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人工神经网络及应用智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下长安大学长安大学
第一章测试
Synapseistheplacewhereneuronsconnectinfunction.Itiscomposedofpresynapticmembrane,synapticspaceandpostsynapticmembrane.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Biologicalneuronscanbedividedintosensoryneurons,motorneuronsand()accordingtotheirfunctions.
A:multipolarneuronsB:interneurons
C:PseudounipolarneuralnetworksD:bipolarneurons
答案:interneurons
Neuronsandglialcellsarethetwomajorpartsofthenervoussystem.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Neuronsarehighlypolarizedcells,whicharemainlycomposedoftwoparts:thecellbodyandthesynapse.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Thehumanbrainisanimportantpartofthenervoussystem,whichcontainsmorethan86billionneurons.Itisthecentralinformationprocessingorganizationofhumanbeings.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
第二章测试
In1989,Mead,thefatherofVLSI,publishedhismonograph"()",inwhichageneticneuralnetworkmodelbasedonevolutionarysystemtheorywasproposed.
A:LearningMachines
B:JournalNeuralNetworks
C:AnalogVLSIandNeuralSystems
D:Perceptrons:AnIntroductiontoComputationalGeometry
答案:AnalogVLSIandNeuralSystems
In1989,YannLecunproposedconvolutionalneuralnetworkandappliedittoimageprocessing,whichshouldbetheearliestapplicationfieldofdeeplearningalgorithm.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
In1954,Eccles,aneurophysiologistattheUniversityofMelbourne,summarizedtheprincipleofDale,aBritishphysiologist,that"eachneuronsecretesonlyonekindoftransmitter".()
A:错B:对
答案:对
In1972,ProfessorKohonenofFinlandproposedaself-organizingfeaturemap(SOFM)neuralnetworkmodel.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Predictionandevaluationisanactivityofscientificcalculationandevaluationofsomecharacteristicsanddevelopmentstatusofthingsoreventsinthefutureaccordingtotheknowninformationofobjectiveobjects.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
第三章测试
Thefunctionoftransferfunctioninneuronsistogetanewmappingoutputofsummeraccordingtothespecifiedfunctionrelationship,andthencompletesthetrainingofartificialneuralnetwork.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Thedeterminantchangessignwhentworows(ortwocolumns)areexchanged.Thevalueofdeterminantiszerowhentworows(ortwocolumns)aresame.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Therearetwokindsofphenomenaintheobjectiveworld.Thefirstisthephenomenonthatwillhappenundercertainconditions,whichiscalledinevitablephenomenon.Thesecondkindisthephenomenonthatmayormaynothappenundercertainconditions,whichiscalledrandomphenomenon.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
LogarithmicS-typetransferfunction,namelySigmoidfunction,isalsocalledS-shapedgrowthcurveinbiology.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Rectifiedlinearunit(ReLU),similartotheslopefunctioninmathematics,isthemostcommonlyusedtransferfunctionofartificialneuralnetwork.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第四章测试
Theperceptronlearningalgorithmisdrivenbymisclassification,sothestochasticgradientdescentmethodisusedtooptimizethelossfunction.()
A:misclassificationB:maximumC:minimum
D:correct
答案:misclassification
Perceptronisasingle-layerneuralnetwork,orneuron,whichisthesmallestunitofneuralnetwork.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Whentheperceptronislearning,eachsamplewillbeinputintotheneuronasastimulus.Theinputsignalisthefeatureofeachsample,andtheexpectedoutputisthecategoryofthesample.Whentheoutputisdifferentfromthecategory,wecanadjustthesynapticweightandbiasvalueuntiltheoutputofeachsampleisthesameasthecategory.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Ifthesymmetrichardlimitfunctionisselectedforthetransferfunction,theoutputcanbeexpressedas.Iftheinnerproductoftherowvectorandtheinputvectorintheweightmatrixisgreaterthanorequalto-b,theoutputis1,otherwisetheoutputis-1.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Thebasicideaofperceptronlearningalgorithmistoinputsamplesintothenetworkstepbystep,andadjusttheweightmatrixofthenetworkaccordingtothedifferencebetweentheoutputresultandtheidealoutput,thatistosolvetheoptimizationproblemoflossfunctionL(w,b).()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第五章测试
TheoutputofBPneuralnetworkis()ofneuralnetwork.
A:theoutputofthelastlayerB:theinputofthelastlayer
C:theoutputofthesecondlayerD:theinputofthesecondlayer
答案:theoutputofthelastlayer
BPneuralnetworkhasbecomeoneofthemostrepresentativealgorithmsinthefieldofartificialintelligence.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinsignalprocessing,patternrecognition,machinecontrol(expertsystem,datacompression)andotherfields.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
In1974,PaulWerbosofthenaturalsciencefoundationoftheUnitedStatesfirstproposedtheuseoferrorbackpropagationalgorithmtotrainartificialneuralnetworksinhisdoctoraldissertationofHarvardUniversity,anddeeplyanalyzedthepossibilityofapplyingittoneuralnetworks,effectivelysolvingtheXORloopproblemthatsinglesensorcannothandle.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
InthestandardBPneuralnetworkalgorithmandmomentumBPalgorithm,thelearningrateisaconstantthatremainsconstantthroughoutthetrainingprocess,andtheperformanceofthelearningalgorithmisverysensitivetotheselectionofthelearningrate.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
L-Malgorithmismainlyproposedforsuperlargescaleneuralnetwork,anditisveryeffectiveinpracticalapplication.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
第六章测试
RBFneuralnetworkisanovelandeffectivefeedforwardneuralnetwork,whichhasthebestlocalapproximationandglobaloptimalperformance.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Atpresent,RBFneuralnetworkhasbeensuccessfullyappliedinnonlinearfunctionapproximation,timeseriesanalysis,dataclassification,patternrecognition,informationprocessing,imageprocessing,systemmodeling,controlandfaultdiagnosis.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
ThebasicideaofRBFneuralnetworkistouseradialbasisfunctionasthe"basis"ofhiddenlayerhiddenunittoformhiddenlayerspace,andhiddenlayertransformsinputvector.Theinputdatatransformationoflowdimensionalspaceismappedintohigh-dimensionalspace,sothattheproblemoflinearseparabilityinlow-dimensionalspacecanberealizedinhigh-dimensionalspace.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
ForthelearningalgorithmofRBFneuralnetwork,thekeyproblemistodeterminethecenterparametersoftheoutputlayernodereasonably.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
ThemethodofselectingthecenterofRBFneuralnetworkbyself-organizinglearningistoselectthecenterofRBFneuralnetworkbyk-meansclusteringmethod,whichbelongstosupervisedlearningmethod.()
A:错B:对
答案:错
第七章测试
Intermsofalgorithm,ADALINEneuralnetworkadoptsW-Hlearningrule,alsoknownastheleastmeansquare(LMS)algorithm.Itisdevelopedfromtheperceptronalgorithm,anditsconvergencespeedandaccuracyhavebeengreatlyimproved.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
ADALINEneuralnetworkhassimplestructureandmulti-layerstructure.Itisflexibleinpracticalapplicationandwidelyusedinsignalprocessing,systemidentification,patternrecognitionandintelligentcontrol.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
WhentherearemultipleADALINEinthenetwork,theadaptivelinearneuralnetworkisalsocalledMadalinewhichmeansmanyAdalineneuralnetworks.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Thealgorithmusedinsingle-layerADALINEnetworkisLMSalgorithm,whichissimilartothealgorithmofperceptron,andalsobelongstosupervisedlearningalgorithm.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Inpracticalapplication,theinverseofthecorrelationmatrixandthecorrelationcoefficientarenoteasytoobtain,sotheapproximatesteepestdescentmethodisneededinthealgorithmdesign.Thecoreideaisthattheactualmeansquareerrorofthenetworkisreplacedbythemeansquareerrorofthek-thiteration.
()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第八章测试
Hopfieldneuralnetworkisakindofneuralnetworkwhichcombinesstoragesystemandbinarysystem.Itnotonlyprovidesamodeltosimulatehumanmemory,butalsoguaranteestheconvergenceto().
A:localminimumB:localmaximum
C:minimum
D:maximum
答案:localminimum
Atpresent,researchershavesuccessfullyappliedHopfieldneuralnetworktosolvethetravelingsalesmanproblem(TSP),whichisthemostrepresentativeofoptimizationcombinatorialproblems.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
In1982,AmericanscientistJohnJosephHopfieldputforwardakindoffeedbackneuralnetwork"Hopfieldneuralnetwork"inhispaperNeuralNetworksandPhysicalSystemswithEmergentCollectiveComputationalAbilities.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Undertheexcitationofinputx,DHNNentersadynamicchangeprocess,untilthestateofeachneuronisnolongerchanged,itreachesastablestate.Thisprocessisequivalenttotheprocessofnetworklearningandmemory,andthefinaloutputofthenetworkisthevalueofeachneuroninthestablestate.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Theorderinwhichneuronsadjusttheirstatesisnotunique.Itcanbeconsideredthatacertainordercanbespecifiedorselectedrandomly.Theprocessofneuronstateadjustmentincludesthreesituations:from0to1,and1to0andunchanged.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第九章测试
ComparedwithGPU,CPUhashigherprocessingspeed,andhassignificantadvantagesinprocessingrepetitivetasks.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
Atpresent,DCNNhasbecomeoneofthecorealgorithmsinthefieldofimagerecognition,butitisunstablewhenthereisasmallamountoflearningdata.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
Inthefieldoftargetdetectionandclassification,thetaskofthelastlayerofneuralnetworkistoclassify.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
InAlexNet,thereare650000neuronswithmorethan600000parametersdistributedinfiveconvolutionlayersandthreefullyconnectedlayersandSoftmaxlayerswith1000categories.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
VGGNetiscomposedoftwoparts:theconvolutionlayerandthefullconnectionlayer,whichcanberegardedasthedeepenedversionofAlexNet.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第十章测试
TheessenceoftheoptimizationprocessofDandGistofindthe().
A:maximumB:minimaxC:localmaxima
D:minimum
答案:minimax
Intheartificialneuralnetwork,thequalityofmodelingwilldirectlyaffecttheperformanceofthegenerativemodel,butasmallamountofpriorknowledgeisneededfortheactualcasemodeling.()
A:对B:错
答案:错
AGANmainlyincludesageneratorGandadiscriminatorD.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Becausethegenerativeadversarialnetworkdoesnotneedtodistinguishthelowerboundandapproximateinference,itavoidsthepartitionfunctioncalculationproblemcausedbythetraditionalrepeatedapplicationofMarkovchainlearningmechanism,andimprovesthenetworkefficiency.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Fromtheperspectiveofartificialintelligence,GANusesneuralnetworktoguideneuralnetwork,andtheideaisverystrange.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
第十一章测试
ThecharacteristicofElmanneuralnetworkisthattheoutputofthehiddenlayerisdelayedandstoredbythefeedbacklayer,andthefeedbackisconnectedtotheinputofthehiddenlayer,whichhasthefunctionofinformationstorage.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
InElmannetwork,thetransferfunctionoffeedbacklayerisnonlinearfunction,andthetransferfunctionofoutputlayerislinearfunction.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Thefeedbacklayerisusedtomemorizetheoutputvalueoftheprevioustimeofthehiddenlayerunitandreturnittotheinput.Therefore,Elmanneuralnetworkhasdynamicmemoryfunction.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
TheneuronsinthehiddenlayerofElmannetworkadoptthetangentS-typetransferfunction,whiletheoutputlayeradoptsthelineartransferfunction.Ifthereareenoughneuronsinthefeedbacklayer,thecombinationofthesetransferfunctionscanmakeElmanneuralnetworkapproachanyfunctionwitharbitraryprecisioninfinitetime.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
Elmanneuralnetworkisakindofdynamicrecurrentnetwork,whichcanbedividedintofullfeedbackandpartialfeedback.Inthepartialrecurrentnetwork,thefeedforwardconnectionweightcanbemodified,andthefeedbackconnectioniscomposedofagroupoffeedbackunits,andtheconnectionweightcannotbemodified.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第十二章测试
ThelossfunctionofAdaBoostalgorithmis().
A:exponentialfunction
B:nonlinearfunctionC:linearfunction
D:logarithmicfunction
答案:exponentialfunction
Boostingalgorithmisthegeneralnameofaclassofalgorithms.Theircommongroundistoconstructastrongclassifierbyusingagroupofweakclassifiers.Weakclassifiermainlyreferstotheclassifierwhosepredictionaccuracyisnothighandfarbelowtheidealclassificationeffect.Strongclassifiermainlyreferstotheclassifierwithhighpredictionaccuracy.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Amongthemanyimprovedboostingalgorithms,themostsuccessfuloneistheAdaBoost(adaptiveboosting)algorithmproposedbyYoavFreundofUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoandRobertSchapireofPrincetonUniversityin1996.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
ThemostbasicpropertyofAdaBoostisthatitreducesthetrainingerrorcontinuouslyinthelearningprocess,thatis,theclassificationerrorrateonthetrainingdatasetuntileachweakclassifieriscombinedintothefinalidealclassifier.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
ThemainpurposeofaddingregularizationtermintotheformulaofcalculatingstrongclassifieristopreventtheoverfittingofAdaBoostalgorithm,whichisusuallycalledstepsizeinalgorithm.()
A:错B:对
答案:对
第十三章测试
ThecorelayerofSOFMneuralnetworkis().
A:inputlayerB:hiddenlayer
C:outputlayerD:competitionlayer
答案:competitionlayer
Inordertodividetheinputpatternsintoseveralclasses,thedistancebetweeninputpatternvectorsshouldbemeasuredaccordingtothesimilarity.()areusuallyused.
A:EuclideandistancemethodB:Cosinemethod
C:SinemethodD:Euclideandistancemethodandcosinemethod
答案:Euclideandistancemethodandcosinemethod
SOFMneuralnetworksaredifferentfromotherartificialneuralnetworksinthattheyadoptcompetitivelearningratherthanbackwardpropagationerrorcorrectionlearningmethodsimilartogradientdescent,andinasense,theyuseneighborhoodfunctionstopreservetopologicalpropertiesofinputspace.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
ForSOFMneuralnetwork,thecompetitivetransferfunction(CTF)responseis0forthewinningneurons,and1forotherneurons.()
A:错B:对
答案:错
Whentheinputpatterntothenetworkdoesnotbelongtoanypatterninthenetworktrainingsamples,SOFMneuralnetworkcanonlyclassifyitintotheclosestmode.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
第十四章测试
Theneuralnetworktoolboxcontains()modulelibraries.
A:threeB:six
C:fiveD:four
答案:five
The"netprod"inthenetworkinputmodulecanbeusedfor().
A:dotmultiplicationB:dotdivision
C:additionorsubtraction
D:dotmultiplicationordotdivision
答案:dotmultiplicationordotdivision
The"dotrod"intheweightsettingmoduleisanormaldotproductweightfunction.()
A:错B:对
答案:错
Themathematicalmodelofsingleneuronisy=f(wx+b).()
A:错B:对
答案:对
Theneuronmodelcanbedividedintothreeparts:inputmodule,transferfunctionandoutputmodule.()
A:对B:错
答案:对
第十五章测试
Inlarge-scalesystemsoftware
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