牛津译林版（2023）必修 第一册Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good Grammar and usage课件(共71张PPT)

第第页牛津译林版（2023）必修第一册Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodGrammarandusage课件(共71张PPT)(共71张PPT)

Grammar

学习目标

1

2

3

understandthemeaningsofrestrictiverelativeclauses

withrelativeadverbs

summarizethegeneralrulesofrestrictiverelative

clauseswithrelativeadverbs

applyrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativeadverbsto

specificsituations

基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义

指代人

指代事物

所属关系

指地点

指时间

指原因

who,whom,that

which,that

whose

where

when

why

关系代词

关系副词

归纳总结

做题技巧

先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分

Let'ssharesomeChinesesongsandtrytocompletetheattributiveclausesintheirEnglishversionbyusingproperrelativewords.

Challengeyourself

导入

1.黄品源《小薇》有一个美丽的小女孩，她的名字叫做小薇。

Thereisabeautifulgirl_______nameisXiaowei.

whose

导入

2.梁静茹《宁夏》那是个宁静的夏天，你来到宁夏的那一天。

That'sthequietsummer______youcametoNingxia.

when

导入

3.蔡依林《爱情三十六计》爱是一种奇妙的东西，会让人突然不能呼吸。

Loveisawonder__________takesmybreathaway.

which/that

导入

4.S.H.E手不是手，是温柔的宇宙，我这个小星球就在你手中转动。

Yourhandisatenderuniversein______I'mturningaround.

which

导入

5.陈小春《算你狠》你要学学那个屡战屡败的陈小春

You'dbetterlearnfromChen,______keepsfightingnomatterhowmanytimesheloses.

who

导入

6.阿杜《哈罗》我想要说的全都写在眼里面。

All________Iwanttosayiswritteninmyeyes.

that

导入

7.王心凌《睫毛弯弯》大风吹吹什么,吹一见钟情的人。

Thestrongwindisblowingatthose______fallinloveatthefirstsight.

who

导入

8.潘玮柏《不得不爱》可是你给我的爱让我养成了依赖。

Thelove___________yougivememakesmerelyonyou.

which/that

导入

9.谢霆锋《黄种人》从来没有医不好的伤。

Thereisneverawound______cannotbecured.

that

导入

10.梁静茹《丝路》我将眼泪流成天山上面的湖，让你疲惫时能够扎营停驻。

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake,by_______youcancampwhentired.

which

导入

Therelativeadverb关系副词whererefersto指的是aplace,therelativeadverbwhenrefersto(1)____________,andtherelativeadverbwhyrefersto(2)__________________.

Inmoreformal正式的English,therelativeadverbswhere,whenandwhycanbereplaced替代by“preposition介词+(3)relativepronouns.关系代词”

“Workingouttherules”P48

time

areason

关系代词作介词宾语，当介词前置时，只能用______指人，______指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

1.Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking=

Doyouknowtheboy________________shewastalkingto

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

who/whom/that/省

whom

which

关系词

关系

代词

关系

副词

whowhom

thatwhich

whoseas

when

where

why

1

关系副词

当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。

还有一个万能关系副词that.

状语是一种用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。

关系副词的作用

指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。

在从句中充当句子成分-状语。

连接：把主句和定语从句连接起来。

关系副词修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分

when时间名词时间状语

where地点名词地点状语

why原因名词原因状语

thattime,place,reason,way时间、地点、原因、方式状语

when

when引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词，如time，moment，month，day，year等，在定语从句中作时间状语。

Doyourememberthedaywhenhewasborn你记得他出生的日子吗？

Wedon’tknowtheexacttimewhenhewillreturn.我们不知道他将要回来的确切日期。

where

where引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词，如school，house，place等；也包括抽象的地点position、stage；隐形的地点：news，story，words在定语从句中作地点状语。

Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.这座房子就是他出生的地方。

Canyouthinkofasituationwherethephrasecanbeused你能想出一个可以使用这个词组的场合吗？

why

why引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示原因的词，在定语从句中作原因状语。

Tellmethereasonwhyyouwereangryyesterday.告诉我你昨天生气的原因。

that

that是一个多功能词，它可以用作关系副词引导定语从句，修饰表示时间（time）、地点（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way）。that作关系副词时，相当于when，where，why，“介词+which”，而且一般可以省略。

表示时间时，that相当于when或“介词+which”，可省略。

Istillrememberthetime(that/when/inwhich)Ihelpedmyfatheronthefarm.

我仍然记得在农场里帮助我爸爸的那段岁月。

表示地点时，that相当于where或“介词+which”，可省略。

Ihaveneverbeentotheplace(that/where/inwhich)theAmericanslive.

我从未到过那些米国人居住的地方。

表示原因时，that相当于why或forwhich，可省略。

Thereason（that/why/forwhich）helosthislifewaslackofmedicalcare.

他的死是由于医疗护理的缺乏。

表示方式时，that相当于inwhich，可省略。

Canyouworkoutaway(that/inwhich)wecansolvethisproblem

你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方法吗？

不能用how引导定语从句！how从不引导定语从句。

做题技巧

判：判断从句成分结构是否完整。

句子不完整：缺少主、宾、表、定用关系代词；

句子完整：只是缺少状语用关系副词。

找：看主句，找先行词，指人还是指物。

看：①看是否有特殊情况；

②看定语从句中的动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，及物动词后无宾语，用关系代词，不及物动词则用关系副词。

举个

Thisisthefactory___________Ivisitedlastyear.

(从句缺少宾语，故用关系代词；先行词是物，可选用that/whic;无特殊情况，两个都可以选。)

Thisisthefactory_________heusedtowork.

（从句句意完整，故用关系副词；thefactory是地点，故用where。）

We’llneverfogettheday________wework(不及物动词)inthevillage.

We’llneverforgettheday____________wespent(及物动词)inthevillage.

that/which

where

when

that/which

关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用______指人，______指物；但如果介词______，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

whom

which

后置

1Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking=

Doyouknowtheboy__________shewastalkingto

2.Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.=

Thepencil___________hewaswritingsuddenlybroke.

that/whom/-

withwhich

II.介词的选用原则

根据定语从句中

谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。

①ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.

②ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8yuan.

spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配

paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配

2)根据

先行词的搭配习惯来决定。

①IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.

②IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.

③IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.

强调在具体某一天要用介词on

强调在某几天时间内要用介词during

在month前介词要用in

3)根据从句中动词与先行词的_________。

Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles

writesthfor

4)根据从句中形容词的__________。

CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’mnotsure？

besureabout

逻辑关系

习惯搭配

补充：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof。

①Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.

②Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.

1.Doyoulikethebook_________shespent$10

2.Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10

onwhich

Useproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.

forwhich

Practiceone

3.Doyoulikethebook__________shelearnedalot

4.Doyoulikethebook______________sheoftentalks

5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.

fromwhich

about/ofwhich

ofwhich

6.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.

7.Thisisthebook_____Iamlookingfor.

8.Thesungivesuslightandheat,whichwecan’tlive.

towhom

which

without

1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.

A.whoB.as

C.aboutwhichD.withwhom

Practicetwo

2.TheEnglishplay______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.

A.forwhichB.atwhich

C.inwhichD.onwhich

3.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,______fivearemine.

A.onwhichB.inwhich

C.ofwhichD.fromwhich

“介词+关系代词”前或后还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。如：

①Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.

他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。

②Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(=＿＿＿＿＿＿＿)havegonebad.

篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。

③Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,

＿＿＿＿＿(=＿＿＿＿＿＿＿)arefrombigcities.

我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大城市。

someofwhich

ofwhichsome

mostofwhom

ofwhommost

④Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,

________________(=_________________)are

aboutcountrylife.

迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。

threeofwhich

ofwhichthree

C:Tomorrowisaparticulardayhisdaughterwillgetmarried.

D:Iwentbacktotheplace_________Iwasbornandgrewup.

A:I’llneverforgetthedaywhichshesaidgood-byetome.

B:Whocangivemethereasonwhichhehasn’tturnedupyet

on

for

when

why

onwhich

when

inwhich

where

1.定语从句中关系副词有？

2.关系副词在定语从句中作？语

3.关系副词when,where和why也可用“？+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配。

when=“at/in/during…+which”

where=“in/at/on…+which”

why=“for+which”

4并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时不是都用when,where,why，应视？？

(还原法)如果先行词代入从句中不需要加介词用关系代词，需要额外加介词用关系副词。

Istillremembertheday________Icamehere.

2.Istillremembertheday_____Icamehere.

3.Istillremembertheday____________wespenttogether.

onwhich

when

(which/that)

Iwenttotheplace________weworkedtenyearsago.

2.Iwenttotheplace______weworkedtenyearsago.

3.Iwenttotheplace___________wevisitedtenyearsago.

atwhich

where

(which/that)

Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.

2.Thisisthereason____________heexplainedtome.

3.Thisisthereason__________canexplainhisbeinglate.

why/forwhich

(which/that)

which/that

思考

是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替

1.Thepainting(________Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.

2.Thebook(___________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.

atwhich

aboutwhich

3.Thepen(__________shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamuseum.

4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_____________)flowersareseenalltheyearround.

5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_____________)thegreatwriterusedtolive.

withwhich

where/inwhich

where/inwhich

6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_____________)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.

结论：只有当“介词+关系代词”充当？时，才能用关系副词代替。

onwhich/when

duringwhich

Practice:

1.Iknowthereason_____________hecamelate.

2.Doyouknowthewoman,________sonwenttocollegelastyear

3.Thehouse_______colorisredisJohn’s.

4.Thisisthebestfilm______I’veeverseen.

5.That’sthetown_____________heworkedin1987.

why/forwhich

whose

whose

(that)

where/inwhich

6.Thosewho________togotothecinemamust

beattheschoolgateby3:30p.m.(want)

7.Hewho_______________thegreatwallisnotatrueman.(notreach)

8.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho______beentoBeijing.(have)

9.Heisoneoftheboyswho______seenthefilm.(have)

10.Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.

want

doesn’treach

has

have

(which/that)

11Theshop______Iboughtthebookisbig.

12Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.

13Theshop_________islocatednearbymyhouseisbig.

14Thereason___________hewaslateisunkown.

15Thereason__________hetoldmeforhisabsenceisnottrue.

where

which/that

why/forwhich

(which/that)

(which/that)

16.Whoisthecomrade____wasthere

17.Thereisabedintheroom____isstillempty.

18.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindowsmostof________hadn’tbeencleanedatleastayear.

19Thisisthe2ndarticle_________Ihave

writteninEnglish.

20Thisistheverybook________Iwanttoread.

that

that

which

that

that

特殊的先行词

theway:作为先行词在定语从句中

作方式状语时，关系词可以用that/inwhich或省略；

作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which或省略

1Thewayhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemisacleverone.

AhowBthatCinwhichDinthat

B

2Idon’tlikethewayyoulaughather.

AwhichBthatCinthatDwhat