2023年人教版中考英语完形填空解题技巧

中考英语完形填空解题技巧完形填空是中考英语常见的题型之一，即选择最恰当的单词或词组完成文章，完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔710个词，短文第一个句子一般不设填空题。四字口诀：把握全文明主线固定搭配记心间原词再现莫错过上下求索是关键完形解题思路：先跳过空格，读下文章，理解文章大意细读文章，先不看选项，试着把空填上再看文章，填上选项做完后记得读一读，不要立马丢掉整理知识点多练习，不要畏惧完形填空解题技巧：完形填空题首句往往不设空，往往是全文的关键句，或者称为主导句，要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。完形填空首先是一个阅读的过程，必须把握作者的思路，通过联想、推测等方法，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。通读全文，理顺大意，根据上下文找出信息词是做好填空题的关键。对词法、句法等基础知识的考察也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，要针对性地对语法结构、句式特点、对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词合适、应采取什么形式等分析思考。5.利用背景文化和生活常识解题做题时，积极调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，注意中西方文化的差别。如：表示结果层次的语篇标志firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等；表逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等；表改变话题的有bytheway等。弄清这些语篇标志词，就能理清上下文的关系。对词汇知识的考察主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。六种常用方法：一、主谓一致判断法在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，因此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。例：...Ashorttimeago,atest_____givenintheUnitedStates....Theresultsshowedthatifaperson_____arightbreakfast,heorshewillworkbetterthanheorshewhohasnobreakfast...二、固定句式判断法固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：therebe举行;not...until句型;Ittakes/tooksb.+金钱/时间+todosth.句型;It’s+形容词+(forsb.)todosth,句型;too...to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。Everyoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosertosomeone._____isnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laughanddothingswith...三、固定搭配法固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。FromMondaytoFridaymostpeoplearebusyworkingorstudying,butintheeveningandweekendstheyarefreeand_____themselves.SomewatchTVorgotothemovies;otherstakepart_____sports.Thisisdecidedbytheirowninterests...[例1]Onthetrain,Tomwaslooking___1___forhisticketbecausetheconductorwasing__2____tohisticket.1.A.out B.forward C.anywhere D.everywhere2.A.down B.up C.in D.on[例2]WheneverI’m______,Istilllookbackatthatyearbook.A.away B.out C.behind D.down三、上下文暗示法上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择;但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。MarkTwain,afamousAmericanwriter,wasoncetravelinginFrance.HewentbytraintoDijon.Hewasverytiredandwantedto_____.HeaskedtheconductortowakehimupwhenthetraingottoDijon.Butfirsthesaidhewasaheavysleeper...1.A.read B.write C.drink [例1]WhatdoIrememberaboutmychildhood?Thereweregoodthingsandbadthings.Weusedtolive______,andmyparentsalwaysgotupearlyinthemorningtofeedthecowsandsheep.A.inatown B.onafarm C.onabusystreet D.inacity[例2]Ialwaysrememberwakinguptothesmellofthebreakfastmymotherwascooking.Whatawonderfulsmell!Iusedto_______,washquicklyandrundownstairs.Mybreakfastwouldbewaitingformeonthetable.A.leavethebed B.lieinbed C.jumpoutofbed D.getup[例3]Ihonormyaunt,whotaughtmethethingsmy____couldn’t.soeveryJuneforthepast40years,ingrowingthankfulnesstomyAuntMarion,I’vesentheraFather’sDaycard.A.Teachers B.mother C.father D.friends四、逻辑推理法逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。Whenyouwaveafriend,youareusingsign(手势)languages.Whenyousmileatsomeone,youmeantobe_____.Whenyouputonefingerinfrontofyour_____,youmean“Bequiet.”Yet,peopleindifferentcountriesmayusedifferentsignlanguages.OnceanEnglishmanwasinItaly.HecouldspeakalittleItalian.Onedaywhilehewaswalkinginthestreet,hefelt_____andwentintoarestaurant...*逻辑关系词分为因果，并列，转折，否则。[例1]Formorethansixtyyears,AuntMariondidn’tandstilldon’tthinkofherself.________sheisforcedtoeuptothefront,myauntwillstandinthebackinfamilyphotos,andshedoesn’tthinkthathereffortshavemademuch…A.Unless B.Although C.Since D.Before五、词义辨析法词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点。在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。InEngland,peopledon’tlike_____verymuch.Youcangoonabus,_____onatrain,andpeoplejustsitlooking_____thewindows.Oftentheyread.Theyreadbooksandnewspapers.Buttheydon’ttalk...3.A.fromB.throughC.atD.outof[例1]AJapanesemanageroncesaidhehimselfandhisworkerswouldallstandwhiletheywerehavingmeetings.Doyou_________whathemeans?think B.guess C.know D.understand[例2]“Well,ifyouchangeyourmind,wearemeetingtomorrow,”hesaidbeforemovingtoanothertable.Allthatright,Ithoughtaboutthe________fromJeff.A.advice B.chance C.message D.offer七．情感态度法较难题，其中形容词，副词中分为三种情感：(1)正情感：happyamazing等(2)零情感：fastslowsurprising等(3)负情感：sadfailure等[例1]Laterthatday,IhappenedtopassJeffinthediningroom.Iofferedhima_________“congratulations”andwalkedtomyusualtable.Tomysurprise,Jeffputhisplatebesidemine.A.polite B.loud C.warm D.cheerful[例2]Amongthem,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptshaking.Ihadseenhimaround,andIknewhewasalwayslaughedat.Heseemedunsureofhimself,andwassopalethatit_____ustolookathim.38.A.worried B.surprised C.taught D.hurt真题演练（2020·湖北黄石）阅读下面的材料，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。LastMonday,ateachernamedCelinacheerfullyaskedherstudentswhattheirweekendswerelike.Aboysaidthathehadspenta___1___weekend—hehadhisteeth___2___outandtheystillhurt.“Whydoyoualwaysseemtobesohappy?”heasked.Hearingthe___3___,Celinaansweredwithasmile,“Everymorning,youhaveachoiceabouthowyouwilltreatyourwholeday.I___4___tobecheerful.”“Andtodayismyluckyday.”sheadded.“___5___?”thewholeclasswerecurious(好奇的).“Thismorning,I___6___amobikeandrodetoschoolasusual.Suddenly,themobikedidn’twork,soIhadtogoanotherkilometerdowntheroad.”“Themobikeisbrokenandit’syourluckyday?”Thestudentswere___7___.“Whatdoyoumean,Celina?”onegirlasked.“Itbrokedownaquarterbeforeclass,soIleftitataproperplaceand___8___theroad.Youknow,it’sspringnow.Thebeautifulflowers,greentreesandsweetbirdsongsweregreetingmealltheway.SoIhadthechancetoenjoythem.It___9___metenminutestoarriveandIwasstillabletoteachmyclassontime.”Thestudents’eyesopenedwide,andthentheysmiled.Celinasmiledback.Somehow,herstorytouchedthem.Shewashappyandsatisfiedthattheyhadaperfectchancetoconsider___10___inanewway.A．busy B．satisfying C．terrible D．meaningfulA．pulled B．pushed C．washed D．cleanedA．suggestion B．question C．decision D．introductionA．fail B．seem C．hate D．chooseA．Who B．When C．Why D．HowA．unlocked B．bought C．lent D．madeA．surprised B．bored C．patient D．nervousA．walkedthroughB．walkeddown C．walkedacross D．walkedintoA．paid B．spent C．cost D．tookA．dream B．purpose C．luck D．wish（2021·湖北黄石）Anoldsayinggoes,“WheninRome(罗马),doastheRomansdo.”IlearnedthemeaningofthiswhenIstudiedinRussia.OnedayI___11___someofmyChinesefriendstoafamouslocalrestaurantinMoscow.MyguestsandIwereexcitedfromvisitingRedSquareandhappyaboutourmeeting.Wechatted___12___untilthewaitertoldmethatweweretalkingtooloud.Weturnedourvoiceslower.Butthisdidn’tlastlong.Thewaitercameovertoustwomoretimeswiththesame___13___.Howbadanimpression(印象)wemusthaveleftonthelocalpeople!InChina,it’snaturaland___14___forahost(主人)tomakealivelyatmosphere(气氛).However,inRussiaandwesterncountries,havingamealinapublicplacemeansyoumust___15___yourvoicelow.Youneedtobepolitetoothers.Ifelt___16___aboutthis.Eventhoughwetriedourbest,it’sverydifficulttoformanewhabit.Russianshavetheirownspecialhabits.MyRussianfriend,Andreyalwayslooksaroundandthinksforawhilebeforeleavinghome.Iaskedhim___17___hedidthis.“Aha,”Andreysaid,“InRussia,peoplealwaysspendaboutaminute___18___thingsandplansintheirmindsbeforeleaving.Sotheywon’tleave__19___necessarybehind.Findingthedifferencesbetween___20___isveryinteresting.I’dliketokeepmyeyesandmindopen.A．made B．invited C．told D．taughtA．SurprisinglyB．friendly C．warmly D．carefullyA．message B．menu C．meal D．foodA．different B．serious C．important D．interestingA．take B．remain C．have D．keepA．bad B．strange C．angry D．nervousA．how B．when C．why D．whereA．goingaroundB．goingover C．goingon D．goingforA．nothing B．something C．everything D．anythingA．friends B．knowledge C．people D．cultures（2022·湖北黄石）Longlongago,therelivedateacherinasmallvillage.Heoften____21____hisstudentsinspecialways.Onedayhesentfourofhisstudentstogotoasmallfarmtoseeappletreesin____22____seasons.Thefirststudentwentinwinter,thesecondinspring,thethirdinsummer,andthelastinautumn.Afterthefourstudents____23____back,theteachercalledthemtogether.Theypictured（描述）their____24____totheteacher.Thefirststudentsaidthattherewerenoleavesonthetrees.Itmadehimfeelvery____25____.Thesecondstudent____26____,“Whatareyoutalkingabout?Myeyeswerefulloflightgreen.Itmademefeelhopeful.”Thethirdonecouldn’twaittosayexcitedly,“Howprettythetreeswere!Ifeltsorelaxed.Thesweetsmellofthe____27____spreadhereandthereattracting（吸引）manybeesandbutterflies.”Hearingthesewords,thelastoneshookhishead.Hesaidhegotastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenhesawalotofapplesont