挑战练05 七选五(记叙文)(解析版)-2020-2021学年下学期高一英语期末题型挑战练(全国通用)

2020~2021学年下学期高一英语期末题型挑战练(全国通用)05七选五(记叙文)1Itwasalittlebeforenineo'clockonTuesdaynight.1.“Doyouneedasecondhelpingofpudding?"awaitressasked.Antonio,whohadalreadyfinishedaplateofpasta,aFishStewandasliceofcake,couldn'tansweritrightaway.Thequestionmightbecommonformostdiners,butforhim,itwasentirelynovelbecausehewashomelessandwashavingthemealforfree.2..Hehadnopreparationforit.3.Butatnight,ittransformsitselfintoapioneeringplacewherehomelesspeoplesuchasAntoniocandinefreeofcharge,attablessetwithflowers,metalcutlery（餐具）andproperglasses.Therestaurantisthelatestinitiative（初步行动）fromthecharityMensajerosdelaPaz.Itwasfounded54yearsagobyFatherAngelGarciaRodriguez.Itsbusinessmodel–usingbreakfastandlunchtakingsfrompayingcustomerstofundfreeeveningmealsforthehomeless-issimpleenough.4.“TheinspirationcamefromPopeFrancis,who'sspokenagainandagainabouttheimportanceofgivingpeopledignity,whetherit'sthroughbreadorthroughwork,"saidFatherAngel.“5.Peoplewithnothingcancomeandeatintherestaurantandgetthesametreatmentaseveryoneelse.It'sjustcommonsense."A.Byday,theRobinHoodrestaurant,whichsitsonasidestreetnearthecenterofMadrid,isatypicalSpanishbar.B.Sowethought,whynotopenarestaurantwithtablecloths,propercutleryandwaiters?C.Theyplantoextendtheschemeandhopesitwillattractfamouschefstocometocook.D.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadbeenaskedsuchaquestion.E.Thehomelessaretreatedwithrespectattherestaurant.F.Antoniofoundhimselffacingawelcomedilemma.G.Itsaim,however,isalittleambitious.【答案】1.F2.D3.A4.G5.B【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了安东尼奥在一家利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐的慈善餐厅用餐的故事。1.结合后文Antonio,whohadalreadyfinishedaplateofpasta,aFishStewandasliceofcake,couldn'tansweritrightaway.Thequestionmightbecommonformostdiners,butforhim,itwasentirelynovelbecausehewashomelessandwashavingthemealforfree.安东尼奥已经吃完一盘意大利面、一份炖鱼和一块蛋糕，他不能马上回答。这个问题对大多数用餐者来说可能很常见，但对他来说，这完全是个新奇的问题，因为他无家可归，而且是免费用餐。安东尼奥正在面临着已经吃饱了，可是如果走了又无家可归的两难境地。F.Antoniofoundhimselffacingawelcomedilemma.安东尼奥发现自己面临一个受欢迎的两难境地。符合此处语境。故选F项。2.结合前文“Doyouneedasecondhelpingofpudding?"awaitressasked.“你需要再来一份布丁吗？”一位女服务员问道。及后文Hehadnopreparationforit.他没有准备。D.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadbeenaskedsuchaquestion.这是第一次有人问他这样的问题。与前文问题相照应，也与后文“没有准备好回答”相对应。故选D项。3.结合后文Butatnight,ittransformsitselfintoapioneeringplacewherehomelesspeoplesuchasAntoniocandinefreeofcharge,attablessetwithflowers,metalcutlery（餐具）andproperglasses.但到了晚上，它就变成了一个开拓性的地方，像安东尼奥这样的无家可归者可以在摆满鲜花、金属餐具和玻璃杯的桌子上免费用餐。结合连词but可知，此处应该为描述与后文晚上相反的白天的酒店状态。A.Byday,theRobinHoodrestaurant,whichsitsonasidestreetnearthecenterofMadrid,isatypicalSpanishbar.白天，罗宾汉餐厅坐落在马德里市中心附近的一条小街上，是一家典型的西班牙酒吧。与后文形成转折。故选A项。4.结合前文Itsbusinessmodel–usingbreakfastandlunchtakingsfrompayingcustomerstofundfreeeveningmealsforthehomeless-issimpleenough.它的商业模式非常简单，利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐。G.Itsaim,however,isalittleambitious.它的目标有些雄心勃勃。早餐和午餐收入是远不及晚餐的，因此用早餐和午餐的收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐有些雄心勃勃。故选G项。5.结合后文Peoplewithnothingcancomeandeatintherestaurantandgetthesametreatmentaseveryoneelse.没有任何东西的人可以来餐馆吃饭，得到和其他人一样的待遇。B.Sowethought,whynotopenarestaurantwithtablecloths,propercutleryandwaiters?所以我们想，为什么不开一家有桌布、餐具和服务员的餐厅呢？此处的开餐馆与后文的来餐馆吃饭相对应。故选B项。2My70-year-oldgrandpahasalwaysbeenmyhero.Afterhisparentsdied,grandpalivedaveryhardlifewithfiveyoungerbrothersandsisters.6.Whenhewas17,hedecidedtojointhearmytofightintheVietnamWar.Andsinceheretired,hehasbeenlivinginthecountryside.HestudiedhighschooltextbooksbyhimselfandpassedtheNationalExaminationwithahighscore.Hishardlifehasshapedhimintoatoughguy.Yearslater,hebecameagrandfather.7.Whenheadvisedmetoreadnewspapersandwatchnewsreportsmore,ItoldhimIfoundthesethingsboring,butheexplainedthatbywatchingnewsoneisabletounderstandhowtheworldworks.SoItriedtofollownewsupdatesasmuchasIcould,andIsoonbecameinterested.WhenIhadahardtimepracticingtheviolin,grandpaencouragedme,“8.It’sasimportantassuccess.”SoIkeptonpracticingeventhoughIoftenthoughtaboutgivingup.Inanopenclasstheotherday,Iwasselectedbymyteachertopresentmyprogressinfrontofthewholeclass.ItwasthenthatIknewmygrandfather’sencouragementhadpaidoff.9.Oneday,Ireallywantedtoeatthecherriesfromourbackyardeventhoughtheywerenotyetripe.Ipickedonefromthetree,andittastedhardandsour.“Youneedtowait,”Grandpatoldme.“Ittakestimeforplantstogrow,andsodoyou.Beingslowisnotalwaysabadthing.”Mygrandpatrulyismyhero.10.He’sbeentheretoguidemeeachstepofthewayinmylife.A.Failureissomethingnoonecanavoid.B.Heissuchacheerfulandwiseman.C.IalsolearnedaboutpatiencefromGrandpa.D.Heturnedintoonewholovesmeandteachesmelifelessons.E.Therefore,hehadtoworkveryhardtryingtosupportthewholefamily.【答案】6.E7.D8.A9.C10.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的祖父是作者心目中的英雄和人生导师，教导和影响着作者的为人处世。6.根据Afterhisparentsdied,grandpalivedaveryhardlifewithfiveyoungerbrothersandsisters.可知当时祖父的生活很艰难并且还有五个弟弟妹妹，所以他要努力工作支撑整个家庭，故选E。7.根据Yearslater,hebecameagrandfather.他成为了一个祖父的身份，故选D。8.根据WhenIhadahardtimepracticingtheviolin,grandpaencouragedme可知祖父在我困难的生活鼓励我，所以我才没有放弃弹小提琴，他认为失败无法避免，它和成功一样重要，故选A。9.根据“Youneedtowait,”Grandpatoldme.“Ittakestimeforplantstogrow,andsodoyou.Beingslowisnotalwaysabadthing.”可知祖父告诉他要等待，要耐心，故选C。10.根据最后一段作者对祖父的夸赞，可知祖父是他英雄和人生每一步的导师，故选B。3InAmericancountryside,themessagewehearisthis:Goandgetaneducation.Leaveyoursmalltownandmakesomethingofyourself11..Leave.Go.AftergraduatingfromahighschoolinHelena,Arkansas,Ididgo.IwenttoColbyCollegeinMaine.Ihadvisitedtheschoolaheadoftime,soIknewwhatIwasgettingmyselfinto.Iknewaboutthedifferenceinweather.12..ButIwantedtochallengeandgetoutofmycomfortzone.Andyounowwhat?13..Onlyonethingtookmebysurprise—fewstudentswerefromthecountryside.MostoftheotherstudentsatColbywerefrombigcities:NewYork,Boston,LosAngeles,SanFrancisco...AndwhenIhadconversationswiththesestudents—inoroutsideofclass—wealmostalwaysfocusedontopicsfacinglargeAmericancities.Inmyeducationclasses,itwasalways“urbanthis”and“urbanthat”.14..Andthisurbaninterestdoesn’tjusthappenincollege.Iwenttoaneducationmeetingacoupleofyearsago,andaprofessor,anexpertineducation,wastheretogiveaspeech.Iwaschosentobepartofasmallgroupthatgottomeetwithhim.Sotherewewere,fiveorsixofussittinginaroom,andIaskedhim,“Whatareyourthoughtsonthestateofeducationinthecountryside?”Andthismanwasspeechless.I’llneverforgetthatmoment.Itspeakstoalargertruth.Townslikemineareforgotten.Moreandmoreyoungpeopleareheadingforourbigcities,leavingsmalltownsandnevercomingback.ButIdon’twanttoaddtothatmovement.15..Nowit’smyturntohelppeopleyoungerthanme.Andyouknowwhat?I’masixthgradeteacherinHelenanow.A.IwanttodotheoppositeB.Understoodthedifferenceinsocialatmosphere.C.Getwellpreparedforyourfuture.D.Ididlovemytimethere.E.Youngpeoplecan’tgobacktotheirtowns.F.ItwaslikesmalltownAmericadidn’texist.G.Successandopportunityarefoundelsewhere.【答案】11.G12.B13.D14.F15.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者体会到的美国人对于小城镇和城市态度的不同。11.根据上文Leaveyoursmalltownandmakesomethingofyourself（离开你的小镇，做点自己的事）可推测下文继续描述这么做的原因是：成功和机遇在别处都能找到。故G选项符合语境。12.根据上文Iknewaboutthedifferenceinweather.（我知道天气的不同。）中difference可对应到B选项中thedifference，表示“了解社会氛围的差异。”符合上下文语境。故选B。13.根据下文Onlyonethingtookmebysurprise—fewstudentswerefromthecountryside.（只有一件事让我吃惊——几乎没有学生来自农村。）可知描述的是作者在大学时期的事情，故D选项表示“我很喜欢在那里的时光。”符合语境。故选D。14.根据上文Inmyeducationclasses,itwasalways“urbanthis”and“urbanthat”.（在我的课堂上，总是“城市这个”和“城市那个”。）可知课堂上过分强调城市，就好像美国的小城镇不存在一样。故F选项符合语境。15.根据上文ButIdon’twanttoaddtothatmovement.（但我不想加入这个运动。）可知作者想做与之相反的事情，不参加这个运动。故选A选项符合语境。4Whentheworldwasnew，allthepeopleoftheworldspokeonetongue.Therewasnohungerandpeoplewereneversick.Theheatofthedaybroughtnoinsectsandnowilddogscameinthedarknight.16..InthelandofthetwogreatriversthereweremanygodsbutEnkiwasamongthegreatest.17..Hewaswiseandpowerful.ThekingofthecityofUrukwasbuildingagreattempletoEnki，higherandmorebeautifulthananytempleeverbuilt.18.，butitwasnotcomplete.Thekingcametoseethebuildingandhewasn'tsatisfied."Thistemplemustbethemostbeautifulintheworld，"hecried.“Imusthavemoregoldanddiamonds.”19.，sothekingofUruksentamessagetodemandtheybesenttohim.ThekingofArattarefusedangrily，saying，"Youwillneverhavethetreasureofmypeople.Youmustsendyourarmiesandwewillmakewar."Enkisawthatthousandsofpeoplewoulddie,sohespokehisnam-shub,wordsofmagicintheoriginallanguageoftheworld.Themindsofpeoplebecameconfused.20..ThekingsofArattaandUruk,thesoldiersandallthepeoplefoundthattheycouldnotunderstandeachother.Thustheytravelledacrosstheworldtobuildnewcitiesforthemselves.ThekingsofArattaandUrukcouldn'tstartawaranylonger.A.SkilledworkersfromacrossthelandhadbeenworkingformanyyearsB.AllthepeoplehadbreadandfishtoeatC.ThelandofArattahadmountainsfullofgoldanddiamondsD.ThetonguesoftheworldwouldbeunitedagainE.OnelanguagesbecamemanylanguagesF.WorkersfromUruksufferedalotG.ItwasEnkiwhohadbroughtwatertotheland【答案】16.B17.G18.A19.C20.E【解析】这是一篇记叙文。世界最初，所有世界人民说一种语言。没有饥饿，也没有人生病。文章讲述了最伟大的神Enki是如何让阿拉塔和乌鲁克的国王再也不能发动战争了。16.上文提示“炎热的白天没有昆虫，黑夜也没有野狗。”承接上文，B项Allthepeoplehadbreadandfishtoeat（所有的人都有面包和鱼吃）切题。故选B。17.上文提示“在两条大河的土地上有许多神，但Enki是其中最伟大的神之一。”下文提示“他既聪明又强大。”承接上下文，G项ItwasEnkiwhohadbroughtwatertotheland（是Enki把水带到这片土地上来的）切题。18.根据后半句和下一句“但它并不完整。国王来看这座建筑，他不满意。”后半句中的but表示一种转折，承接下文，A项Skilledworkersfromacrossthelandhadbeenworkingformanyyears（来自全国各地的熟练工人多年来一直在工作）切题。故选A。19.根据后半句提示“于是Uruk差遣人去请他们来见他。”承接后半句，C项ThelandofArattahadmountainsfullofgoldanddiamonds（Aratta的土地上有满山的黄金和钻石）切题。根据后半句的so可知前后是一种因果关系，故选C。20.下文提示“阿拉塔和乌鲁克的国王、士兵和所有的人都发现彼此无法理解。”承接下文，E项Onelanguagesbecamemanylanguages（一种语言变成了多种语言）切题。故选E。5Whenandwhydidyoustartrunning?ItwasMarch2017.Myfamilyhadgonethroughaterribleexperience.MynephewPeterhadhisarmsandlegscuttosavehislifefromtheafter-effectsofmeningitis(脑膜炎).21..Ineededtogetfitandhealthyformyfamily,tobecomearolemodelforthem.Peterinspiresmetolivelifetothefull:hedoesn’tlethisdisabilitygetinhisway!Whatraceresultareyoumostpleasedwith?I'mproudofalltheracesI’vedone.IneverthoughtI'dbeabletocallmyselfarunner.Inowregularlyraceandlovebringinghomemedalsformydaughterstobeinspiredby.22.!What'snext?23..WestartedacampaigncalledHope4Peterandsupporthasbeenamazing:ourlocalcommunityhelpedraise₤240kforprostheticlegs(假肢)andphysiotherapy.We’vehadhugesupportfromMeningitisNowandTimeisPrecioustoo,andI’llberaisingmoneyforthem,butalsopushingPeteraroundthefullcourse.24..Whatdoesrunningmeantoyou?I’vesufferedwithmentalhealthproblemsandrunninggivesmeaclearheadandremovesnegative(消极的)thoughtsandstress.25..Weshouldbesogratefulforourbodiesandwhatamazingthingstheycando!A.ItwasquiteashocktomeB.TheLondonHalfMarathonC.ThatmakesmekeeprunningD.MyfavoritethingtodoisrunamarathonE.IlovethefreedomofitandIlovethefactIcanrunF.NochildhasevertakenpartinthefullhalfmarathonG.Idolovetohaveacoolchocolate,bananaandapplepieafterrunning【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.F25.E【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的侄儿Peter由于脑膜炎被截肢，这个事件以及Peter的精神使得作者决心变得健康成为全家人的榜样。于是他从自己擅长的长跑开始，带Peter一起长跑参加马拉松，筹集捐款，一边努力克服着困难，一边追求健康的生活。21.空格位于段中。空格前一句话句意为：我的侄儿Peter由于脑膜炎后遗症双手和双腿都被截肢了。选项A中的It可以用来指代这个事件，并且选项A中的me与下句中的I也是呼应关系。这样选项A就在上下句之间起到了承上启下的作用。故选A。22.空格位于段尾。空格位于第一个小标题下段落内，第一个小标题意思为：你最满意的比赛结果是什么呢？空格前一句话意思为：我现在常常跑步并且喜欢把奖牌带回家鼓舞女儿。选项C中的That可以指代这句话，且keeprunning与上句中的“regularlyrace”呼应。故选C。23.空格位于段首。由于空格所在段落标题为问句“下一步是什么呢？”，所以段首开始应该是一个答句。选项B（伦敦半程马拉松）可以作为答句，且与上段中的regularlyrace呼应，说明伦敦马拉松是下一次race的项目。故选B。24.空格位于段尾。空格上一句话意为：我们也得到了Meningitis和TimeisPrecious的大力支持，并且我将为它们筹钱，而且我推着Peter跑完了全程。选项F中的Child与Peter呼应，其中的thefullhalfmarathon与上一个空格处单词呼应。故选F。25.空格位于段中。空格上一句意为：我遭受过精神健康的问题，跑步让我头脑清醒，让我远离消极的情绪和压力。选项E中的thefreedomofit与这句话中描述的跑步的好处相呼应，且it与running是指代关系。故选E。6LizzyGreene’sofficialwebsitesaysitall:"Actress,Artist&AnimalLover."At13,Lizzyhasperformedinchildren’stheater,andsheisatrainedgymnast.SheismostknownforherroleasDawnHarperonNickelodeonsNicky,Ricky,Dicky&Dawn.NowLizzyistakingonanotherrole—asavoiceforanimals.26.Shegrewupwithdogs,andherfamily’spetisa110-poundGermanshepherd(牧羊犬)namedJett.Ontheshow,Lizzysharesthescreenwithalovable20-pounddognamedSquishyPaws.Insecondgrade,shestationedherselfoutsideherschooltoaskfordonations(捐款)toalocalanimalshelter.27.NowLizzyisalsospeakingoutforfarmanimals.She’srecentlyjoinedTheHumaneSocietyoftheUnitedStates,MeatlessMondaymovement.SheencouragesyoungpeopletotakeabreakfromeatingmeatonMondays.28.Andshe’sencouragingtheunder-20crowdtotakepart.Lizzyknowsthatraisinganimalsformeatcausespollution,usesalotofnaturalresources(资源)likewaterandalsoharmsanimals.29.Choosingmeat-freemealsonedayaweekisalsoagreatwaytofeelhealthy.ManyK-12schools,universitiesandhospitalsnationwidehavestartedMeatlessMondayprograms.“It’ssoeasytoloveanimals.”Lizzysays.30.Forsomekid-and-animal-friendlymeatlessrecipes(食谱),visithumonesociety.org/kindnezws.A.It’seasytoeatanimal-friendlyfoods,too.B.Lizzyhasonlyjustbegunherbrightcareer.C.AnimalshavealwaysbeenabigpartofLizzy'slife.D.AndLizzysaysshehasalwayswantedtohelpanimals.E.Cuttingmeatfromourdietonceaweekhelpstheenvironmentandanimals.F.Kids'breakfastcanbeassimpleastryingavegetableburgerinsteadofahamburger.G.Afterthemovement,Lizzysaysshewantstosaveafewmorelivesandforcehumanstoeathealthier.【答案】26.C27.D28.G29.E30.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Lizzy是一名训练有素的体操运动员，她最近加入了美国人道协会的无肉星期一运动。文章主要是介绍了Lizzy尽力保护动物的情况。26.根据下文"Shegrewupwithdogs,andherfamily'spetisa110-poundGermanshepherd（牧羊犬）namedJett（她和狗一起长大，家里的宠物是一只110磅重的德国牧羊犬，名叫杰特）"可知，此处应填“动物一直是Lizzy生活中很重要的一部分”。故选C。27.根据前文“shestationedherselfoutsideherschooltoaskfordonations（捐款）toalocalanimalshelter（她驻扎在学校外面，向当地一家动物收容所募捐）”可知，此处应填“Lizzy说她一直想帮助动物”。故选D。28.根据前文“SheencouragesyoungpeopletotakeabreakfromeatingmeatonMondays（她鼓励年轻人周一不要吃肉）”可知，此处应填“Lizzy说，她想挽救更多的生命，迫使人们吃得更健康”。故选G。29.根据下文Choosingmeat-freemealsonedayaweekisalsoagreatwaytofeelhealthy（每周选择一天不吃肉的饮食也是保持健康的好方法）可知，此处应填“每周一次从我们的饮食中减少肉类有利于环境和动物）”。故选E。30.根据前文It’ssoeasytoloveanimals（爱动物很容易）可知，此处应填“也很容易吃友好型的食物”。故选A。7Therearemanyexpressionswiththeword“dog”.31.Theytaketheirdogsforwalks,givethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.However,dogswithoutownerstocareforthemleadadifferentkindoflife.Theexpression,leadadog’slife,describesapersonwhohasanunhappyexistence.Whenwesayweliveinadog-eat-dogworld.32.Apersonhastoworkhardlikeadogtobesuccessful.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledog-tired.And,thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.Still,peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.33.Yet,somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewskillsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.Somepeoplearecomparedtodogsinbadways.Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasjunkyarddogslivinginplaceswherepeoplethrowawaythingstheydonotwant.Junkyarddogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.Theybarkorattackpeoplewhotrytoentertheproperty.However,sometimesapersonwhoappearstobemeanandthreateningisreallynotsobad.34.Dogexpressionsarealsousedtodescribetheweather.Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.35.Bu