北京市东城区2022年高二《英语》下学期期末试题与参考答案

北京市东城区2022年高二《英语》下学期期末试题及答案听下面3段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.MeetaChinesefriend.B.HaveaChinesemeal.C.TakeaChineseclass.2.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.He’snewtothecity.B.Helikesdrawing.C.He’shelpful.3.Whatwilltheboydotoday?A.Takeaspeakingtest.B.Havearestathome.C.Stayuplate.听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第4段材料，回答第4、5题。4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Classestochoose.B.Instructorstomeet.C.Languagestolearn.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Professorandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Classmates.听第5段材料，回答第6至8题。6.WhenwillthespeakersleaveonSaturdaymorning?A.At6:00.B.At6:30.C.At7:00.7.Whatisthemangoingtodorightnow?A.Preparesomesandwiches.B.Visithismother-in-law.C.Keepanappointment.8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.听第6段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Whatarethespeakerandhersistergoodat?A.Swimming.B.Teaching.C.Nursing.10.HowistheICUofSunflowerChildren’sHospitalnow?A.Smallandold.B.Servingasaschool.C.Biggerandwithmoreequipment.11.Whyisthespeakergivingthespeech?A.Tointroducethreeworldrecords.B.Toencouragepeopletodonate.C.Tocallfornewteachers.听下面一段对话，完成第12至15四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有15秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有50秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。ReservationNameJohn12PhoneNumber13Check-in&Check-out1417～20(FridaytoMonday)RoomRequirementA15roomAqueen-sizebed语法填空阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIhavethe___1___(great)jobintheworld.Itraveltounusualplacesandworkalongsidepeoplefromallovertheworld.Sometimesusing___2___(science)equipmentandsometimesmeetinglocalpeopleandtourists,Iamnever___3___(bore).Althoughmyjobisoccasionallydangerous,Idon’tmindbecausedangerexcitesmeandmakesmefeelalive.However,themostimportantthingaboutmyjobisthatIhelpprotectordinarypeople___4___oneofthemostpowerfulforcesonearth—thevolcano.BWaterisapreciousresource.Everypersonneedsit___5___(survive),andweuseitforcooking,drinking,growingourfoodandwashing.However，itisscarce(缺乏的).Just1%ofwateronEarthcan___6___(use)byhumans.What’smore，treatingwatertomakeitcleanandsafeandpumpingittoourhomesusesuplotsofenergy.So,whatcanyoudotohelpsavewater?Oneeasywayisby___7___(turn)offthetapwhenyoubrushyourteeth.CRobbiePhillipshasbecomethefirstBritishpersontocompleteoneofthetoughestchallengesinrockclimbing.___8___(know)astheAlpineTrilogy(阿尔卑斯三部曲),thechallengeconsistsofthreeclimbsonmountainsinAustria,GermanyandSwitzerland,___9___Phillipscompletedinfouryears.Untilnow,onlyfourotherpeople____10____(conquer)allthreeoftheextremelydifficultclimbs.答案：1.greatest2.scientific3.bored4.from5.tosurvive6.beused7.turning8.known9.which10.haveconquered完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ThespotofaredballooninatreewaswhatfirstcaughtRandyHeiss’s___11___onDecember16,2018.Hethenwalkedtowarditandfoundtheballoonattachedtoapieceof___12___.“Dayami,”itreadononeside,inachild’s___13___.Heissflippedthepaperover.ItwasanumberedlistinSpanish.HisSpanishisn’tverygood,buthecould_____14_____itwasaChristmaslist.Hewascharmedandwonderedwhetherhecould___15___thechild.About20milestothesouthwest,justacrosstheborder,wasthecityofNogales，Mexico.___16___theprevailingwind(常刮的风),hewasprettysurethat’swhereitcamefrom.Backhome,Heiss’swifewhoisfluentinSpanish___17___thelist.Heisslistenedcarefully:Dayami,___18___agirl,hadaskedforadoll,adollhouse,clothesandartsupplies.HeissthenpostedabouthisquestonFacebook,___19___photos,hopingsomeonemightknowthegirl’sfamily.Afewdayspassedwithnoleads;Heissworriedthattimewasrunningout___20___Christmas.OnDecember19,hedecidedtosendaprivateFacebookmessagetoRadioXENYinNogales.Thenextmorning,whenhewasstillinbed,Heiss___21___amessage:Thestaffhad___22___Dayami,whoindeedlivedinNogalesandwouldbewillingtoarrangeaget-togetherattheradiostation.Heissandhiswiferushedto___23___everythingonDayami’slist.Thentheydrovefor45minutes,___24___theborderintoNogales.Theyfinallymetthevery___25___girl.“Hereyeswerewideopenwithwonder.Like,‘Ohmygosh，thisreallydidwork!’Itwasabeautifulexperience,”Heisssaid.“Quitehealingforus.”Heiss,61,haslivedinBisbee,Arizonaformorethanthreedecades.Tenyearsago,heandhiswife___26___theironlychildinanaccident.Theyhaveevennograndchildren.NowtheysplittheirtimebetweenNogalesandBisbee.“BeingaroundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeen___27___inourlives,”Heisssaid.“It’sbeenkindofagapingholeinourChristmasexperience.”Hehassincereflectedonwhatamiracleitwasthatheoccasionally___28___theballoon,letalonethathewasabletomeetDayamiandherfamily.11.A.hands B.breath C.attention D.imagination12.A.paper B.glass C.wood D.cloth13.A.steps B.voice C.eyes D.writing14.A.remember B.see C.hope D.promise15.A.find B.adopt C.teach D.challenge16.A.Amazedat B.Sponsoredby C.Accustomedto D.Basedon17.A.drafted B.polished C.translated D.finished18.A.eventually B.probably C.ever D.even19.A.downloading B.taking C.attaching D.analyzing20.A.before B.at C.after D.until21.A.searchedfor B.decidedon C.subscribedto D.awoketo22.A.saved B.comforted C.located D.appointed23.A.consume B.buy C.produce D.exchange24.A.examining B.closing C.defending D.crossing25.A.frightened B.excited C.determined D.embarrassed26.A.left B.stopped C.lost D.disabled27.A.abused B.abnormal C.abstract D.absent28.A.blew B.released C.spotted D.decorated答案：11.C12.A13.D14.B15.A16.D17.C18.B19.C20.A21.D22.C23.B24.D25.B26.C27.D28.C阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACometobuildrobots!Robotsarefuntoplaywith,butdidyouknowthattheyareequallyfuntobuild?Don’tworry,it’seasierthanyoumaythink.Youdon’thavetoknowlotsaboutelectronicsorbeageniusatengineeringtohaveagoatcreatingyourownrobot.Therearelotsofsimplekits(配套原件)andresourcesavailablethatmakeiteasytobuildarobotinyourownhome,andifyoudon’tfeelconfidentenoughtohaveagoathome,thereareplentyofclubsthatoffercoursesinrobot-buildingforyoungpeople.

Whytobuild?“Creatingarobotteachesyouingreatabouthowitisputtogetherandhowitworks,“saysSteveHubbard,ofRobotFun,whichhostsroboticsmasterclassesforteensinSuffolk.“Asyoubuildandtestarobot,youalsolearnhowtofixitwhenthingsgowrong,astheyalwaysdo.”Buildingandprogrammingarobotisapracticalapplicationofscienceandengineeringandagreatwayoflearninghowtosolveallsortsofproblems.Youdon’tneedanyspecialskills.IfyoucanbuildwithLegoordrawaline,youcanbuildandprogramarobot.

Howtostart?MatthewApplegaterunstheCreativeComputingClubinIpswich,Suffolk.Hesays,“TheLegoRobotskitsareamazing.Youcanusecardboard,gluesticksandstringtomakeaprototype(雏形).’’Somekitscanbeexpensivebuttherearewaystobuildyourrobotsusingthingsaroundthehouse.Youcanbuildanarmwithcardboard,strawsandstring,addingittoalow-costkit.Buildingrobotsisreallygreat.Itisn’teasyatfirst，butwhenyougetbetter,youwillbesurprisedhowmuchyoucando.Cometogetyourfirstrobotkitandmakeitwhirrintolife!FordetailsonhowtobuildaRaspberryPibuggy:/TWJ-robotbuggyFordetailsonhowtojoinarobotclub:/TWJ-membersFormoreinformationonkitsandclasses:/TWJ-resourcesFormoreinformationonrobotsandtheirhistory:/TWJ-realrobots29.What’sessentialtobuildarobotathome?A.Goodskillsatelectronics.B.Necessarypartstoputtogether.C.Muchknowledgeonengineering.D.Richexperienceinplayingwithrobots.30.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutdifferentrobotkits,youcanvisit________.A./TWJ-robotbuggy B.tinyurl,com/TWJ-realrobotsC/TWJ-resources D./TWJ-members31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageteenstolearntosolveproblemsbybuildingrobots.B.Toexplaintheadvantagesofbuildingone’sownrobots.C.Toanalysetheneedofteenstobuildtheirownrobots.D.Toadvertiseamethodofbuildingrobotswithfun.答案：29.B30.C31.DBFreeHaircutsonaRedChairLastsummer,KatieStellerwasonherwaytowork.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereaman,inhis60s,lookingoutofluck,wassittingalone.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.Doyouwantonerightnow?”Theman,missingafewteeth,pausedandlaughed.“Actually,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneral(葬礼)togotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Then,Stellerunloadedaredchairfromthecar.Theman,namedEdward,tookaseat.AsStellerwascuttinghiscurlygrayinghair,hetoldheraboutgrowingupinMississippi,aboutmovingtoMinnesota,andhowhestilltalkedtohismomoverphoneeveryday.Todate,Stellerhasgiven30orsosuchhaircutstopeoplearoundthecity.Theyarealllivingonthemargins,andsheisawareofthepowerofherwork.“It’smorethanahaircut,”shesays.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.”Stellerknowsthatahaircutcanchangealife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromulcerativecolitis(溃疡性结肠炎)thatwassoserious,herhairthinnedseverely.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesays.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownhairsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetologyschool(美容学校)in2016,sherealizedherdream.Twoyearslater,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Stellersaid,“Ican’tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Stellerlistenstopeople’sstoriesofloss,addiction,andstruggletogetbackontheirfeet.AnoffshootoftheRedChairProjectistheStellerKindnessProject,inwhichpeoplewhocommitactsofkindnessareinvitedforafreemakeover(美容)atSteller’ssalon.Inexchange,theytelltheirstories,whichStellersharesonherwebsite.Herhopeisthatbyreadingaboutkindacts,otherswillbeinspiredtodotheirown.Sofar,it’sworking.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivetothem,”saysSteller.32.EdwardagreedtohaveahaircutbyStellerbecause________.A.hewantedtotalkwithStellerabouthislifeB.hewantedtolookgoodforaspecialoccasionC.hewastoooldtogotoahairsalonbyhimselfD.hewasjustwaitingforafreehaircutonthestreet33.Inparagraph5,theunderlinedwords“livingonthemargins”canprobablybereplacedby________.A.livingwithlittlecareandattentionB.livingfarfromdowntownareasC.livingwithseriousillnessesD.livinginuntidyconditions34.WhatmadeStellerwanttosetupherownsalon?A.Herexcellenthaircutskills.B.Hermother’sencouragement.C.Herexperienceofaformalhaircut.D.Herdreamtoofferpeoplefreehaircuts.35.What’sthepurposeofStellerKindnessProject?A.Tomakecontributionstocharity.B.Toencouragepeopletospreadkindness.C.Torewardkindpeoplewithfreemakeovers.D.TocollectmovingstoriesforSteller’swebsite.答案：32.B33.A34.C35.BCOlympiads(奥林匹克竞赛)areakindofcompetitiveexamtotapexceptionalstudentswiththebestofpotential,talent,andIQ.Theseexamsareconductedtochallengeandmotivatethebrighteststudentsfromaroundtheworldandtourgemoreandmorechildrentotakeupacareerinpurescience.ButwhydomostparentsnowadayswanttheirchildrentoparticipateinOlympiads?Participatinginandwinninganykindofcompetitionisoneofthebestfeelingsintheworld.Competitionsawardmerit(优点),performance,excellence—quiteliterally,thebestinahumanbeing.Thus,itmightbeunderstandablethat:alotofprideisassociatedwithachildqualifyingatanyoftheOlympiadlevels.Whodoesn’twanttobetheproudparentofasmart,intelligentyoungchild?IthasalsobeenclaimedthatOlympiadscanactasagreatmoralebooster(信心增强剂).Bangalore-basedprogrammerofOlympiadHelper,VikashAnilsays,“Evenwhenstudentsdon’twin,theirconfidencegrows.”However,thereareanumberofseriousconsiderationsparentsaremissingouton,whichhasimpactsonchildren.Theyarebeingburdenedwiththepressureofperformingwellintheseexams—apressurethatisoftentoohighandunhealthyfortheiryoungmindsandbodies.Theyarealsobeingintroducedtopeerpressureand“competition”inaverynegativeanduglylight.What’sworse,theageatwhichchildrenarebeingforcedtotaketheseexamskeepdroppingwitheachpassingyear.Childrenasyoungas5or6yearsoldarebeingsentawaytotuitions(辅导)rightafterschoolgetsover.Manyeducationistsarecondemningthis,becausetheInternationalScienceOlympiadsisforhighschoolstudentsonly.TheclaimthatOlympiadsactuallymakechildren“moreconfident”cannotbereadilyaccepted.WhilealotofgoodoutcomesarepossiblefromOlympiads,itisalsotruethatallstudentswillnotreactpositivelyto“failing”atOlympiads.Morestudentsaregoingtocomeoutfeelingmiserableforhavingfailedtheexam.Beingaparentintoday’sdynamic,commercialandmaterialworldisnoteasy.Itisindeedapityifparentsarechasing“recognition”,ratherthan“excellence”and“merit”fortheirchildren.Thereisnosuchthingasa“good”,ora“poor”child.Parentsshouldrealizethis,embracethis,andempowerthemselvesandtheirchildrenwiththis.AsapartingthoughtIwouldliketoleavethisEinsteinquote:“Everybodyisagenius.Butifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid.”36.WhydomostparentswanttheirchildrentoparticipateinOlympiads?A.Toprovetheirchildren’spotentialandexcellence.B.Topreparetheirchildrenforapuresciencecareer.C.Tostrengthentheirchildren’scompetitiveawareness.D.Tomaketheirchildrenbenefitfromstressandfailures.37.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoVikashAnil’swords?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Disapproving. D.Uninterested.38.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Olympiads:AreChildrenRelyingonTuitionsTooMuchB.Olympiads:AreChildrenStartingataTooYoungAgeC.Olympiads:AreParentsBeingDrivenbyCommercialsD.Olympiads:AreParentsBecomingOver-Ambitious答案：36.A37.C38.D根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。AControversialRestoration(修复)Certainmasterpiecesarerecognizedworldwideasoutstandingachievementsinhumancreativityandimagination.____39____Alloftheseworksarehundredsofyearsold,andlikeeverythingthatages,somepartsofthemneedtoberestoredfromtimetotime.However,noteveryoneagreesonhowandwhencertainworksshouldberestored.____40____Forexample,throughcarefulstudyofthebuilding,expertsfoundthattheTajMahalwasslidingtowardtheriverbesideit!Restorationeffortsthenbegantorepaircracksinthebuildingandhalt(停止)itsslide.However,suchworksastheSistineChapelandthestatueofDavidarenotunderanythreatofseriousdamageorloss.Rather,restorationsareplannedtocleanortouchuptheworkssothattheylookbetter.Davidisaperfectcaseinpointofjustsuchatouch-upproject.Forthestatue’s500th“birthday”,themuseuminItalywhereDavidstandstodayplannedtorestorethestatue’sappearance.Inreality,Davidwasjustdirty.____41____Formorethan300years,thestatuestoodoutdoorsinasquareinFlorence.Whenhecarvedthesculpture,Michelangeloplannedforittostandoutsideandnaturallyaccumulatethemarksofweathering.Therefore,criticsofDavid’srestorationclaimedthatcleaningthestatuewouldchangeitsintendedappearancebytheartist.____42____Afterninemonthsofcarefulcleaning,therestoredDavidwasrevealed(展现)tothepublic.So,howwasthestatuedifferent?Foronething,David’shairwasnolongerblackenedwiththickdirt.Also,thestainsonhishandsweregone,andthedirtystreaks(条痕)onhisleftleghadbeenerased.Asoneartexpertremarked,“Onlysomeonewithexpertknowledgeandlongasfamiliaritywiththe‘skin’ofthestatuewillbeawarethatcertainunattractiveirregularitiesarenolongerthere.”Ontheotherhand,therestorationoftheSistineChapelresultedinadramaticdifferenceinthework’sappearance.Throughpainstakingefforts,thefrescoes(壁画)oftheSistineChapelwerebeautifullyrestoredbyerasingyearsofdustanddirtfromtheceilingandwalls.____43____However,mostviewitsrestorationasamarveloussuccess.A.Thatshouldnothavesurprisedanyone.B.Afewcriticsmaintainthattheartist’sworkhasbeenruined.C.Ignoringthesecriesofdisapproval,themuseumwentaheadwiththerestoration.D.Themuseumwantedtounderstandhowthechangeswerehappeningandthebestwaytorestoreit.E.Insomecases,thereisapressingneedforsomethingtobedoneinordertosaveahistoricaltreasure.F.Evencriticsoftheprojectagreedthatthetouch-upstothemasterpiecewereverymoderate(适度的).G.ThreegoodexamplesofsuchworksaretheTajMahal,theSistineChapel，andthesculptureofDavid.答案：39.G40.E41.A42.C43.B选词填空选用方框内的词组，并用其恰当形式完成句子。每个词组仅使用一次。appealtobecomeawareofinspiteofbeoccupiedwithinotherwords44.________thedangerofbeinginfectedwiththedisease,thedoctorsandnurseswereb