(29)-7.1 数据格式GNSS测量与数据处理

常用的数据格式：

1.本机格式2.RINEX格式3.SP3精密星历数据格式定义接收机存储数据的格式存储方式二进制内容观测值、广播星历、电离层信息、气象元素1.本机格式特点不同厂家的接收机具有不同的本机格式与接收机配套的数据处理软件可以直接读取自身本机格式的数据，而不能读取其它厂家的本机格式的数据不利于多种型号的接收机联合作业定义与接收机无关的数据交换格式ReceiverIndependentExchangeFormat存储方式ASCII内容观测值、星历（导航信息）、气象数据2.RINEX格式特点通用性强，已成为事实上的标准利于多种型号的接收机联合作业大多数软件能够处理命名规则命名规则：8+3文件名例：wh022931.02o，wh022293.02nssssdddf.yyt4字符测站名年积日一天内的文件序号（时段号）:若为0，则表示文件包含当天的所有观测数据两位年号98：199800：200011：2011文件类型。O：观测值N：星历M：气象数据G：GLONASS星历H：同步卫星GPS载荷的导航电文2.RINEX格式观测值文件的内容2.10OBSERVATIONDATAM(MIXED)RINEXVERSION/TYPEBLANKORG=GPS,R=GLONASS,T=TRANSIT,M=MIXEDCOMMENTXXRINEXOV9.9AIUB24-MAR-0114:43PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFAMIXEDRINEXFILECOMMENTA9080MARKERNAME9080.1.34MARKERNUMBERBILLSMITHABCINSTITUTEOBSERVER/AGENCYX1234A123XXZZZREC#/TYPE/VERS234YYANT#/TYPE4375274.587466.4589095.APPROXPOSITIONXYZ.9030.0000.0000ANTENNA:DELTAH/E/N11WAVELENGTHFACTL1/2126G14G15G16G17G18G19WAVELENGTHFACTL1/20RCVCLOCKOFFSAPPL4P1L1L2P2#/TYPESOFOBSERV18.000INTERVAL2001324131036.0000000TIMEOFFIRSTOBSENDOFHEADER01324131036.000000003G12G9G6-.12345678923629347.915.3008-.35323629364648-.1209-.35820891541.29220607600.189-.4309.39420607605.84801324131050.000000044122G9G12WAVELENGTHFACTL1/2***WAVELENGTHFACTORCHANGEDFOR2SATELLITES***COMMENTNOW8SATELLITESHAVEWLFACT1AND2!COMMENTCOMMENT01324131054.000000005G12G9G6R21R22-.12345678923619095.450-53875.6328-41981.37523619112.00820886075.667-28688.0279-22354.53520886082.10120611072.68918247.789914219.77020611078.41021345678.57612345.567522123456.78923456.7895文件头文件体2.RINEX格式2.10：版本观测数据观测数据类型测站的名称测站的编号接收机的类型天线的名称和类型位置的先验坐标相位偏差观测到的卫星观测数据的类型采样间隔观测的初始时间文件头结束标志开始记录观测数据历元标志，数据是否正常接收机时钟偏差(s)星历文件的内容2.10N:GPSNAVDATARINEXVERSION/TYPEXXRINEXNV2.10AIUB3-SEP-9915:22PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFVERSION2.10FORMATCOMMENT.1676D-07.2235D-07-.1192D-06-.1192D-06IONALPHA.1208D+06.1310D+06-.1310D+06-.1966D+06IONBETA.133179128170D-06.107469588780D-125529601025DELTA-UTC:A0,A1,T,W13LEAPSECONDSENDOFHEADER69992175144.0-.839701388031D-03-.165982783074D-10.000000000000D+00.910000000000D+02.934062500000D+02.116040547840D-08.162092304801D+00.484101474285D-05.626740418375D-02.652112066746D-05.515365489006D+04.409904000000D+06-.242143869400D-07.329237003460D+00-.596046447754D-07.111541663136D+01.326593750000D+03.206958726335D+01-.638312302555D-08.307155651409D-09.000000000000D+00.102500000000D+04.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.910000000000D+02.406800000000D+06.000000000000D+001399921900.0.490025617182D-03.204636307899D-11.000000000000D+00.133000000000D+03-.963125000000D+02.146970407622D-08.292961152146D+01-.498816370964D-05.200239347760D-02.928156077862D-05.515328476143D+04.414000000000D+06-.279396772385D-07.243031939942D+01-.558793544769D-07.110192796930D+01.271187500000D+03-.232757915425D+01-.619632953057D-08-.785747015231D-11.000000000000D+00.102500000000D+04.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.000000000000D+00.389000000000D+03.410400000000D+06.000000000000D+00文件头文件体2.RINEX格式RINEX气象数据文件的内容

2.10METEOROLOGICALDATARINEXVERSION/TYPEXXRINEXMV9.9AIUB3-APR-9600:10PGM/RUNBY/DATEEXAMPLEOFAMETDATAFILECOMMENTA9080MARKERNAME3PRTDHR#/TYPESOFOBSERVPAROSCIENTIFIC740-16B0.2PRSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACCHAENNI0.1TDSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACCROTRONICI-240W5.0HRSENSORMOD/TYPE/ACC0.00.00.01234.5678PRSENSORPOSXYZ/HENDOFHEADER96410015987.110.689.596410030987.210.990.096410045987.111.689.0文件头文件体2.RINEX格式定义标准产品第3号，是一种精密星历格式，IGS精密星历采用此格式存储方式ASCII内容精密星历（每隔15min给出1个卫星的位置，有时还给出卫星的速度，卫星的钟差和钟漂）特点提供精密星历3.SP3精密星历数据格式内容#aP2001318000.0000000096ORBITIGS97HLMIGS##11060.00000000900.00000000519860.0000000000000+281234567891011131417181920+2122232425262728293031000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000+00000000000000000++45554554545555554++55544447544000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000++00000000000000000%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%f0.00000000.0000000000.000000000000.000000000000000%i000000000%i000000000/*RAPIDORBITCOMBINATIONFROMWEIGHTEDAVERAGEOF:/*codemresagfziguj