomyPh.D.programandmakechanges.ItoldmyteacherIwasn'tinterestedinthecurrentresearch.Tomyrelief,hewassupportive,andweredesignedtheprojecttobetterfitme.Iwillreturntomyprogramnextmonth,optimisticthatthistimewillbedifferent.Butifitdoesn'tgoasIhope,mycharityexperiencehasgivenmedirectionandconfidencethatI'llliveasatisfyinglife,withorwithoutaPh.D.24.WhatdidtheauthorviewthePh.D.degreeasatfirst?A.Astrugglefornewdays.B.Awayofgettingabetterjob.D.Achancetobuildconnections.C.Abreakthroughinhisstudy.25.Whydidtheauthorbecomedisappointedathisproject?A.Itwasofslightpracticaluse.B.Ithadahighdegreeofdifficulty.C.Itfailedtomeethissocialneed.D.Itshowedanunpromisingfuture.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"amplified"inparagraph3mean?A.Reflected.B.Caused.C.Solved.D.Increased.27.Howdidthecharityworkafettheauthor?A.Itinspiredhimtofacechallenges.B.Itmadehimregainself-confidence.C.Ithelpedhimfindapurposeinlife.D.Itfueledhisenthusiasmforhisprogram.CDiscoveriesatthefamousSanxingduiruinsinSouthwestChinashowthattheregion’sancientShuKingdomCivilizationsharedsimilaritieswiththeMaya.第4页，共11页TheSanxingduiruinsbelongedtotheShuKingdomthatexistedatleast4,800yearsagoandlastedmorethan2,000years,whiletheMayancivilizationbuiltitscity-statesaround200AD．Thebronze-maderemainsoftreesunearthedattheruinsoftheShuKingdomresemblethesacredceibatree,whichsymbolizedtheunionofheaven,earthandtheunderworldintheMayancivilization.“Theyareveryimportantsimilarities,”saysSantos,aMexicanarchaeologist(考古学家)stressingthat“therepresentationsoftreesinbothculturesprovideasymbolismthatisverysimilar”.ThefindingsattheSanxingduiruins,consideredoneofthegreatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,alsoshowanewaspectofBronzeAgeculture,indicatingtheancientcivilizationalreadyhadtechnologiesthatwerethoughttohavebeendevelopedmuchlater.WhilethetimespanbetweentheShukingdomandtheMayancultureisgreat,thefindingshighlighttheclosenessbetweenthetwocivilizations.Theydevelopedinareaswithcomparableclimatesandreflectedtheirworldviewthroughrelatedsymbols.“Intheend,manisstillman,independentoftimeandspace.Whatwehaveisthat,atthislatitude(纬度),boththeShupeopleandtheMayanslookedatthesameskyandhadthesamestarsonthehorizon,”theexpertsays.OnenotablefeatureoftherecentdiscoveriesatSanxingduiwasthecross-subjectworkandtechnologyappliedbyteamsofChinesearchaeologists,whichallowedtheunearthingofartifactsasfragileassilkremains,whichothertypesoflesscarefuldiggingmethodswouldnothavebeenabletoregister.CooperationbetweenChineseandMexicanarchaeologistscouldbenefitprojectsintheMayanworld,wheretherainyclimateandhumidityareproblematicfortheconservationofruins.“Everytimeourculturalknowledgeincreases,regardlessofwhetherwespeakonelanguageoranother,whatitshowsusisthatwecontinuetobesisterculturesand,therefore,theexchangeofsuchknowledgeisfundamental,”saysSantos.28．WhatisasimilaritybetweentheShuKingdomandMayacivilization?A．Theirstartingtime.B．Theirhistoricalorigins.C．Theirculturalsymbols.D．Theirceremonytraditions.29．ThefindingsattheSanxingduiruinshaveprovedthat________.A．silkwasacommonclothingmaterialthenB．sometechnologiesweredevelopedmuchearlierC．theBronzeAgestartedearlierthanpreviouslyassumedD．theShuKingdomandtheMayanworldhadclosecontact30．Whatisacommonchallengefortheconservationofbothruins?A．Dampweather.C．Highlatitude.B．Positioningofruins.D．Languagebarriers.31．WhatisthefocusofSantosquoteinthelastparagraph?A．Ourculturalknowledgeisincreasing.B．Thebenefitsofspeakingadifferentlanguage.C．TheincreasingsisterhoodinculturebetweenChinaandMexico.D．Theimportanceoftheexchangeofculturalknowledge.第5页，共11页DSeveralyearsago,JasonBox,ascientistfromOhio,flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10,000feetofice,thenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun,keepingtheicecoolbelow.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults,hefounditworked.Exposedicehadmeltedfasterthancoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetofglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown,nojobswerelost,andnobodywastaxedorfired.Justthesortoffixwe’relookingfor.“Thankyou,butnothankyou.”saysRalphKing,aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds.authorandcommentator,thatpeoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet,“butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith,likeconsumption.Theyburned$50,000justforthehelicopter”tobringtheplastictotheglacier.Thisexperiment,quote-unquote,givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehavior.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims,wewillbeclimateChoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives.Theengineerswillgetsmarter,thetoolswillgetbetter,andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.butthatthen?“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback,Greywrites.”“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingicebyourownwill,”hesays.Me?Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself,Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace,butforthemoment,sittingatmydesk,lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling,I’mhappynottobeincharge.32．WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B．Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C．Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D．Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.33．WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?A．Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B．Technologyisnotthefinalsolution,letaloneitshighcost.C．It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.D．Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.34．WhatisGreyChilds’sattitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?A．FavorableB．TolerantC．Doubtful.D．Unclear.35．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Butshouldwefixtheclimate?B．Isclimatechangearealproblem?C．Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?D．Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?第6页，共11页第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)余选项。OscarWildeoncesaid,“Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth.”Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills.andcapableofself-expression.37Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore:3836ArttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeYoungchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.39However,arttherapistscanguidepeopleinexpressingthemselveswithoutconcerningwhethertheirartworkistechnicallybrilliant,sothattheycanconnectorreconnectwiththeartworksthathelpthemdealwithlifechallenges.Whatarearttherapists’superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.40Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.A．Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B．Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C．Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D．But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E．Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F．Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G．However,witharttherapists’help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.第三部分语言运用(共五节，满分70分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Schoolbusesarefamiliartomostpeople.However,SamBalto,anelementaryschoolteacher,createsabrand-new41ofschoolbusesinPortland,Oreg4243loadingkidsintotheyellowvehicles,heinvolvestheminaschool"bikebus".Thebikebusdifferentlyfromthewayschoolbusesdo.There'retwomeetuplocationsforkids.Afterthetwogroups44,thechildrencycletoschooltogether.Thoughpopularinsomeareas,bikebusesarestill45intheU.S.Balto'sideaforthatbeganasaninitiativeforEarthDay,whichsurprisinglybecamea46,withmoststudentsinBalto’sschoolparticipating.Thenhedicidedto47.Now48thebikebusinaction."Kids49theride.Parentsnoticeonbikebusmornings,kidsgetupandoutofhome50.They're第7页，共11页eagertobewithfriends,"saidBalto.Actually,its51gobeyondpromotingsocializing.Thephysicalactivityhelps52kids'strengthandit'salsoclimateaction.Rightnow,Baltofeelsit's53toofferthebikebusonceaweekandhe'srelyingonvolunteersandseekingofficialolspayadultstoleadit,"Baltoexplained.Ifpossible,heencouragesotherPortlandschoolsto_55them."Morekidsacrossthecityshouldhavesuchpleasantexperiences."54."Itcanbeadailywaytotransportkidsifcitiesorscho41.A.signalB.approachB.RatherthanB.movesC.versionC.RegardlessofC.appearsC.returnD.functionD.ApartfromD.matchesD.begin42.A.Asfor43.A.operates44.A.agreeB.gather45.A.complex46.A.hitB.necessaryB.reminderB.manageB.witnessesB.joinC.practicalC.taskD.rareD.routine47.A.upgrade48.A.indicates49.A.understand50.A.consciously51.A.aimsC.continueC.ReflectsC.ShareD.examineD.changesD.enjoyB.freelyC.ActivelyC.FeaturesC.getbackC.InexpensiveC.InvestmentC.assistD.naturallyD.challengesD.letoutB.benefitsB.drawonB.unsafe52.A.buildup53.A.uncertain54.A.guidance55.A.recommendD.inadequateD.PermissionD.followB.announcementB.accompany第二节单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。56．Historyisthebestteacher.It________recordsthedevelopmentpathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.A．apparentlyB．conventionallyC．faithfullyD．eventually57Itseemsimpossibleforthetwoneighboringcountriestoarriveata_______ontheconflictinthenearfuture.A．comprehensionB．compromiseC．combinationD．competence58.--Johnson,youneedtotake&breakfromallthishardwork.Remembernothingcanforthelossofyourhealth.-OK,Iwill.A.facilitateB.complicateC.compensateD.conserve59．Theword“ungelivable”,basedonChinese,whichhasbecomeabighitonlineveryquickly,_________amessagethatChinesecanalsoserveasanadditiontoEnglishvocabulary.A．conveysB．acknowledgesC．declaresD．assesses60.Whenevertheteacherasksaquestionofmyslowdesk.mate,heoftenstandsupandconstantlyscratcheshishead.A.AccidentallyB.unconsciouslyC.elegantlyD.coincidentally61．Johnwasdismissedlastweekbecauseofhis______attitudetowardshisjob.第8页，共11页A．informalB．casualD．earnestC．determined62．Thereisanobvious________betweentheculturesoftheWestandEast.A．contraryB．contactC．contractD．contrast63WhenRichardsaid“YouaremuchmoreagreeableandprettiernowJoan’sfaceturnedredattheunexpected_____.A．commandB．comparisonC．expectationD．compliment64．Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythe________hekeeps.A．companyC．conceptB．customD．community65．Williamfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningto________.A．disappearC．fallB．failD．damage66Peoplecomplainthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften______ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.A．exceptionalC．arbitraryB．diverseD．controversial67．Itisnotsocially____forparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.A．accessibleB．adorableC．adaptableD．Acceptable68.Mostparksinourcityarefree.Theydon’tchargemoneyfor________.A．agreementB．admissionC．permissionD．Entertainment69Peng’scompanymakes____700,000yuanforeachpartnershipitsetsupandmoreimportantly,benefitsbothlocalpeopleandforeigncountries.A．approximatelyB．appropriatelyC．absolutelyD．Desperately70.Thesearticles________theproblemsofthemodernworld,includingracerelationsandcommunitydevelopment.A.addressB.accelerateC.accumulateD.disturb第三节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据汉语意恩和肖字母完成单词拼写。71.Spokesmanhasc______(证实)thatthereisnoChinesecrewontheshiphijackedbySomalipirates.72.Anyone,whetherbeisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbee______(平等地)respected.73.Johnisane_______(精力充沛的)boy.WheneverIscehim,beisworking74.Shedevotedherselfe_____(完全地)toherresearchanditanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.75.Don'tdefendhimanymore.It'sobviousthatbedestroyedthefenceofthegardend______（故意地）evenwithoutapology,76.TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithasb______(分行)alloverthecounty.77.Carbondioxide,whichmakeab_____（屏障）betweenusandthesun,preventsheatfromgettingoutoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearthisbecomingwarmer.第9页，共11页78.Asapopulationprogram,TheVoiceofChinasucceededindevelopingpeople's_____(欣赏)ofthedifferentmusicstylesratherthanthesingers'appearance.79.Hetriedtoreturnthework,butfoundbecouldnolongerdealwithhisd_______(高要求的)job.80.Chengduisfamousforvariouskindsofsmacks.Preparedindifferentway,theyf_____(以..为特色)differenttaste,goodqualityandlowprices.第四节用单词的适当形式完成短文（每空1.5共15）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChiefExecutiveOfficerofBeijingAiqiTechno