2022-2023学年山东省枣庄市滕州市山东省滕州市第一中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高二英语综合能力测试试题及答案解析第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听对话，选择正确答案。1.Whatcanweknowaboutthegirl?A.Shehasshorthair.B.Sheisalwaysinabluedress.C.SheisinClass4.2.WhatdidLucydoovertheweekend?A.Shestayedathome.B.Sheplayedtenniswithherfriend.C.ShedidherhomeworkwithJim.3.Howdidthemangotothemountainsyesterday?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.4.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardssoapoperas?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Optimistic.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howlonghastheboyhadacold?A.Forthreedays.B.Forsixdays.C.Forfivedays.7.Whatwilltheboydonext?A.Gohometofetchmoney.B.Gotothehospital.C.Findabusforthegirl.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatwillBettydoduringherholiday?A.Gohiking.B.Stayatschool.C.FlytoHongKong.9.WhowillgotoHongKongwithTony?A.Betty.B.Hisfather.C.Hismother.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Toaschool.B.Toherhome.C.Toahospital.11.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Gototherailwaystation.B.Gotothebusstation.C.GotoZhongshanstation.12.Whenmaythewomangettoherdestination?A.At10:05.B.At10:15.C.At10:20.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoestheboyneedmoney?A.Becauseheisindebt.B.Becausehehastopaythetuitionfee.C.Becausehewillgotothesummercamp.14.Whyistheboyunwillingtodoapart-timejob?A.It’sdifficulttofindone.B.Hedoesn’thaveenoughtime.C.Itpaystoolittle.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutPeterfromtheconversation?A.Hewilllendhismoneytohisbrother.B.Hewillalsogocamping.C.Hehasnomoney.16.Whatdoesthegirladvisetheboytodoatlast?A.Sellhisoldbooks.B.Nottogocamping.C.Playintheschoolyard.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whichofthecountrieshasalonghistoryoffootball?A.Russia.B.Spain.C.Japan.18.Howdothefanslovetheirclubs?A.Theyplayfortheirclubs.B.Theyholdcompetitions.C.Theyweartheirclub’scolors.19.HowmanybigclubsintheF.A.Cuparementioned?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.20.Whatisafaultoffootballfans?A.Theycauseconflictsandinjuriessometimes.B.Theywastetoomuchtimewatchinggames.C.Theydestroytheirclub’swebsitessometimes.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWet‘n’WildGoldCoastWelcometoWet‘n’WildGoldCoast!AtWet‘n’WildGoldCoast,thesummerisendlessandsoisthefun.Visitusfortheperfectfamilydayout.Wet‘n’WildJuniorExperienceWe‘tn’WildJunior,ahugenewzonejustforlittleadventure.Designedespeciallyforkids,Wet‘n’WildJuniorfeaturesvariouswaterslidesincludingsmallversionsofourlargerthrillslideslikeTornadoandtheAquaRacers.GiantWavePoolThesurfisalwaysupatGiantWavePool!Aconsistentone-metreswell(浪涌)willbringyoualotoffun.Withgentlyrollingwavesintheshallowsandconstantlifeguardsupervision(救生员监管),guestsofallagescanhitthesurfinsafety.ThereisalsonecessaryequipmentforhirefromtheBeachHut.RiverRapidsSlipandslideyourwaydownWhitewaterMountainonWe‘tn’Wild’sallnewRiverRapids!WithaRockyMountaintheme,RiverRapidsfeaturesfournewbodyslideswithsomethingtopleaseeveryone.Speedloverswillenjoythetwonewslideswhiletheopenairflumes(水槽)areperfectforthekids.WhirlpoolSpringsForthefirsttimeever,youcanbeCool‘n’CalminthenewWhirlpoolSpringsatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.Theseawesomecoldspas(矿泉疗养浴池)willhelpyoucooloffafterexperiencingaseriesofsportsactivitiesatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.WhirlpoolSpringsisagreatattractionespeciallyinsummer.Price:Wet‘n’WildGoldCoastOneDayAdmission:Adult$65.00;Child(3-13yearsold)$40.00OperatingHours:Monday—Fridayfrom10:00amto3:30pm.Saturday&Sundayfrom10:00amto4:00pm.AdditionalInformationYoucangeta10%discountwhenbookingtheticketsontheInternet.Theticketscanbeusedwithin12monthsfromtimeofpurchase.Ticketswillbedeliveredtoyoure-mailboxwithin60minutesofpurchase.Pleaseprintoutallticketsandtakethemalongwithyoutotheattraction.1.Accordingtothepassage,GiantWavePool____.A.isnotsuitableforchildrenB.isopentovisitorsalldaylongC.isthebestplacetolearnsurfingskillsD.providesvisitorswithasurfingexperience2.Toexperiencethecoolfeeling,thebestplaceyoucanchooseis_____.A.Wet‘n’WildJunior B.WhirlpoolSpringsC.GiantWavePool D.RiverRapids3.Ifacouplewitha10-year-oldkidspendadayatWet‘n’WildGoldCoast,theyshouldpayatleast____.A.$153 B.$157C.$166 D.$170【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了澳大利亚的一个娱乐旅游地点Wet‘n’WildGoldCoast【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在GiantWavePool会有持续的浪涌，同时有救生员不断地巡视，各个年龄段的人都可以在这里安全地冲浪。因此游客可以在GiantWavePool体验冲浪的感觉。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段TheseawesomecoldspaswillhelpyoucooloffafterexperiencingaseriesofsportsactivitiesatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.（在Wet'n'WildWaterWorld体验了一系列的体育活动后，这些超棒的清凉温泉会帮助你冷静下来）可知，WhirlpoolSprings的冷水池可以让游客在Wet‘n’WildWaterWorld体验完一系列运动后凉爽下来，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Price部分的介绍可知，Wet‘n’WildGoldCoast的票价是成人65美元，3-13岁的孩子40美元。再根据最后一段首句可知，在网上订票可以享受10%的折扣。因此一对夫妇带着一个10岁的孩子的最低门票价格应该是(65+65+40)*0.9=153美元。故选A。【点睛】做细节理解题中的数字计算题时一定要注意的是：答案一定是需要计算的。需要注意题干中给定的条件，多见年龄限制、对象限制（尤其是儿童或者一个家庭）、打折等。如第2小题，条件给的是acouple和a10-year-oldkid，找到条件后找到文章相应的位置再进行计算，即可得到答案。BHazelMayfieldusuallycookstheThanksgivingmealforherextendedfamilyinHouston,Texas.Sheusuallywelcomesfriendsandneighborswhoareeagertotasteherfriedturkey,greenbeancasserole,candiedyams,homemadecornbreaddressing,anddirtyrice—justafewofhersignaturedishes(招牌菜).KnownasSugarMama,becausehergrandchildrenthinkshe’ssosweet,the91-year-oldtypicallylikestodoherownshoppingfortheingredientstomakeherspecialdishes.“Mymotheristheheadcookofthefamily,”saidPanuletteMouton,Mayfield’sdaughter.“Becauseofherreputation(名声),youknow,there’repeopleinandoutalldayandeveryfamilycomesthrough.TheywanttogetsomeofSugarMama’scooking,andsomeofthemwouldliketolearnfromherhowtocookthefood.”ButMayfieldhasn’tbeentothegrocerystoresinceMarch.AndthereislittleaboutThanksgivingin2020that’susual.BecauseofCovid-19,thedeadlyvirus(病毒)thathaskilledsomanypeopleintheU.S.andspoiledlifearoundtheworld,everythingisdifferent.Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.Thisyear,Mayfield’sfamilymembers,withoutexception,arelamentingtheabsenceofabiggathering.They’veexplainedtotheiryoungchildrenandgrandchildrenwhythisyear’sThanksgivingisdifferent.Mayfield’syoungestdaughter,MichelleSanders,saysit’sdifficulttohelphergrandchildrenunderstandwhytheycan’tseesomeoftheirotherfamilymembersandwhytheyhavetostayathome,celebratingThanksgivingallbythemselves.“It’sreallyhard,tryingtoexplaintothem,”Sanderssaid.“Whenyou’retalkingtothemandtheywanttocomeover,youhavetotellthemno.Theyreallydon’tknowhowtobecareful.”Sandersadded,“And,theydon’tunderstandthat,beingthree,four,andsix,youknowtheydon’treallyunderstandthat.So,it’s...it’sreally,reallyhard,andheartbreaking.”4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHazelMayfield?A.Helpfulandkind-hearted.B.Creativeandenthusiastic.C.Talentedandpractical.D.Gratefulandresponsible.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheeffectofCOVID-19accordingtothepassage?A.Peoplearecuttingdownholidaycelebrationexpenses.B.Peoplearetryinghardtogettogethertohavemorefun.C.Peoplehavetomakechangesintheirlifestyletostaysafe.D.Peoplehaveputmoreemphasisonthetraditionalcustoms.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lamenting”inparagraph4mean?A.Fascinatedby. B.Upsetabout.C.Ignorantof. D.Embarrassedat.7.WhatcanweinferfromwhatSanderssaidinthelastparagraph?A.ChildrenarealwayscarelessonThanksgivingDay.B.It’shardtohelpchildrendealwiththeirproblems.C.Adultsshouldshowpatiencewhentalkingwithkids.D.Childrenaretooyoungtounderstandthesituation.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了疫情期间，HazelMayfield一家过了与往常不一样的感恩节。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sheusuallywelcomesfriendsandneighborswhoareeagertotasteherfriedturkey,greenbeancasserole,candiedyams,homemadecornbreaddressing,anddirtyrice—justafewofhersignaturedishes(招牌菜).(她通常欢迎那些渴望品尝她的炸火鸡、绿豆砂锅菜、蜜饯山药、自制玉米面包酱和美国杂烩拌饭的朋友和邻居——这只是她的几道招牌菜)”及第二段中的“Becauseofherreputation(名声),youknow,there’repeopleinandoutalldayandeveryfamilycomesthrough.TheywanttogetsomeofSugarMama’scooking,andsomeofthemwouldliketolearnfromherhowtocookthefood.(因为她的名声，你知道，每天都有人进进出出，每个家庭都来了。他们想尝尝甜妈做的菜，有些人想向她学习如何做饭)”可知，HazelMayfield经常教别人做饭，并提供食物给别人。由此推知，HazelMayfield是乐于助人的好心人。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.(由于限制与他人的密切面对面接触是减少疫情传播的最佳方式，数十万美国家庭通过虚拟庆祝活动重新构想了这个节日，并取消或推迟了旅行计划。为应对COVID-19，只能与家人举行小型聚会)”可知，这个感恩节他们必须避免大型聚会，即使是与家人。由此推知，因为新冠病毒的影响，人们必须改变生活方式来保持安全。故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.(由于限制与他人的密切面对面接触是减少疫情传播的最佳方式，数十万美国家庭通过虚拟庆祝活动重新构想了这个节日，并取消或推迟了旅行计划。为应对COVID-19，只能与家人举行小型聚会)”可知，这个感恩节他们必须避免大型聚会，即使是与家人。根据划线词上文“Thisyear,Mayfield’sfamilymembers,withoutexception(今年，梅菲尔德的家人，没有例外)”可知，毫无例外地Mayfield一家也没有大型家庭聚会。由此推知，家庭成员会因为没有家庭聚会而感到沮丧，划线词lamenting与Upsetabout(对……感到沮丧)意思接近。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““It’sreallyhard,tryingtoexplaintothem,”Sanderssaid.“Whenyou’retalkingtothemandtheywanttocomeover,youhavetotellthemno.Theyreallydon’tknowhowtobecareful.”Sandersadded,“And,theydon’tunderstandthat,beingthree,four,andsix,youknowtheydon’treallyunderstandthat.So,it’s...it’sreally,reallyhard,andheartbreaking.”(“向他们解释真的很难，”桑德斯说。“当你和他们交谈时，他们想过来，你必须告诉他们不。他们真的不知道如何小心。”桑德斯补充说:“而且，他们不明白，三岁，四岁，六岁，你知道他们真的不明白。所以，这是……这真的非常非常艰难，令人心碎。”)”可知，孩子还小不能理解新冠所带来的感恩节不能聚会的情况。故选D。CPortugal’swhitestorks(鹳)wereonceamigratorybird(候鸟),knowntoleavetheareaeachwintertotraveltoAfrica’swarmerclimate,butrecentlytheyhavebeenstayingput.Surprisingly,though,thestorks’numberhasactuallybeenontherise.Therearenowthoughttobemorethan14,000birdsinPortugalinwinter—aten-timeincreaseoverthelast20years.Anyunusualchangeofananimal’snaturalbehavioroftenhasnegativeinfluences.Ithasbeenthoughtthattheirincreasehasacloserelationshipwithagrowingnumberoflandfillsites(垃圾填埋场)inthearea,providingthebirdswithasupplyoffattyanddirtyrubbishtoeat,includingjunkfood.Wasitthejunkfoodthatstoppedthemmigrating,orisEurope’swarmingclimatetocriticize?Researcherssoughttofigureoutexactlywhytheirnaturalbehaviorhadchangedinthisway.Tounderstand,ateamkeptaneyeon48whitestorksbyequippingthemwithsmallGPScomputers,whichrecordedtheirmovementsfivetimesaday,checkinghowoftentheytraveledtolandfillsitesaswellashowfasttheyflew.Theconclusionswereshocking.Thebirdsalsoestablishedmorehomesnexttolandfillsites—theteamsaidthat80%ofwhitestorkswerespendingmostoftheirtimebytherubbishallyearround,accordingtotheresults.Thestorkseatalmostanything.“Everytimeafteratruckwithrubbishcame,theycollectedwhattheycould,”saysAldinaFrancooftheUniversityofEastAngliaintheUK.Thestorkshaveevenbeenknowntoeatplastic,includingoldcomputerparts.“Reallywhattheyaretryingtogetatisrubbishthatwethrowaway...likehamburgers,burntmeatandfish,”saidFranco.Thisrichandcolorfulsupplyoffoodwillsoonbecomehardtofind,though,asnewlawsfromEuropeanUnion(EU)orderthatwastefoodberecycled.Open-airlandfillswillalsobereplacedbycoveredequipment,whichbirdswillnotbeabletoeat.Thewhitestorksthereforefaceanuncertainfuture.WilltheymigratetoAfricaastheyhaddoneforhundredsofyearsbefore,orwilltheystayput?Nooneknows.“IwonderwhatthePortuguesestorkswilldooncethelandfillsitesareallclosed,andwearegoingtocontinuetowatchthesestorksandseehowtheywillrespondtothechanges,”saidAldinaFranco.8.Whatdoyouknowabouttheteam’sresearch?A.Researchersequipped48smallcomputersonwhitestorks.B.TheGPScomputerswereusedtorecordwhitestorks’movements.C.Theconclusionstheteamgotwerethesameastheypredicted.D.ResearchersfoundEurope’swarmingclimateaccountedforstorks’stayingput.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Thelandfillmadethestorkslosetheirhomes.B.Thelandfillhelpedincreasethenumberofstorks.C.Open-airlandfillswillbereplacedandstorkswilldieout.D.Thelandfillgavethestorksfoodandinturn,influencedwheretheylived.10.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatAldinaFrancosaid?A.Hewillcontinuetodoresearchonwhitestorks.B.ThePortuguesestorkscaneatwhateverwethrowaway.C.Peopleshouldpreparemorehealthyfoodforwhitestorks.D.WhitestorkswillmigratetoAfricaifthelandfillsitesareclosed.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhiteStorkWillMigrateAgainAfterRubbishIsRecycledB.WhiteStorks’StayingPutContributedtoRubbishRecyclingC.WhiteStorks’StayingPutinWinterConcernedScientistsD.ClimateChangewillBetheTestforWhiteStorks’Migration【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是葡萄牙的白鹳以前每年都会飞往遥远的非洲过冬，但近年，这种候鸟冬天不再迁徙，这种习性的突变使科学家甚为担忧。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Tounderstand,ateamkeptaneyeon48whitestorksbyequippingthemwithsmallGPScomputers,whichrecordedtheirmovementsfivetimesaday,checkinghowoftentheytraveledtolandfillsitesaswellashowfasttheyflew.(为了了解这一点，一个研究小组给48只白鹳配备了小型GPS电脑，每天记录它们的活动五次，检查它们飞往垃圾填埋场的频率以及飞行速度)”可知，这些小型电脑每天五次记录葡萄牙白鹳的活动，检查它们去垃圾场的频率以及它们飞行的速度。由此可知，研究小组通过这些小型GPS电脑来记录葡萄牙白鹳的活动。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thebirdsalsoestablishedmorehomesnexttolandfillsites—theteamsaidthat80%ofwhitestorkswerespendingmostoftheirtimebytherubbishallyearround,accordingtotheresults.Thestorkseatalmostanything.(这些鸟还在垃圾填埋场附近建立了更多的家——研究小组说，根据研究结果，80%的白鹳全年大部分时间都在垃圾附近度过。鹳几乎什么都吃)”可知，这些白鹳还在垃圾填埋场附近建立了更多的家，80%的白鹳全年大部分时间都在垃圾旁度过,他们几乎什么都吃。由此推知，垃圾填埋场为白鹳提供了食物，反过来也影响了它们的生活地点。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的““IwonderwhatthePortuguesestorkswilldooncethelandfillsitesareallclosed,andwearegoingtocontinuetowatchthesestorksandseehowtheywillrespondtothechanges,”saidAldinaFranco.(AldinaFranco说：“我想知道一旦垃圾填埋场全部关闭，葡萄牙鹳会做些什么，我们将继续观察这些鹳，看看它们如何应对这些变化。”)”可知，AldinaFranco想知道垃圾场关闭后葡萄牙白鹳会如何应对这一改变，研究小组也将会继续监测葡萄牙白鹳。由此推知，关于葡萄牙白鹳的研究还将继续。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“Portugal’swhitestorks(鹳)wereonceamigratorybird(候鸟),knowntoleavetheareaeachwintertotraveltoAfrica’swarmerclimate,butrecentlytheyhavebeenstayingput.(葡萄牙的白鹳曾经是一种候鸟，人们知道它们每年冬天都会离开这一地区，飞往气候更温暖的非洲，但最近它们一直呆在那里)”并结合下文中对白鹳出现这一不寻常现象的分析以及研究者对白鹳活动的持续监测可知，本文主要介绍的是白鹳在冬季待在原地让科学们感到担忧。由此可知，本文的题目为“白鹳在冬天呆在原地让科学家们感到担忧”与本文的内容吻合，且概括了全文的主题。故选C项。DFactorFiction?Non-fictioncanbebrokendownintomanycategories.Onecategoryisliterarynon-fiction,whichisstillbasedinfactbutemployssomeofthestorytellingelementsthatfictionuses.Literarynon-fictionincludesatypeofautobiography(自传)calledmemoir.Memoirmostoftenfocusesonacertainperiodoftheauthor’slife.Itis,bydefinition,rootedintruth.Still,peoplesometimesquestionwhethermemoirshouldbecategorizedasnon-fictionatall.Asnon-fiction,memoirisintendedtobefactual.Isthisreallythecase,though,consideringmemoirreliesonhumanmemory?Oneclassicstudy,ledbypsychologistElizabethLoftus,showedhoweasilyaninterviewer’schoiceofwordingcaninfluenceaneyewitness’saccountofatrafficaccident.Itisthereforereasonabletowonderwhethermemoirshouldcontinuetobebrandedasnon-fiction.Certainly,humanmemorycanbeunreliable.However,amemoirauthorisundoubtedlywritingaboutsignificantandimpactfullifeevents.Memoriesofsucheventsareactuallymorereliablethanothers.Studiesshowthatthemoreinfluentialaneventis,themoreaccuratelypeoplerecallthedetails.Asanemotionallychargedeventunfolds,thebrainactivitychangesinawaythatamplifiessmalldetails.Thisactivityhelpsbuildamorepreciseandaccuratememory.Ofcoursethebrainisnotacamerathatcan“save”anymemorywithperfectaccuracy.Butifmemoirisquestionableduetotheimperfectionsofthehumanmind,thencriticswillhavetotacklenon-fictionmorebroadly.Allwritersareusingtheirmemorieswhentheycreate,andmoreover,theyarerelyingonthememoriesofothers.Journalistsconductinterviewstotellanewsstoryandhistorywritersdependontheaccuracyofaccountsfromlongago.Yettheyallrightfullyfallundertheumbrellaofnon-fiction.Somepeoplemaydoubtmemoirnotbecausetheymistrusthumanmemory,butbecausetheymistrusttheauthor’smorality.Criticsmaysuspectanauthorofmakingupevents.However,thereisnoreasontobesuspiciousofmemoirauthor’sintentions.Writingafactualmemoirthatappealstoreadershasthepotentialtobeprofitablefortheauthor,andthereisnomotivationforamemoirwritertoknowinglychangeorbeautifythetruth.Lookingbeyondtheauthor’sownlifeevents,memoircaninformreadersabouttheworldinthesamewaythatothernon-fictioncan.Memoirhasawayofrelayingfactsaboutanythingfromanoccupationtobrieffashiontrends,allofitmeaningfultotheauthor.12.TheauthorintroducesthetopicinParagraph1by_____.A.illustratingwhyitisimportanttotalkaboutmemoirB.listingsomeinterestingfactsandfeaturesofmemoirC.definingkeytermsthatarediscussedlaterinthepassageD.makingacomparisonbetweenautobiographyandmemoir13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amplifies”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Collects. B.Ignores.C.Enlarges. D.Absorbs.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.criticsarguethatanewsstorybyajournalistisfictionB.amemoirauthor’smemorycanbeinfluencedbytheintervieweesC.memoircan’tshowreadersfactsaboutwhatanauthorexperiencedD.emotionalmomentscancausethecreationofmoredetailedmemories15.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorbelieves_____.A.themostprofitablememoirsarethoseshowntobethemostfactualB.manyauthorsareuntrustworthy,althoughmanymemoirsarefact-basedC.memoirisrightfullycategorizedundertheumbrellaofliterarynon-fictionD.memoryistoounreliableformemoirtobeconsideredatypeofnon-fiction【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非小说的分类，并且作者认为回忆录在文学非小说的保护伞下被合理地分类。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Onecategoryisliterarynon-fiction,whichisstillbasedinfactbutemployssomeofthestorytellingelementsthatfictionuses…Itis,bydefinition,rootedintruth.”可知，作者通过定义本文后面讨论的关键术语来介绍第1段中的主题。故选C项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Thisactivityhelpsbuildamorepreciseandaccuratememory.”可知，这项活动有助于建立更精确和准确的记忆；再根据划线词所在句中的“amplifiessmalldetails”可知，此处amplifies应意为“放大”，与enlarge意思相近。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Studiesshowthatthemoreinfluentialaneventis,themoreaccuratelypeoplerecallthedetails.Asanemotionallychargedeventunfolds,thebrainactivitychangesinawaythatamplifiessmalldetails.”研究表明，一个事件的影响力越大，人们对细节的回忆就越准确。当一个充满感情的事件展开时，大脑活动的变化会放大一些小细节。由此可知，情绪化的瞬间可以创造出更详细的记忆。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Yettheyallrightfullyfallundertheumbrellaofnon-fiction.”可知，然而，它们（回忆录）都理所当然地落入非小说的保护伞之下。由此可知，作者认为回忆录在文学非小说的保护伞下被合理地分类。故选C项。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AvoidTheseFiveGardeningMistakesMuchofgardeningislearnedbytrialanderror—thatmeans,frommistakes.Wehaveallbeeninthatsituation.Hereisalistoffivecommongardeningmistakeswithadviceonhowtoavoidthem.NottestingsoilHavingtherightpHlevel,ameasureofacidity(酸性),forthesoilisimportantforgardeningsuccess.___16___.Tomatoes,forexample,growbestinsoilwithapHbetween6.0-6.8.Blueberryplants,however,willlikelyturnyellowandproducelittleifthepHishigherthan5.5.ThatisbecausenutrientsaresuitableforplantsonlyattargetpHlevels.WateringincorrectlyMostgardenplantsrequire2.5tonearlyfourcentimetersofwaterweekly.Thewatercouldcomefromrainfallorfromyourhome.Moldandbacterial(霉菌、细菌引起的)diseases,however,couldspreadiftoomuchwaterbecomescaughtbetweenplantparts.___17___.Makesuretodirectwatertoroots,whereitisneeded.Avoidwateringleaves,fruitandflowers.Notcomposting(堆肥）___18___.Itimprovesthedrainage(排水)ofheavyclaysoil,increasesthewater-holdingabilityofsandandaddshigh-qualitynutrients.Addcompostintonewbeds,oraddanamountequaltohalftheremovedsoiltoindividualplantingholes.___19___Aplantthatneeds“fullsun”willlikelydisappointifplantedinanareawithoutsunshine.Thesameistruetheotherwayaround.Anddonotput“drought-tolerant(耐旱的)”plants,orplantsthatcansurvivelongperiodswithoutwater,in“poorly-draining,wetsoil.”Choosetheplantsthatarerightforyourgrowingconditions.Theresultwillbeabetter-looking,healthiergardenthatrequireslesscareandlesswork.Impropermulching(用覆盖物覆盖)Mulchismaterialmadeoutofoldleaves,woodorcompost.___20___.Italsopreventsunwantedplants,orweedsfromgrowing.So,itisanimportantpartofeverygarden.Mulchingincorrectly,however,cankillyourplants.A.Wrongplant,wrongplaceB.CloseyoureyestoplantsorflowersCItcankeepwaterandheatinthesoilD.ThepHlevelisn’tthesameindifferentpartsofthegardenE.Compost,madeoffoodorplantwaste,isagardener’sbestfriendF.AddfivetosevencentimetersofwateraroundplantsseveraltimesadayG.Toomuchwatercanspreadtheseproblemsfrominfected(传染)leavestohealthyones【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章列出了五个常见的园艺错误，并给出了如何避免这些错误的建议。【16题详解】根据前文“HavingtherightpHlevel,ameasureofacidity,forthesoilisimportantforgardeningsuccess.(土壤的pH值(酸度的量度)合适，对园艺的成功很重要。)”可知，拥有合适的pH值，即土壤酸度的测量标准，对于园艺的成功很重要。同时根据后文“Tomatoes,forexample,growbestinsoilwithapHbetween6.0-6.8.Blueberryplants,however,willlikelyturnyellowandproducelittleifthepHishigherthan5.5.(例如，西红柿在pH值在6.0-6.8之间的土壤中生长最好。然而，如果pH值高于5.5，蓝莓植物可能会变黄，几乎不产生任何物质。)”可知，此处阐述了不同的植物需要不同的pH值。D选项“ThepHlevelisn’tthesameindifferentpartsofthegarden(花园里不同地方的pH值是不一样的)”指出花园里不同的地方pH值是不一样的，因此在种植植物的时候需要考虑不同的pH值。D选项承上启下，符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据本段标题“Wateringincorrectly(浇水不正确)”及上文“Moldandbacterialdiseases,however,couldspreadiftoomuchwaterbecomescaughtbetweenplantparts.(然而，如果太多的水滞留在植物部分之间，霉菌和细菌疾病可能会传播。)”可知，本段列举园艺出现的错误是浇水不正确；如果浇太多的水，那样水就被困在植物的各个部分之间，霉菌和细菌疾病就会传播。G项“Toomuchwatercanspreadtheseproblemsfrominfected(传染)leavestohealthyones(过多的水会将这些问题从受感染的叶片传播到健康的叶片)”承接前文，指出过多的水会将霉菌和细菌从受感染的叶片传播到健康的叶片，符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】根据本段标题“Notcomposting(没有堆肥)”及下文“Itimprovesthedrainageofheavyclaysoil,increasesthewater-holdingabilityofsandandaddshigh-qualitynutrients.(改善重质粘土的排水，提高砂土的持水能力，增加优质养分。)”可知，本段列举园艺出现的错误是没有堆肥，以及介绍了堆肥的带来的好处。E项“Compost,madeoffoodorplantwaste,isagardener’sbestfriend(堆肥是由食物或植物废料制成的，它是园丁最好的朋友)”与段旨呼应，引起下文，对堆肥进行介绍，指出他是园丁最好的朋友，后文对此进行解释，符合语境。故选E。19题详解】根据后文“Aplantthatneeds“fullsun”willlikelydisappointifplantedinanareawithoutsunshine.(一种需要“充足阳光”的植物，如果种植在没有阳光的地方，可能会令人失望。)”可知，此处强调的是选择适合生长条件的植物。A项“Wrongplant,wrongplace(错误的植物生长在错误的地方)”符合语境，指出在园艺过程中很多人将植物放在了错误的生长环境中，概括本段段旨。故选A。【20题详解】根据本段标题“Impropermulching(不合适的使用地膜)”及上下文“Italsopreventsunwantedplants,orweedsfromgrowing.(它还可以防止不需要的植物或杂草生长。)”可知，本段列举园艺出现的错误是不适当的地膜，此处指出使用地膜可以防止多余的植物或杂草生长。所以，它是每个花园的重要组成部分。空格处与下文内容形成并列关系，说明地膜的作用，故C项“Itcankeepwaterandheatinthesoil(它可以保持土壤中的水分和热量)”符合语境，it指代的是mulch。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AnyvisitortothelocallibraryinourtownwouldcatchsightofateenageboyreadingbookscarefullyHewould___21___tolinger(流连)inthelibraryreadingnotonlyawiderangeofliteraryworksbutalsoarticlesinfamousperiodicals(期刊）tillclosingtime.Thelibrarianhadtosharehis___22___tosatisfytheteenager’sdesireforbookswhenhehappenedto___23___intotheboy’sfather.TheboywascalledTarunKanti,whoalsotooka(n)___24___interestinsports,dancinganddrama.Histalenthadearnedhimalotof___25___inthetowndespitehisyoungage.Butthings___26___obviouslyafterhisfather’suntimelydeath.Kanti___27___hisresponsibilitiesastheeldestson.Hebegantodevotehisparttimetoworkingto___28___hisfamilyandinsistedon(坚持)studying___29___andranked(排列)firstinthedistrictduringthehighschoolgraduationexamination.Later,he____30____amaster’sdegreeinYaleUniversity.AfterretirementKantisufferedfromarareheartdiseasethattookawayhislifeattheageof64.____31____hisunhealthyconditioncouldn’tdim(使暗淡)hisloveforwork.Hewasstill____32____inhisresearchduringthelastdaysofhislife.Almosteveryonewhohadspenttimewithhimduringhislastdayshadno____33____thathewasdangerouslyill.Whenhelaylifelessinthelibraryofhisresidence,manyofhiscolleaguesandfriends____34____intohavealastglimpse（一瞥)andpaytheirfinaltributes(悼念).Ingreat____35____Ipreparedt