微机软件实验习题与答案(完整版)

./微机原理软件实验实验1 两个多位十进制数相加的实验实验容：将两个多位十进制数相加,要求加数和被加数均以ASCII码形式各自顺序存放以DATA1和DATA2为首的5个存单元中〔低位在前,结果送回DATA1处。完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB'inputthefirstnumber:','$'STRING2DB13,10,'inputthesecondnumber:','$'STRING3DB13,10,'theoutputis:','$'DATA1DB6DUP<00H>,'$'DATA2DB6DUP<00H>,'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码LEASI,DATA1LEADI,DATA2L0:LEADX,STRING1;打印字符串STRING1MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT1:;输入第一个数MOVAH,01;输入字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,'/'JEL1MOV[SI],ALINCSIJMPINPUT1L1:LEADX,STRING2;打印字符串STRING2MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT2:;输入第二个数MOVAH,01;输入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,'/'JEL2MOV[DI],ALINCDIJMPINPUT2L2:MOVSI,0CLC;清空进位标志位CFMOVCX,6PLUSE:;相加;SUBDATA1[SI],30H;SUBDATA2[SI],30H;这里不能使用这两条指令,因为如果DATA1[5]=00H,00H-30H需要借位相减,使CF=1MOVAL,DATA1[SI]ADCAL,DATA2[SI]AAA;加法调整指令,可使两个ASCII数直接相加MOVDATA1[SI],AL;和赋给DATA1[SI]INCSILOOPPLUSEL3:LEADX,STRING3;打印字符串STRING3MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,6MOVSI,6SHOW:DECSICMPDATA1[SI],00HJESHOWSHOW2:MOVDL,DATA1[SI]ADDDL,30HMOVAH,02INT21HCMPSI,0JEL4DECSIJMPSHOW2L4:MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART运行结果如下：输入为低位在前,即输入1234和99999相加实际上是4321和99999相加〔即：4321+99999=104320实验2 两个数相乘的实验〔无符号数相乘实验容：实现十进制数的乘法。要求被乘数和乘数均以ASCII码形式各自顺序存放在存中,乘积在屏幕上显示出来。完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB'theoutputis:','$'DATA1DB31H,32H,33HDATA2DB35H,36HDATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码MOVDL,10MOVAL,DATA1[0];AL=31HSUBAL,30H;AL=01HMULDL;乘10;AL=10ADDAL,DATA1[1];AL=10+32HSUBAL,30H;AL=10+32H-30H=12MULDL;AL=120ADDAL,DATA1[2];AL=120+33HSUBAL,30H;AL=120+33H-30H=123MOVBL,AL;BL=AL;MOVAL,DATA2[0];AL=35HSUBAL,30H;AL=5MULDL;乘10;AL=50ADDAL,DATA2[1];AL=50+36HSUBAL,30H;AL=50+36H-30H=56MULBL;AX=123x56=6888SUBDX,DX;DX清零MOVBX,1000DIVBX;<DX,AX>/1000,商6在AX中,余数888在DX中PUSHDXMOVDL,ALADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印最高位6INT21HPOPDXMOVBL,100MOVAX,DX;888赋给AXDIVBL;AX/100,商放在AL中,余数88放在AH中MOVDL,ALMOVCL,AH;！！！这里千万不能把AH直接赋给AL,因为经过INT21H指令后AL,AH会改变ADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印第二位INT21HMOVBL,10MOVAL,CLSUBAH,AH;清空AHDIVBL;AX/10,商放在AL中,余数8放在AH中MOVDL,ALMOVCL,AHADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印第三位INT21HMOVDL,CLADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印第四位INT21HCODESENDSENDSTART运行结果为：实验3 字符串匹配实验实验容：编写程序实现两个字符串比较。如果相同,则屏幕显示"match",否则屏幕显示"nomatch" ,完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码PRINT1DB'inputthefirststring:','$'PRINT2DB13,10,'inputthesecondstring:','$'PRINT3DB'match','$'PRINT4DB'nomatch','$'PRINT5DB13,10,'output:','$'STRING1DB30DUP<00H>,13,10,'$'STRING2DB30DUP<00H>,13,10,'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKS,ES:DATASSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码LEADX,PRINT1;打印字符串PRINT1MOVAH,09INT21HLEASI,STRING1;STRING1地址赋给SILEADI,STRING2;STRING2地址赋给DIINPUT1:MOVAH,01;输入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,'/';输入字符串以‘/’结束,转L0JEL0MOV[SI],ALINCSIJMPINPUT1L0:LEADX,PRINT2;打印字符串PRINT2MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT2:MOVAH,01;输入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,'/'JEL1MOV[DI],ALINCDIJMPINPUT2L1:MOVCX,30;CX=30代表比较30次MOVSI,00HCOMPARE:;字符串一个一个比较MOVAL,STRING1[SI];取STRING1存储单位中的第SI个字符赋给ALCMPAL,STRING2[SI];AL与STRING2存储单位中的第SI个字符比较JNENOMATCHINCSILOOPCOMPAREJMPMATCHNOMATCH:;打印output:nomatchLEADX,PRINT5MOVAH,09INT21HLEADX,PRINT4MOVAH,09INT21HJMPL2MATCH:;打印output:matchLEADX,PRINT5MOVAH,09INT21HLEADX,PRINT3MOVAH,09INT21HL2:MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART运行结果：实验4 从键盘输入数据并显示的实验实验容：将键盘输入的2位十六进制数转换为等值的二进制数,并在屏幕上显示。列如：键入f2,则显示11110010.完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB'pleaseinputastring:','$'STRING2DB13,10,'theoutputis:','$'STRING3DB13,10,'inputerror',13,10,'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码L0:LEADX,STRING1;打印字符串STRING1MOVAH,09INT21HMOVAH,01;输入第一个字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,'0'JBERROR1CMPAL,'9'JBEENTER1CMPAL,'A'JBERROR1CMPAL,'F'JBEENTER1CMPAL,'a'JBERROR1CMPAL,'f'JBEENTER1ERROR1:LEADX,STRING3;打印字符串STRING3MOVAH,09INT21HJMPL0ENTER1:CALLASC2BCD;把ASCII码转化成十进制数BCD码MOVCL,4ROLAL,CLMOVBL,AL;把高四位放到BL寄存器中;输入第二个字符MOVAH,01;输入第二个字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,'0'JBERROR1CMPAL,'9'JBEENTER2CMPAL,'A'JBERROR1CMPAL,'F'JBEENTER2CMPAL,'a'JBERROR1CMPAL,'f'JBEENTER2ENTER2:CALLASC2BCD;把ASCII码转化成十进制数BCD码ADDBL,ALLEADX,STRING2;打印字符串STRING2MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,9CLC;清空标志位SHOW:;显示BL中的二进制数DECCXCMPCX,0JENEXT;输出完八位之后返回DOSROLBL,1;循环左移一位,若溢出为1,则CF=1JCM1JMPM2M1:MOVDL,'1';若CF=1,转至M1打印‘1’MOVAH,02INT21HJMPSHOWM2:MOVDL,'0';若CF=0,转至M1打印‘0’MOVAH,02INT21HJMPSHOWNEXT:MOVAH,4CHINT21HASC2BCDPROCCMPAL,'9'JBEL1;若AL≤9,转L1SUBAL,07H;若输入的数为A~F,或者a~f,则减7,A接在39H后面,A~F=3AH~3FH,a~f=5AH~5FHL1:SUBAL,30H;减30HANDAL,0FH;滤除高位,保留低位,因为a~f恰好比A~F大20H,这样a~f就和A~F的数值一样了RETASC2BCDENDPCODESENDSENDSTART输出结果为：〔若输出不在0~9,A~F,a~f,则重新输入实验5 字符和数据计算的实验实验容：先在屏幕上显示"inputstring,",输入字符串;再显示"result="。如为0~9的数字,则计数器加1,如为非数字,则直接显示,但不计数。完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB'inputstring:','$'STRING2DB13,10,'result=','$'STRING3DB13,10,'zifu:','$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码LEADX,STRING1;打印字符串1MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,0MOVBX,0INPUT:MOVAH,01;输入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,'/';输入/后转L0JEL0CMPAL,'0';下溢出转RUZHANJBRUZHANCMPAL,'9';上溢出转RUZHANJARUZHANINCCL;若为数字则计数器+1JMPINPUTRUZHAN:;非数字字符入栈PUSHAXADDBL,1;BL代表入栈的字符个数,方便待会输出JMPINPUTL0:LEADX,STRING3;打印字符串3MOVAH,09INT21HCHUZHAN:POPAXMOVDX,AXMOVAH,02INT21HSUBBL,1CMPBL,0;入了多少个栈,出多少栈JNECHUZHANOUTPUT:;输出数字的个数LEADX,STRING2;打印字符串2MOVAH,09INT21HMOVDL,CLADDDL,30HMOVAH,02INT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART输出结果为：〔这里非数字字符输出顺序与输入顺序相反实验6改变年月日的实验实验容：先在屏幕上显示"whatisthedate<mm/dd/yy>?"从键盘输入的月日年能把计算机的系统日期改为你键入的值。完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT S1DB0AH,0DH,"whatisthedate<mm/dd/yy>?:",'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENTSTACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AXMOVDX,OFFSETS1MOVAH,09H;打印字符串"whatisthedate<mm/dd/yy>?:"INT21HMOVDX,0H;DX=CH=0MOVCH,0;MOVSI,0AHKAISHI:MOVCL,0;用来压缩移位SHURU:MOVAH,01H;输入字符存入AL中INT21HMOVAH,0AH;10赋给AHCMPAL,0DH;AL=13则结束,设置日期JEGENGGAICMPAL,'/';计算来判断是年,月,日JEZIZENGANDAL,0FHCMPCH,0;等于0则转月JEYUECMPCH,1;等于1则转日JERICMPCH,2;等于2则转年JENIANZIZENG:INCCHJMPSHURU;无条件转移至SHURUYUE:ADDDH,ALCMPCL,0JNZKAISHIINCCLMOVAL,DHMULAHMOVDH,ALJMPSHURU;无条件转移至SHURURI:ADDDL,ALCMPCL,0JNZKAISHIINCCLMOVAL,DLMULAHMOVDL,ALJMPSHURU;无条件转移至SHURUNIAN:CMPCL,0JNZXIABUADDBL,ALMOVCL,03H;3赋给CLJMPSHURU;无条件转移至SHURUXIABU:MOVAH,0;清空AHMOVSI,BX;SI=BXSHLBX,CL;BX左移三位,乘以8SHLSI,1;SI左移一位,乘以2ADDBX,SI;两个相加,即乘以10ADDBX,AX;BX加上新输入的数字JMPSHURUGENGGAI:MOVCX,BXMOVAH,2BH;设置日期INT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART输出结果为：〔设置20XX12月3日,注意如果要设置好系统,否则可能计算机的日期改变不了实验7 将小写字母转换为大写字母的实验实验容：接收键入字符〔以Ctrl-c为结束,将小写字母变为大写字母,并在屏幕上显示。完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB13,10,'pleaseinputastring:','$'STRING2DB13,10,'theoutputstringis:','$'DATADB100DUP<00H>,'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码M:LEASI,DATALEADX,STRING1;打印字符串1MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT:MOVAH,01;输入字符CINT21HCMPAL,03HJEOUTPUTCMPAL,'a'JBMCMPAL,'z'JAMSUBAL,20H;减20H变小写MOV[SI],ALINCSIJMPINPUTOUTPUT:LEADX,STRING2;打印字符串2MOVAH,09INT21HLEASI,DATAL1:MOVDL,[SI]CMPDL,00HJEENDINGMOVAH,02INT21HINCSIJMPL1ENDING:MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART运行结果为：〔如果输入的不在a~f中,则重新输入实验8 排序实验<0~9>实验容：从首地址为1000H开始存放10个数,将这些数按降序排列.完整代码如下：DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码STRING1DB'pleaseinput10numbers:','$'STRING2DB13,10,'thesortednumbersare:','$'ORG1000HDATADB10DUP<00H>,'$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码LEADX,STRING1;输入提示语'pleseinput10numbers:'MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,10LEASI,DATAINPUT:MOVAH,01;输入字符至ALINT21HMOV[SI],AL;把AL赋给偏移地址为SI指向的单元INCSILOOPINPUTMOVBL,0L0:MOVCX,9LEASI,DATAL1:;比较第SI个数和第SI+1个数的大小MOVAL,[SI]INCSICMPAL,[SI]JBCHANGE;若小于则转CHANGEL2:LOOPL1;小循环〔CX自动减1,若CX=0则结束L3:INCBLCMPBL,10JBL0;若大循环有10次了,则转OUTPUTJMPOUTPUTCHANGE:;交换两个数XCHGAL,[SI];交换,MOV[SI-1],AL;赋给SI-1JMPL2OUTPUT:LEADX,STRING2;输入提示语'thesortednumbersare:'MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,10LEASI,DATAL4:;循环输出MOVDL,[SI]MOVAH,02INT21HINCSILOOPL4MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART输出结果为：实验8 排序实验<多位数排序>实验容：从首地址为1000H开始存放10个数,将这些数按降序排列.完整代码如下：DATASEGMENT;CHANGE函数DI,SI为入口函数,交换SI,DI的值,SI,DI值已经大变BUFFERDB100DB?DB100DUP<?>DB"$"ORG1000HNEQU10STOREDATADB110DUP<30H>;每个数最大为10位TEMP1DB12DUP<24H>;中间变量TEMP2DB12DUP<24H>;中间变量TEMP3DB12DUP<24H>;中间变量DATAENDSSTACKSEGMENTPARASTACKDW60HDUP<0>STACKENDSCODESEGMENTASSUMEDS:DATA,CS:CODE,SS:STACKSTART:MOVAX,DATAMOVDS,AX;MOVAX,STACK;MOVSS,AX;可以有可以无,因为其已经默认为SS了MOVDX,OFFSETBUFFERMOVAH,0AHINT21HCALLTURNLINELEASI,BUFFERLEADI,STOREDATACALLBUFFERTOSTORECALLTURNLINELEASI,STOREDATACALLCOMPAREGO:MOVSI,OFFSETSTOREDATAMOVCL,110PRINT:MOVDL,[SI]CMPDL,30HJNEPRINT1CMPAL,1JEPRINT1;打印该有的0INCSILOOPPRINTPRINT1:CMPDL,2CHJEPRINT0JIXU:MOVAH,02HINT21HCMPDL,2CHJNEGOON5MOVAL,0JMPGOON6PRINT0:CMPAL,0JNEJIXUMOVDL,30HMOVAH,02HINT21HMOVDL,2CHJMPJIXUGOON5:MOVAL,1GOON6:INCSILOOPPRINTMOVAH,01HINT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HCOMPAREPROC;以SI为入口传递MOVBX,SI;LEADI,TEMP2;GETLAST:;CALLTEMPSAVE;INCDL;CMPDL,N;JEGOON1;LEADI,TEMP2;JMPGETLAST;TEMP2始终指向当前最后一个数;GOON1:MOVCL,NCOMPARE1:MOVSI,BXLEADI,TEMP1CALLTEMPSAVE;TEMP1指向第一个数,错啦,为什么呢,因为那样比不会进行变化MOVSI,BXMOVDH,1LEADI,TEMP1PUSHSICOMPARE2:LODSBMOVAH,[DI]CMPAL,2CHJEEQUALCMPAL,AHJBBELOWCMPAL,AHJAABOVEINCDIJMPCOMPARE2BELOW:INCDHPOPSIPUSHSILEADI,TEMP1CALLTEMPSAVE;使TEMP1存入当前最小,因为TEMP1当前元已经存在了;不可以再转存,否则出错POPSIADDSI,NINCSIPUSHSICMPDH,CLJAGOON2LEADI,TEMP1JMPCOMPARE2EQUAL:INCDH;不交换POPSIADDSI,NINCSIPUSHSICMPDH,CLJAGOON2;比较CL次LEADI,TEMP1JMPCOMPARE2ABOVE:;TEMP1始终指向当前最小,若当前值大于时最小时前移;此时TEMP1不便,只需前移就好,交换前后两个数的大小INCDHPOPSIPUSHSISUBSI,NSUBSI,1MOVDI,SIPOPSIPUSHSICALLCHANGEPOPSIADDSI,NINCSIPUSHSICMPDH,CLJAGOON2;比较CL次LEADI,TEMP1JMPCOMPARE2GOON2:LOOPCOMPARE1JMPGORETCOMPAREENDP;存储函数思路：从最后一位开始存,首位均置零,最高10位BUFFERTOSTOREPROCMOVCL,10ADDSI,2;SUBDI,3STORE:MOVAL,[SI]CMPAL,2CH;直到SI指向,<结束一个数>,再进行存储JESTORE2INCSIJMPSTORESTORE2:MOVBX,SI;存储SISTOREIN:ADDDI,N;ADDDI,3MOVDX,DI;存储DISTOREIN1:MOVAL,[SI]MOV[DI],ALDECSIDECDILEAAX,BUFFERADDAX,1;注意边界要取好,因其也有值CMPSI,AXJEJMP1MOVAL,[SI]CMPAL,2CHJEJMP1JMPSTOREIN1;条件控制循环JMP1:MOVSI,BXINCSI;进行存储下个数INCDX;使DI加1因为前几位已经用了MOVDI,DXLOOPSTORE;MOVAL,"$";INCDI;MOV[DI],ALRETBUFFERTOSTOREENDPCHANGEPROCPUSHDIPUSHSILEADI,TEMP3CALLTEMPSAVE;TEMP3存放SI当前值POPDI;往SI存入值POPSIPUSHSICALLTEMPSAVE;******把DI的值存入SI中POPDILEASI,TEMP3CALLTEMPSAVE;*******把SI的值存入DI中RETCHANGEENDPTEMPSAVEPROC;存储中间变量的函数,以DI,SI,为入口,以,标志位结束STEMP:LODSBMOV[DI],ALINCDICMPAL,2CHJENEXTJMPSTEMPNEXT:RETTEMPSAVEENDPTURNLINEPROCMOVDL,0AHMOVAH,02HINT21HRETTURNLINEENDPCODEENDSENDSTART输出结果为：实验9 设置光标的实验实验容：设置光标,起始位置为第5行第6列,结束位置为第8行第6列。完整代码如下:DATASSEGMENT;此处输入数据段代码DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此处输入代码段代码MOVAH,08;输入无回显INT21HMOVDH,5;设置行MOVDL,6;设置列MOVBH,0;设置页MOVAH,02INT10HMOVAH,08;输入无回显INT21HMOVDH,8;设置行MOVDL,6;设置列MOVBH,0;设置页MOVAH,02INT10HMOVAH,08;输入无回显INT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART输出结果为：〔任意输入一个字符,光标跳到5行6列,再任意输入一个字符,光标跳到8行6列这里光标截图后是看不到的,所以就不截图了实验10 计算N!的实验实验容：在键盘输入数字,结果显示在屏幕上。DATASSEGMENT;段定义〔结构;此处输入数据段代码P1DB'inputthenumber<0-6>:','$'p2DB13,10,'theresultis:','$'DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此处输入堆栈段代码ST1DW40HDUP<0>STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKS;段分配〔结构START:MOVAX,DATAS;设置段地址〔结构MOVDS,AXMOVAX,STACKSMOVSS,AX;此处输入代码段代码LEADX,P1;显示提示字符串'inputthenumber:'MOVAH,09INT21HMOVAH,01;键入N到A