Unit+5+Section+B+3a-Self+check+学案+(知识精讲) 初中英语人教新目标九年级全册

精品试卷·第2页（共2页）Unit5SectionB3a-Selfcheck学案【单元语法】一般现在时态的被动结构及用法一、概念理解1.

时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。如：HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.

他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。1.

语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。①

主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。如：

Thetallboyoftenhitshisclassmates

（主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）。②

主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+

及物动词的过去分词构成如：

Chineseisspokenbythemostpeopleintheworld（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。3

语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。如：

①Heislookingafterhissisterathome.

（此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构）②Heisbeinglookedafterwellbyhisparents.

（此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。二、被动语态最基本的句型结构：

be+及物动词过去分词说明：①、be

有时态，人称和数的变化。②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如lookafter,thinkof,takecareof,workout,laughat等，也可用于被动语态。三、被动语态的使用1.

当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by

短语。

“Mr.White,thecupwithmixturewasbrokenafterclass.”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。2.

突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by

短语。如：ThecupwasbrokenbyPaul.3.

当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in+

名词作状语，而代替by

短语。如：ThesecarsweremadeinChina.四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be+

过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by

的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by

短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in+

地点名词作状语。五、一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done如：

TeaisgrowninHangzhou.

杭州种植茶叶。【重点句型】Mytownisfamousfor…我的城镇以…出名。befamousfor…以…出名\闻名同义词组beknownforAnxiisfamousforitstea.ChinaisknownfortheGreatWall.单项选择()1.Themostcommonthings,frompapertoclaytobamboo,__________objectsofbeauty.A.turninto B.turnsinto C.areturnedinto D.isturnedinto()2.Afterdying,theyarefiredataveryhighheatandit_________severalweekstocompleteeverything.A.spends B.takes C.costs D.pays()3.Today,peoplelightthelanternsandwatchthem________theskywiththeirwishes.A.dealwith B.riseinto C.showup D.sendout()4.Wewillflyakiteassoonasyourhomework____________.A.hasfinished B.finishes C.willbefinished D.isfinished()5.There'stoomuchsaltintheChinesediet.Sothereis.TheWHOsaysonly1.5gramsofsalt_______foreachmaneveryday.A.isneeded B.needs C.willneed D.hasneeded二、用所给单词的适当形式填空6.Someoftheworld’sgreatestbooks(write)longago.

7.Woodcanbeused(make)paper.

8.Thepencilboxisusedfor(hold)pens.

9.KunquOperais(wide)thoughttobeoneofthesymbolsofSuzhou.Don’tmissitduringyourstayhere.

10.Wemustbecarefultoavoid(make)mistakesintheexam.

三、完成句子。11.你说的有道理。我们必须关注我们的牙齿健康。You______________________________.Wemustpayattentiontothehealthofourteeth.12.五四运动于1919年在北京爆发。In1919,theMay4thMovement_____________________in

Beijing.13.吉尔无疑是那家医院最好的护士。Jillis_____________________thebestnurseinthathospital.14.突然安迪家停电了。____________theelectricityinAndy’shousewasoff.15.我错拿了她的连衣裙，因为它和我的相似。Itookherdress_____________________becauseitwassimilartomine.四、完形填空Doyouknowanythingabouttheinventionofthebarcode(条形码)?Asmallfoodstoreownerfounditwas16tokeeprecordsoftheproductinformation.In1948,heaskedtheDrexelInstituteofTechnologytosolvethis17.BernardSilver,agraduatestudent,wasinterested.HeandhisfriendNormanJosephWoodland18toworkonit.Soon,theyinventedtheirfirstworkingsystem(系统).Thesystemdidwork19,butitwasveryexpensiveandsometimesthesystemdidn’tworkwell.Iftheinventionwastobecome20instores,theproblemshadtobesolved.Finally,

Woodland

solved21.Thepatent(专利权)forthebarcodesystemwas22forbySilverandWoodlandin1949,butthepatentwasnotgivenuntil1952.23thispatentwasgiven,thesystemwasstillnotpopularamongstoreowners.In1970,abusinessnamedLogiconInc.24heUniversalGroceryProductsIdentificationCode(食品工业统一码).Marsh’sSupermarketin

Troy

wasthefirststoreto25thisbarcodereadingsystem.Ithasbecomeverypopulareversince,andnowit’susedinalltypesofstoresallovertheworld.()16.A.easy

B.difficultC.interesting

D.boring()17.A.plan

B.problem

C.project

D.doubt()18.A.started

B.continuedC.refused

D.failed()19.A.atfirst

B.forexample

C.ontime

D.inperson()20.A.lively

B.cheapC.direct

D.popular()21.A.it

B.him

C.her

D.them()22.A.asked

B.offered

C.made

D.divided()23.A.Unless

B.Although

C.If

D.Since()24.A.found

B.mentioned

C.invented

D.remained()25.A.giveup

B.putupC.setup

D.cleanup五、阅读理解七选五ChinahasacceptedWesternfashionandtechnologyasithasdevelopedtheseyears,butalotofyoungpeopleareturningtothepastfortheirclotheschoices.26..

Asthegovernmentencouragestherenaissance(复兴)oftraditionalculture,Hanfuisgettingmoreandmorepopularwiththeteenagers.27..TheseshowsbringusbacktotheHanDynasty.Welearnmoreaboutthehistory,cultureandbeautyfromthem.

Hanfuhasn'tbeeninthesamestylesincetheHanDynasty.28..Theyallhavelargesoftrobes(袍子),withsleevesthathangdowntotheknees,sothehandscan'tbeseen.

AccordingtoCNN,ChineseHanfuculturehasbecomeanewtrendamongChineseyoungpeople.29..InmodernChina,Hanfufansareinallfields:fromhistoryfanstocartoonfans,tostudentsandevenprofessionals.

“Clothesarethebasicpartofculture,30.,”saidZhangJun,afamousreporter.“Ifthepeopleandthecountrydonotevenunderstandourtraditionalclothesordon'twearthem,howcanwetalkaboutotherimportantpartsofourculture?”

A.MoreandmoreyoungpeopleputonHanfuandgotothestreetstoshowpeopleHanfucultureB.MoreandmoreyoungpeopleputonHanfutoshowthattheyaredifferentfromothersC.soboththetraditionalclothesandmodernclothesplaythesameroleincultureD.becauseHanfuculturehasspreadtoothercountriesforalongtimeE.Everyyear,wecanenjoydifferentHanfushowsaroundthecitiesF.Theyareputtingontraditional“Hanfu”G.However,thiskindofclotheshassomethingincommon六、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空一词)。Therearemanyproductsinmyhome.Someareelectricmachines,suchasfridges,electricfans,TVsandcomputers.Othersarefurniture(家具),31.sofas,tablesandbeds.Thesemachinesandfurniturearemade32.differentmaterialsandtheyweremadeindifferentplaces.

Thewashingmachineis33.(main)madeofplasticandsteel.It34.(be)madeinQingdao,Shandong.Thebrandofthemachineis“Haier”.It's35.(know)allovertheworld.Myelectricbikeisg