环境生态学（双语）智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下青岛科技大学、长江大学

环境生态学（双语）智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下青岛科技大学、长江大学青岛科技大学、长江大学

任务一测试

Traditionalecologyincludes().

A:Ecosystem

B:Community

C:Population

D:Organism

答案:Ecosystem

;Community

;Population

;Organism

Experimentshavesomeelementsincommon，including().

A:ControlGroups

B:Randomization

C:Alltheabove

D:TreatmentGroups

答案:ControlGroups

;Randomization

;Alltheabove

;TreatmentGroups

Thestudyofenvironmentinfluenceontheevolutionoforganisms.Naturalselection,evolutionofpopulationsis().

A:EvolutionEcology

B:Communityecology

C:Behavioralecology

D:Landscapeecology

答案:EvolutionEcology

Thestudyofhowgroupsofindividuals(belongingtothesamespecies)grow(orshrink)andreproduce.Dependingonthenatureofthespecies,manyfactors(foodavailability,competition,predationetc.)mayaffectpopulationgrowthis().

A:Communityecology

B:Landscapeecology

C:Ecosystemecology

D:Populationecology

答案:Populationecology

AecosystemconsistsoftwobasicinteractingcomponentsofBioticandAbiotic.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

任务二测试

Inahydrologiccycle,thereareprocessosof().

A:Groundwaterrecharge

B:Interception

C:Precipitation

D:Infiltration

答案:Groundwaterrecharge

;Interception

;Precipitation

;Infiltration

Whatfactorsdeterminethepopulationgrowth?（）

A:immigrationrate

B:birthrate

C:deathrate

D:emigrationrate

答案:immigrationrate

;birthrate

;deathrate

;emigrationrate

Freshwaterishyperosmotic.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Saltwaterishypoosmotic.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

whenasystemdeviatesfromthenormalordesiredstate,mechanismsfunctiontorestorethesystembacktothatstate，itiscallednegativefeedback.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

任务三测试

Assumeapopulation,att=0,populationsizeisN(0),ratioofpopulationsizechangeinoneyeartothesizeoftheproceedingyear.Thismodelis().

A:geometricgrowthmodel

B:logisticgrowthmodel

C:linergrowthmodel

D:exponentialgrowthmodel

答案:geometricgrowthmodel

Theproportionsofeachindividualineachageclassisagestructure.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Thepurposeoflifetableistoprovideaclearandsystematicpictureofmortalityandsurvivalwithinapopulation.Canalsobeusedtosimulatepopulationsizechange.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

IntrinsicrateofincreasecanNOTbeestimatedfromthelifetable.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Birthrateandsurvivorshipdeterminenetreproductiverate.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

ThenumberofindividualsofapopulationtheenvironmentcansupportisCarryingcapacity.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

任务四测试

InteractionsbenefitbothspeciesisMutualism.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Benefitone,butdonoharmonanotheriscommensalism.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Arelationshipoftwoorganismslivingtogether(symbiosis)andonederivesitsnourishmentattheexpenseoftheotheriscalledParasitism.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Twoconsumerssharethesameresource,eachreducestheavailabilityofresourcesoftheother.Itiscalledcompetition.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Dynamicsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsreflectmutualevolutionaryresponses.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

任务五测试

PopulationsarelimitedbythesingleresourcethatismostscarcerelativetodemandiscalledLiebig'slawofminimum.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

ThetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodeliscalledLokta-VolterraModel.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

SpaceisNon-renewableresource.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Lokta-VolterraModelisderivedfromlogisticgrowthequationandaddinfluenceofanotherspecies(acompetitioncomponent.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Interspecificcompetitionreducestheequilibriumlevelofapopulationbelowthecarryingcapacity.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Thetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodel(Lokta-VolterraModel).（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Unstablesituation,bothinhibitinadensitydependentmanner.Dependingoninitialdensity,eithercanmakeotherextinct，competitioncangoeitherway.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Eachspeciesinhibitsitsownpopulationgrowthmorethancompetitor.Neithercaneliminatecompetitor,itiscoexistence.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

AsymmetriccompetitioncanNOToccurwhendifferentfactorslimitthepopulationsofcompetitors.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Thereare（）possibleoutcomesofinterspecificcompetition.()

A:four

B:three

C:Two

D:One

答案:four

任务六测试

Manypredatorandpreypopulationsincreaseanddecreaseinregularcycles.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Lotka-VolterramodelcanNOTbestabilizedbypredatorsatiation.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Consumer-ResourcesystemcanhaveONLYonestablestate.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

FactorscanINCREASEoscillationofpredator-preymodels.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Thereisacyclicalriseandfallinboththepredatorandpreypopulationswithtime.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Asurprisingpredictionofthepradationmodelisthatincreaseinrofpreygrowthleadstoanincreaseinpredatorpopulation,nottheprey.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Anincreaseinthebirthrateofpreyincreasesthepredatorpopulation,butnothepreypopulation.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Consumer-Resourcesystemcanhavetwoormorestablestates.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

Pathogen-hostdynamicscanbedescribedbyS-I-Rmodel.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Thechangeinpredatorandpreypopulationstogetherfollowsaclosedcyclethatcombinestheindividualchangesinthepredatorandpreypopulation,itiscalledjointpopulationtrajectory.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

任务七测试

Agroupofspeciesthatcoexistinaspaceandtimeandinteractwithoneanotherdirectlyorindirectlyiscalledcommunity.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

PlaceswheremanyspeciesreachtheedgesoftheirdistributionsiscalledEcotons.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Theindirecteffectsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsextendthroughadditionaltrophiclevelsofacommunityiscalledTrophiccascade.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Aspeciesthathasadisproportionate不成比例impactonthecommunityrelativetoitsabundanceiscalledKeystonespecies.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Relativeabundancemeanscountingallindividualsofeachspeciesinanumberofsampleplotswithinacommunityanddeterminingwhatpercentageeachcontributestothetotalnumberofindividualofallspecies.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Speciesrichnessmeansnumberofspecieswithinthecommunity.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Energyflowwebmeansconnectionsbetweenspeciesarequantifiedbythefluxofenergybetweenaresourceanditsconsumer.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Functionalwebmeansinfluenceonthegrowthrateofotherspeciespopulation.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Connectednesswebemphasizefeedingrelationshipsamongspecies,portrayed描绘aslinksinfoodweb.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

任务八测试

Theprocessofgradualand(seemingly)directionalchangeinthestructuralofthecommunitythroughtimeiscalledSuccession.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Primarysuccessionoccursonnewlyexposedsubstrates.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Monoclimaxhypothesisviewcommunityasahighlyintegratedsuperorganism,theprocessofsuccessionrepresentsgradualandprogressivedevelopmentofcommunitytoultimateorclimaxstage.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Successionbecomesself-limitingasitapproachestheclimax.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Successionisaseriesofchangesleadingtoastableclimax,whosecharacterisdeterminedbylocalenvironment.Onceestablished,abeech-mapleforestperpetuatesitself,anditsgeneralappearancechangeslittledespiteconstantreplacementofindividualswithinthecommunity.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

任务九测试

Bioticcommunityandabioticenvironmentfunctioningasasystem.Includesorganism-complexandwholecomplexofphysicalfactorsiscalledecosystem.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Ratioofcarbonfixed(photosynthesis)perunitofwaterlost(transpiration)iscalledWaterUseEfficiency.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Theratioofdrymatterproductiontotheassimilationofaparticularnutrientelement,usuallyexpressedasgramspergramiscalledNutrientuseefficiency(NUE).()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Standingcropbiomassisamountofac