北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题【含答案解析】

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空Onasunnyafternoon,AnthonyPerrysteppedoffthetrainatChicago’s69thStreetstation.The20-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytoseehis1.Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!AsPerryandotherhorrifiedpassengerswatched,heshookuncontrollablyasthe2movedthroughhisbody.“Helphim!”someonecried.“Please,someone!”Perrycouldn’tjuststandthereand3.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim,usingahigh-kneetechniquefromhishighschoolfootballdays.Perrysoonreacheddownandgraspedthevictim’swrist.5,hefeltapowerfulelectricshockshootthroughhisbody.Perryjumpedback.Hereacheddownasecondtime,andwasshockedagain.Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe6.“Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyontheplatform.Perrywasnoexpert,butforafewmomentsheworkedontheman’sheartuntilthevictimregained7.Then,first-aidersarrived.Perrylettheprofessionals8.Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.Theeveningnewsreportedtheincident,9anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife.Tomany,Perry’s10deedsdemonstratedthepowerofchoosingcompassionoverpersonalsafety.1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control8．A．lookahead B．takeover C．getaround D．keepaway9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Iwasnotoriginallyattractedtonature.Forme,naturewasassociatedwiththefewminutesplayingsoccerinthe11(nice)cutgrass.ButinMichigan,naturepresentsitselfinmanyformssuchassleddingasfastasyoucandownthehillorswimminginoneofthefivegreatlakes.Theseexperiencesencouragedme12(explore)oneoftherawformsofconnectingwithnature:camping.AlthoughI13(spend)alotoftimeoutside,Ihadnevercampedorexperiencedallofwhatnatureoffers.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InMingDynasty,aclevercraftsmannamedZhangSijiarevolutionizedscissors.He14(combine)thestrengthofironforthehandleswithauniquesword-makingtechnique.15heatingandhammeringtheedgeswithsteel,hecreatedbladesthatwereexceptionallystrongandsharp,16(make)dailytaskseasier.Thesescissorsbecameakitchenessential,especiallyforcuttingthroughtoughitemslikechickenorfish.In1628,hisson,ZhangXiaoquan,establishedhisnamesakecompany.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。FiveBelgianfirmsplantosenda3D17(print)artificialhearttotheInternationalSpaceStationby2025tobetterunderstandtheeffectsofageingandheartdiseasesinspace.Thedevice,whichisonlyafewsquaremillimetresinsize,18(use)inkmadeupofstemcellsandbiomaterialsthatcandevelopintoanycellinthebody.Thesecellsorganizethemselvesintoadevelopingcardiacorganoid(心脏类器官),19willworkwiththeartificialcirculatorysystem.Theinnovativetechniquewouldfacilitate20(investigate)intoheartdiseasesandtrialsofsomepotentialmedicines.三、阅读理解#1Author:LeisaSharpePrice:£14.99Release:Jun.13,2023HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverestThisisn’tyourtypicalchildren’sbooknorisitanight-timeread:it’sanaction-packedadventurearoundtheworld.Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.#2Author:ZKidsPrice:£9.99Release:Sep.25,2023TheUltimateRiddleGameForKidsForreadersbetweentheagesof9and12,thisfunriddlebookcombineslogicchallenges,competitivecontestsandbraintraining.Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算术),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.Buttrynottocheat.Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.#3Author:KimZachmanPrice:£12.99Release:Dec.15,2023There’sNoCreamInCreamSodaTheonlydrinkhumansneediswater,butthebeverageindustryisgrowinglargereveryyear.Thisbookexploresthehistoryoftheinventionofdrinks,beginningthousandsofyearsago,whenhumansfirstaddednaturalflavouringstotheirwaterasitboiledoverthefire.Itshumorousandconversationalnarrativemeansthatyoudon’tknowwhatwillcomenext.Rangingfromcorescientificprocessestotheunlikelyoriginstoriesofsomesodas,thisbookissuretohaveastorytofascinateeverykid.21．ThebookHowDoesChocolateTasteonEveresthelpsreaders________.A．enjoynight-readingtimeB．knoworiginstoriesofchocolateC．identifyhabitatsofsomeanimalsD．exploreplaceswithsensesasguides22．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．thethreebooksareavailablebyOctoberB．readersneedcalculationskillsforBook#2C．Book#3teachesreadershowtomakedrinksD．Book#1hasapriceadvantageovertheothers23．Thepassageisintendedto________.A．introducesomebooksonlearningsecretsB．recommendsomepicturebookstoparentsC．encouragereaderstopurchasethesebooksD．sharesometipsonchoosingsuitablebooksIwasbornmissingmyleftarm.In1986,at18months,Iwasfittedwithaprosthetic(义肢)device,adecisionmadebymyparentsanddoctorssothatIwoulddevelop“normally”.Ispentmyentirechildhoodandadolescencetryingtofitin.Ididjustaboutanythingtoeasethepainsofthestaresandpointingfingersfrommyclassmates.BythetimeIwas8,Ihadnoself-confidence,andthehandIwaswearingwasmakingitharderformetofitin.SoIdecidedIwasbetteroffwithoutone.Ididn’tneedanyonetofixme.ToprovethatIwasn’tlimitedbymydisability,Idevelopedaloveforallsports,inparticularswimming.IwasselectedtomyfirstAustralianwomen’sswimmingteamatage13andsuccessfullyrepresentedmycountryforeightyears.IrealizedI’dmadeanameformyselfbecauseofmydisability.Itaughtmyselfhowtobecomfortableinasocietyfilledwithinsecurities.SowhenIwasfirstcontactedin2021byCovvi,acompanytryingtocreatetheworld’smostadvancedbionic(仿生的)hand,Iwasabitsurprised.Theyaskedmetotrialthehandand,ifpossible,tobecomeapatientadvocate.Initially,Isaidno.Then,curiositygotthebetterofme.WhileIwasbusyadvocatingfordisabilityrights,anewgenerationofleaders,likeAmyPurdyandNickVujicic,usedthepoweroftechnologyandsocialmediatodisplaywheelchairsorartificiallimbswithoutexplanation.Peoplefeareddisabilityless.Societywasbeginningtoseeapersonfirst,andtheirdisabilitysecond.Viewingdisabilitythroughasociallensalsomeantacknowledgingthatapersonismoredisabledbytheirenvironmentandthediscriminationofothersthanbytheiractualdisability.Asthoseconversationsshifted,Irealizedthattherewasanopportunitytousetechnologytosteerthenarrativeforfuturegenerations.InJuly2022,Idecidedtotrialthehand.Theroleofpatientadvocateisanenormousprivilege.Throughsharingmyjourney,I’mabletoreachthousandsofotherpeoplewhowouldbenefitfromitsextraordinarycapabilities.That’swhyIwearabionichand—notbecauseI’mbroken,butbecauseIhaveanopportunitytoenhancethehumancapabilitiesthatalreadyexist.24．Theauthordevelopedaloveforallsportsbecause________.A．shewaslongingforfame B．sportsgaveherself-confidenceC．shewantedtodefeatherdisability D．herprostheticdeviceempoweredher25．FromPurdyandVujicic,theauthorlearned________.A．morepeopleacknowledgedtheirlimitsB．thedisabledneededafriendlierenvironmentC．socialmediaallowedthedisabledopportunitiesD．technologyshiftedpeople’sattitudestodisability26．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Intelligentandbrave.B．Warm-heartedandpatient.C．Responsibleandstrong-willed.D．Independentandinnovative.27．Fromthepassage,welearnthatoneshould________.A．maximizeone’sabilitiesbyembracingrealityB．buildone’ssocialcirclewithoptimismC．sticktoone’sgoaltoachievesuccessD．takeiteasyindifficultsituationsDemandingdaysseemdesignedtotestourself-control.Weallneedtorelyonwillpowertoavoidshort-termtemptationsandoverrideunwantedthoughtsorimpulses(冲动).Theprevailingpsychologicaltheoryproposedthatwillpowerresembledakindofbattery.Witheachexerciseofself-control,youexhaustedthisresource.Withoutachancetorecharge,thatresourceranlow,makingithardertomaintainself-control.Thisprocesswasknownas“egodepletion”.In2010,however,psychologistVeronikaJobpublishedastudythatquestionedthefoundationsof“egodepletion”theory,withsomeinterestingevidencethategodepletiondependedonpeople’sunderlyingbeliefs.Inthestudy,Jobdividedparticipantsintotwocategories:thosewitha“limited”viewofwillpowerandthosewitha“non-limited”viewofwillpower,basedonapriorquestionnaire.Shethengavetheparticipantssomestandardlaboratorytestsexaminingmentalfocus,whichwasconsideredtodependonthereservesofwillpower.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithalimitedmindsettendedtoperformexactlyasegodepletiontheorywouldpredictbutthenon-limitedindividualsdidnot,whichindicatedthatpeople’sbeliefsaboutwillpowercouldbeself-fulfillingprophecies(预言).Thosewhobelievedwillpowerwaseasilydepletedsawtheirself-controldecrease,whilethosewhobelievedin“mentalstamina(耐力)”experiencednoegodepletion.Subsequentdebatesaboutthereliabilityofthelaboratorytestsofegodepletionemerged,butJob’sworkdemonstratedthatmindsetsignificantlyimpactedreal-lifeoutcomes.Herfollow-upstudyrevealedthataftercompletingdemandingtasks,mostparticipantsrecoveredtosomedegreeovernight,butthosewithnon-limitedmindsetsactuallyexperiencedanincreaseintheirproductivitythefollowingday,asifenergizedbytheextrapressure.Ifyoualreadyhaveanon-limitedmindsetaboutwillpower,thesefindingsmightbeacauseforself-satisfaction.Forthosewithlimitedmindsets,hopeisnotlost.Learningaboutthissciencecanhelpshiftbeliefs.Sharingthisknowledgewithotherscanfurtherconsolidatethisshift.Moreover,recollectingtimesofengagingintaxingyetenjoyabletasksnaturallyshiftspeople’sbeliefstowardnon-limitedmindsets,astheyseeproofoftheirownmentalstamina.Toprovideyourselfwithfurtherevidence,youcanconductsmallself-controltests.Asyourealizeyourwillpower’sgrowth,you’llfindresistingtemptationsanddistractionseasier.Whileimmediatemiraclesaren’tguaranteed,perseverancewillleadtoachangedmindsetandincreasedself-control,propellingactionstowardpersonalgoals.28．“Egodepletion”theoryshowsthatwillpower________.A．helpscontrolourimpulses B．reducesafterexercisingself-controlC．isatestofyourcharacter D．islikeachargeablebattery29．WhatcanwelearnfromJob’stwostudies?A．Extrapressureboostsmentalfocus.B．Demandingtasksreducementalfocus.C．Reservesofwillpowerdependonmentalfocus.D．Thechangeofmentalfocusreliesonone’smindset.30．Whichofthefollowingcanbuildnon-limitedmindsets?A．Picturingyouridealuniversity.B．DoinghomeworkinfrontofaTV.C．Sharingscienceknowledgewithfriends.D．Recallingmasteringachallengingpianopiece.Climateexpertsarehavingadebate:theyareaskingwhethertheUKshouldfocusmoreonadaptingtoclimatechangeortryingtopreventit.DavidFrostholdsthatpreventingclimatechangeisnolongeranoption,giventheextenttowhichtheEarthnowappearscertaintoheatup.Despitethemanypolicieswhichattempttostopclimatechange,itnowseemsunavoidablethattheworldwillpassthe1.5℃or2℃increasesinaverageglobaltemperaturethatarelikelytoinducelargechangesintheclimate.DavidFrostisrightinthatoureconomiesaregrowingsomuchslowerthanwehadanticipated.OuremissionscandropifwereduceemissionsperunitofGDPwecreate—buttheycanalsodropiftheGDPislower.Lowergrowthmeansitismorefeasible(可行的)forustoachievetargetssuchasNetZero,butitalsomakesitlessenvironmentallyurgenttoachievethosetargetssosoon,becauseweareandhavebeenemittingalotlesscarbonthanwehadanticipated.TheUKauthorityfindsthedebateaboutadaptationdifficult.Partly,itisbecausesomeactivistsclaimthatadaptationisnotfeasible.Theysaythatclimatechangewillendhumancivilization,potentiallyleadingtotheentireextinctionofthehumanrace.However,themainstreamviewofmanyscientistsandeconomists,whoworkonclimatechange,isthatglobalwarmingcouldleadtolargechangesinourenvironment.Significantpartsoftheworldcurrentlyheavilypopulatedcouldbecomeeffectivelyuninhabitablewhileotherpartscurrentlyunsuitableforhigh-densityhumanhabitationwouldbecomemorehabitable.Meanwhile,athighertemperaturesbothclimateandweatherarelikelytobecomemorevolatile—includingincreasedfrequencyofstorms,floodingandotherweatherevents.Thesewouldbesignificantchanges,butitwouldbeperfectlyfeasibleforhumanstoadapttothem.Theissueisnotwhetheradaptingwouldbetechnicallyfeasible,butwhetheritwouldbedesirableeitherinethicalorpracticalterms.Arewewillingtoacceptamateriallywarmerworld,withhumanslivingindifferentpartsofit?Arewewillingtoacceptthepossibleextinctionsofcertainspeciesandthegreaterflourishingofthosecurrentlylesssuccessfulandofnewspeciesyettoevolve?Arewewillingtoaccepttheconsequencesofalargeshiftinthepatternsofhumanhabitationacrosstheworld?Itisbynomeansclearonwhatbasisweoughttoethnicallyprivilegetheplantsandanimalsthatflourishundertoday’sclimateoverthosethatwouldflourishunderawarmer,morevolatileclimate.However,adaptationwillbefeasibleandisanecessitygiventheextenttowhichwarmingisnowunavoidable.SlowerGDPgrowthandthusslowerclimatechangeoughttomakegreatereffortsatadaptationmoreattractive.31．Accordingtothepassage,whohesitate(s)toadapttotheclimatechange?A．Thegovernment. B．Climateexperts.C．DavidFrost. D．Theactivists.32．Theunderlinedword“volatile”inParagraph5probablymeans________.A．changeable B．predictable C．bearable D．noticeable33．ThequestionsinParagraph6aremainlyaimedat__________.A．expressingdoubtsaboutpeople’sadaptabilityB．presentingexamplesoffutureclimatepatternsC．highlightingtheconsequencesofhumanactivitiesD．helpingpeopledecideontheiropennesstoadaptation34．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Slowingclimatechangedeservesgreatefforts.B．Globalwarmingispreventabletosomeextent.C．Adaptationtoclimatechangeisbeyondquestion.D．Protectionofthecurrentspeciesshouldbeprioritized.四、七选五Whichishealthier:abagofcrispsoravegetablesalad?Thatiseasy.Nowwhichishealthier:apizzamadefromscratchoronemadefromthesamebasicingredients,withthesamenumberofcalories,pulledoutofaboxinthefreezer?Manypeoplewouldinstinctively(本能地)saytheformer,perhapsshowingavagueconcernwithprocessedfood.Suchfoodcanoftenbedelicious.Andthereismuchtocheeraboutcaloriesbeingcheapandabundant.35What’sthedistinctionbetween“ultra-processedfood(upf)”and“processedfood”?Almosteverythingpeopleconsumeisprocessedinsomeform.Riceisharvested;animalsarebutchered.Upfisusuallydescribedas“formulationsofingredients,madebyaseriesofindustrialprocesses,manyrequiringadvancedequipmentandtechnology”.36Theoneinthefreezer,withitsextra,modifiedingredients,isupf.Upfharmspeopleinwaysbothknownandunknown.Itseemstoaffectthetrillionsofbacteriathatcontributetohealthinarangeofways.Calorie-richbutusuallynutrient-poor,upfcontributestoobesity(肥胖症).Upfdisplaceshealthieralternatives,particularlyforpoorpeople.37Extraweightwasonceasignofwealth,butamongBritishandAmericanwomentoday,obesityratesarehigheratlower-incomelevels.38Additivesthatmaybesafeinsmallquantitiesmaybeharmfulincombinationwithotherchemicalsorwhenconsumedregularly.Ifwearewhatweeat,consideringtheimpactofupfisessential.39Peoplewholiveinso-called“foodswamps”,whereupfiseverywherebutrealfoodishardertoreach,couldspendlargeamountsoftimeandmoneyseekingoutfreshfood,butthatisnothowmostpeoplelive.Thereisnothingwrongwiththeoddfast-foodtrip,butanyonewhocanaffordtoeatlessupfprobablyshould.A．Environmentmatters,too.B．It’scheaptoproduceandbuy.C．Butthatcheapnessandabundancecomeatacost.D．Evenfoodslabeled“natural”or“organic”canbeprocessed.E．Apizzamadefromscratchcontainsminimallyprocessedfood.F．Somepeoplehaveaparticularweaknessforsaltypotatocrisps.G．Thereasonswhyupfcanbeharmfularenotalwaysclear,eventoscientists.五、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。Ifyoufeellikeyoumaybeapeople-pleaser,you’renotalone.Intoday’shighly-connectedworld,wehaveagrowingobsession(痴迷)withbeinglikedandneedingtopleaseothers.Peopleseektopleaseothersforvariousreasons,includingavoidingconflicts,securingfeelingsofbeingneeded,andreducingfearsofabandonment.Andtheyareforcedtouseagreeablenessasself-defense.People-pleasingbehaviorcanleadtomentalandphysicalhealthproblemssuchasfearofrejection,frustration,anger,addictions,headaches,stomachproblems,andhighbloodpressure.Itcanalsoresultinweakboundaries,problemswithdecision-makinganddependency.Therefore,it’simportanttorecognizeandovercomeyourownpeople-pleasingbehaviors.Herearesomesimpleexercisesthatyoucanstartworkingontoday.Learntoloveyourowncompany.Trustthatpeoplewillnotabandonyou,evenifyoudon’tdropeverythingforthem.Believingyouarelovableforwhoyouare,notwhatyoudo,meansknowingthatpeoplewillstillbethereforyouevenifyoudonotalwayssearchforwaystopleasethem.Practicethisbygoingtoamovieorrestaurantalone.Valuetheplansmadewithyourself.Theyareasimportantasplansyoumakewithotherpeople.Otherwise,youaresendingamessagetoyourbrainthataplanyoumakewithyourselfdoesnotholdasmuchvalue.Don’tbreaklong-orshort-termplansyoumakewithyourself,whetherit’sgoingtothegymorstudyingforanexam.Say“no”whennecessary.Ifyou’reapeople-pleaser,youmayfindithardtosay“no”becauseyoufeelitcomesacrossascrueloruncaring.Butitabsolutelydoesnothaveto.Beclear,bedirect,anduse“I”statements.Trystatementslike:“Iwouldreallylovetobeabletohelpyou,butunfortunately,I’malreadycommittedatthattime.”Byconsistentlyintegratingthesestrategiesintoyourlife,you’llbreakyourpeople-pleasinghabitsanddevelopmorehealthy,interdependentrelationships.40．Whatisapeople-pleaserlike?41．Besidesmentalandphysicalproblems,whatotherproblemsmayapeople-pleasersufferfrom?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Ifyoudon’twanttobeapeople-pleaser,youshouldlovebeingwithothers,valuetheplansmadewithyourself,anddeclineothers’requestswhennecessary.43．Whatdoyouthinkofthebehaviorofpleasingothers?(Inabout40words)六、其他应用文44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算利用2023年11月第一个周末的一天游览北京，他发来邮件请你当导游。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.接受请求；2.规划行程。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案：1．C2．A3．B4．B5．A6．D7．C8．B9．D10．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AnthonyPerry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A.manager经理；B.client客户；C.grandfather祖父；D.aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A.current气流；电流；B.oxygen氧气；C.wave海浪；大海；D.blood血。根据上句“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A.imagine想象；B.watch看；C.shout呼喊；D.record记录。根据后句“Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。4．考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A.Hoping希望；B.Assuming假设，认为；C.Complaining抱怨；D.Recalling回忆。根据本句“hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A.Instantly立刻地；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Normally通常，平常；D.Surprisingly惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A.train火车；B.crowds人群；C.platform平台；D.rails铁路。根据上文“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A.strength体力；B.balance平衡；C.consciousness意识；D.control控制，掌管。根据本句“heworkedontheman’sheart(他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A.lookahead向前看；B.takeover接管；C.getaround规避，逃避；D.keepaway远离，避开。根据上句“Then,first-aidersarrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A.providing提供；B.engaging参加；C.assisting帮助；D.crediting赞扬。根据本句“anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A.generous慷慨的；B.grateful感谢的，感激的；C.courageous勇敢的；D.faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe6.(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。11．nicely12．toexplore13．hadspent【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。11．考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cut，nicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。12．考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encouragesb.todo是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式toexplore，故填toexplore。13．考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由Ihadnevercampedorexperienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是hadspent。故填hadspent。14．combined15．By/Through16．making【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了明朝时期张思佳改良了剪刀。14．考查动词的时态。句意：他将铁制剑柄的优点与独特的制剑技术结合在一起。根据前句中的“InMingDynasty”和上下文时态可知，这里讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填combined。15．考查介词。句意：通过加热和用钢锤击边缘，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这使日常任务变得更容易。根据空后的“heatingandhammeringtheedgeswithsteel”可知，这里表示方式，应用介词by或者through。置于句首，首字母大写。故填By/Through。16．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这让人们更容易作日程工作，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填making。17．printed18．uses19．which20．investigations【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了五家比利时公司计划将一颗3D打印的人造心脏送入太空。17．考查名词。句意：五家比利时公司计划在2025年前向国际空间站发射一颗3D打印的人造心脏，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心脏病的影响。print和空后的artificialheart之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作定语。故填printed。18．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该设备只有几平方毫米大小，使用的墨水由干细胞和生物材料组成，可以发育成体内的任何细胞。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。且主语Thedevice为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填uses。19．考查定语从句。句意：这些细胞将自己组织成一个发育中的心脏类器官，它将与人工循环系统协同工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词adevelopingcardiacorganoid，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。20．考查名词。句意：这项创新技术将有助于对心脏病的调查和一些潜在药物的试验。空处应用名词，和and后的trials一起作宾语。investigation意为“调查”，在这里为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填investigations。21．D22．B23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本书的优点。21．细节理解题。根据HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest部分的“Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.(年轻的冒险家将踏上最伟大探险家的足迹，用他们的感官作为他们的向导。)”可知，HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest可以帮助读者以感官为向导探索地方，故选D。22．细节理解题。根据TheUltimateRiddleGameForKids部分的“Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算术),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.(第一部分由简短的谜语组成，数学部分需要心算，而故事部分需要你发现所有可能隐藏的含义。)”可知，第二本书的读者需要计算技巧。故选B。23．推理判断题。根据第一本书介绍中的“Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.(这本书让年轻的读者沉浸在世界上最迷人的栖息地、国家和大陆，以及其他星球上的生活中。)”，第二本书介绍中的“Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.(随着章节变得更有挑