山东省泰安市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷

高三第一轮复习质量检测英语试题本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题，共12页。试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后.将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。2.答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。3.答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemailwantodo?A.Getsomepaper. B.Makesomecopies. C.Replacethephotocopier.【答案】B【解析】【分析】W:Excuseme,butistheresomethingwrong?M:I’mgoingcrazy!There’spaperstuckinthisphotocopier.Ionlyneedafewcopies,andIcan’tgetittoworkagain.Oh,Idon’tevenknowwherethepaperjamis.【详解】此为听力题，解析略2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What’stheman?A.Awaiter. B.Anaccountant. C.Aprogrammer.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M:Ihatemyjob.IwanttoworksomewherewhereIdon’thavetowaittablesanddealwithpeopleeveryday.W:Yeah,getoutofcustomerservice!Youshouldbeanaccountantorworkonlinefromhome.【详解】此为听力题，解析略3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Inapark. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inagym.【答案】A【解析】【分析】W:Goodmorning.Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!Youredoingyourmorningexercise,too,arentyou?M:Yes.I’vebeenjoggingforfifteenminutes.It’swonderfulhere.Freshair,clearskies,beautifulflowers...【详解】此为听力题，解析略4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanplainingabout?A.Thebadtraffic.B.Herearlyworkschedule.C.Theannoyingconstruction.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W:Theconstructioninfrontofourbuildinghasbeengoingonforabouttwomonthsnow,andit’sdrivingmecrazy!Plus,there’snoreasontheyneedtostartat7o’clockinthemorning.M:Trueenough.Let’sseewhatwecandoaboutit.I’lltalktothemfirstthinginthemorning.【详解】此为听力题，解析略5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanprobablywin?A.Atelevision. B.$64incash. C.Aradio.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M:OK,thenumberis...M64.DoesanyonehavenumberM64?W:Oh,yes,I’vegotM64:Thisisamazing!I’veneverwonanythinglikethisbefore!I’msohappy!M:Well,you’llbeevenhappierwhenyoustartwatchingyourfavoriteprogramsonitathome!【详解】此为听力题，解析略第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】6.Whenwastheflightsupposedtotakeoff?A.At8am. B.At11am. C.At2pm.7.Whatwillthespeakersfailtodo?A.Attendameeting.B.Meetsomecustomers.C.Gosightseeinginthecity.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】M:Cathy,youlookworried.Why?W:⑥AccordingtothescreenourfighttoSydneyhasbeendelayedby3hours,sonowwewon’tbeboardingtheplaneuntil2pm.Butwehaveameetingatnight.M:Thatshouldn’tbeaproblem.Themeetingwithourcustomersisn’tuntil8o’clock.⑦Unfortunatelywewon’thavetimetotakeatourofthecityasweplanned.Ihavebelookingforwardtoitforalongtime.W:Whatapity!However,wecanlookaroundnexttime.【6题详解】此为听力题，解析略【7题详解】此为听力题，解析略听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Bakingacake. B.Makingapizza. C.Eatingsomepopcorn.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】M:Justsmellthat,willyou?Cool,isn’tit?W:Hmm...Ithinkit’llbegreat.M:Betterthanthatpopcornwemadewhenweburntthepan.Doyouremember?Mommadeuspromisenevertomakeitathomeagain.W:Shedidn’tneedto.Itwasseriouslybad.⑧We’lljusthavetoremembertogetthispizzaout.M:Yeah,in15minutesit’llbeready.W:Yes.Whatdoyouthinkweshouldhavefordessert?Ifancysomecakes.M:Let,smakeone.【8题详解】此为听力题，解析略【9题详解】此为听力题，解析略听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】10.Wheredoesthewomanefrom?A.Japan. B.Kenya. C.China.11.Howisthewoman’scountrydifferentfromothercountries?A.Kidslikeplasticpaperhalls.B.Kidsareallgoodsoccerplayers.C.Kidsmakesoccerballsthemselves.12.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Abankclerk. B.Asoccerplayer. C.Ahighschoolstudent.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】M:Flora,whenyouwerelittle,whatdidyouliketodo?W:WhenIwassmallandIwasatjuniorhighschoolIusedtolikeplayingsoccerwithmyfriends.⑩ActuallyinKenya,what’sdifferentfromothercountriesisweusedtomakeourownsoccerballtoplay.So,itwasveryeasy.M:Wow.Howdidyoumakethesoccerballs?W:Weusedtocollectlikeplasticandpaperandbind(绑)themwithstringtomakesomethinground.Soitwaslike,youdidnthavetospendanymoney.M:Wow,that’sIngenious(灵巧的).That’sgreat.Sowereyouagoodsoccerplayer?W:Notreally.IusedtolikeplayingsoccerbutIwasnotverygoodactually,totellthetruth.M:Yeah,likeme.Iwasn’taverygoodathlete.ImeanIlikesportsbutIwasneververygood.Um,sodoyouplaysoccerinJapan?W:Sometimes...⑫Rightnow,actuallyI,’mnotplayinganymorebecausetheworkinthebanktakesupmuchofmytime.【10题详解】此为听力题，解析略【11题详解】此为听力题，解析略【12题详解】此为听力题，解析略听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】13.HowoldisCorey?A.7yearsold. B.16yearsold. C.19yearsold.14.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritehobbynow?A.Skiing. B.Swimming. C.Acting.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofplayingputergames?A.Ithelpshermakefriends. B.It’sawasteoftime. C.It’srelaxing.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.HaveanEnglishclass.B.Gototheteacher’soffice.C.Meetthewoman’sfriends.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】W:Whereareyoufrom,Corey?M:ImfromCanada.I’vejustmovedhere.W:Canada!Areyougoodatwintersportsthen?M:Yeah,Ilovewintersportsverymuch,suchasskiingandsnowboarding.Ialsolikeicediving.W:Wow!Thatsoundsquiteexciting!M:Yeah.⑬I’vebeendoingthatfor7years,sinceIwas9.Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?W:Well,swimmingusedtobemyfavoritehobby.⑭ButnowIspendmostofmysparetimeintheactingclubIjoinedlastyearandIreallylovethetheaterIreallywanttobeanactressoneday.Haveyougotanyotherhobbies?M:Um,IguessIenjoyplayingonlineputergames.Ifeelquiterelaxedwhenplayingthegamesandithelpsmemakenewfriends.Howaboutyou?Doyouspendmuchtimeonline?W:Well,F’mnotinterestedinputergames.⑮Ithinkitmakesnosensespendingtimeplayingsomethingwithstrangers.Ipreferchattingfacetofacewithmyfriends.M:Ilikechattingwithfriendstoo.W:⑯Oh,it’stimeforclass.OurEnglishteacherising.AfterclassI’llintroduceyoutosomeofmyfriends.【13题详解】此为听力题，解析略【14题详解】此为听力题，解析略【15题详解】此为听力题，解析略【16题详解】此为听力题，解析略听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeechabout?A.Schoolactivities. B.Travelingplans. C.Outdoorcourses.18.Wherewillthestudentsvisitthistime?A.Alake. B.Aforest. C.Abeach.19.Whatwillthestudentslearntodo?A.Makeabirdhouse. B.Designbackpacks. C.Feedbirds.20.Howmanyhourswillthestudentsspendin“Nature”?A.12. B.24. C.36.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】M:Hello,everyone.Myname’sBen.I’mfromagroupcalled“Name”.Weruncoursesforyoungpeoplelikeyoutododuringweekends.NowI’dliketotellyouaboutthecoursesyoucandoonSaturdaymornings.Youcanlearnalotaboutthingslikescienceandmathsatschool.Thesecoursesarereallyaboutgivingyoustudentsthechancetoeandfindoutwildlife.It’sanareathattendstogetforgotten.Weusuallytakestudentstoawildplacethat’sneartheirhome.Sometimeswegotoabeachoralake,⑱butwe’veplannedforyoutogotoaforestthistime.That’stheclosestplaceforyou,andtheeasiesttogetto.Takingpartinouractivitiesmeansyougettodoallsortsofthingsincludingbuildingafire,whichyouwouldn’tnormallybeallowedtodoathome.Whileyou’rewithus,we’llalsoshowyouhowtomakethingsoutofdifferentmaterials.Onthelastcourse,everyonedesignedbackpackswhichtheywereverypleasedwith.⑲Thistimewe’dgetyoutodesignandmakeabirdhouse.Whenitisfinished,youcantakeithomeandshowittoyourfamily.Wethinkyou’llreallyenjoythis.Now,we’dlikeyoutoeanddosomeactivitieswithus.⑳Youspendthreehourseachweekwithusandthecourseslastfor12weeks.Thatmightsoundalongtime,butwethinkyou’llnotbesorrywhenit’sover.Now,anyquestions?【17题详解】此为听力题，解析略【18题详解】此为听力题，解析略【19题详解】此为听力题，解析略【20题详解】此为听力题，解析略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheGiftofLifeMostcouplesdemonstratetheirloveonFebruary14withflowersorchocolates.Butthesefourmenandwomenhaveofferedtheultimatelovinggesture—thegiftoflife.Eachsacrificehasenabledtheirlovedonestolivefullandactivelivesagainafterseriousillness.I’DDoTHESAMEFORHERMicheleJohnson，53，hasbeenmarriedtoGay，57，for26years.Withherhusbandsufferingfromacongenital(先天性的)kidneycondition，in2013Michelegavehimoneofhem.Gaysaid:“Ineededtobehookeduptoadialysis(透析，IfeltgreatassoonasIwokeupaftertheoperation.ItoldherI’ddothesameforher.”ILOVEBRENDATOBITSBrendaGreen，62，metherhusbandKeith，63，whenshewas24andtheymarriedfiveyearslater.WhenBrendawastoldfiveyearsagosheneededakidneytransplant，Ⅱgiveyoumine.”Keithsaidwithouthesitation.“BrendaismywifeandIlovehertobits.”MYWIFE’SMYHEROStephenHeavyside，61，andwifePatricia，62，havebeenmarriedfor40years.Stephensaid:“Iwasdiagnosedwithadultpolycystickidneydiseasefiveyearsago.Patriciatookgoodcareofmeanddonatedakidney.Thishasbroughtusevencloser.”Hesaid“Patricia’sgiftchangedmylife.Sheismyhero.”DECISIONWASEASYAnnaStevens，48，andhusbandGary，53，ofWatford，Herts，havebeenwedfor23years.Annadonatedakidneytoherhusband.Shesaidofthetransplant:“ItwastheeasiestdecisionI’veevermade.”Garysaid.“There’sonlytwowordsthatIcanusetodescribeher:Myangel.”21.HowwasMicheleJohnson’shusbandbeforetheoperation?A.Hesuddenlysufferedfromkidneydisease.B.Hehadtobeondialysisalongtime.C.Hedidn’twanttoliveanylonger.D.Hefeltgreatinspiteofthesickness.22.WhydidStephenHeavysidesayherwifewashishero?A.Theyhadbeenmarriedforalongtime.B.Theyhadgotalongwellwitheachother.C.Shetookgoodcareofhimafterhegotill.D.Herecoveredbecauseofhiswife’sgift.23.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourcouples?A.Fourwivesdonatedtheirkidneystotheirhusbands.B.Theyhadallbeenmarriedmorethan20years.C.Thepatientssufferedfromcongenitalkidneydisease.D.Theydemonstratetheirlovewithflowersorchocolates.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提到了四对结婚超过20年的夫妻，在一方配偶遭受疾病困扰的情况下，细心照料，甚至不惜捐赠自己的身体器官来挽救配偶的故事。【21题详解】细节理解题。第三段第一句“Gaysaid:“Ineededtobehookeduptoadialysis(透析)machine.Ihadnoqualityoflifeatall.However，IfeltgreatassoonasIwokeupaftertheoperation.ItoldherI’ddothesameforher.””可知MicheleJohnson的丈夫Gay在手术前很长一段时间必须做透析，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。第五段第二句“Stephensaid:“Iwasdiagnosedwithadultpolycystickidneydiseasefiveyearsago.Patriciatookgoodcareofmeanddonatedakidney.Thishasbroughtusevencloser.””可知StephenHeavyside的妻子照顾他并捐赠了一个肾给他，因此他将妻子视为他的英雄，故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。分析四段介绍可知每一对夫妻的结婚时间都超过了20年，故B选项正确；第四段第二句：Brendawastoldfiveyearsagosheneededakidneytransplant.可知Brenda夫妻中是妻子Brenda需要肾移植，故A选项中“四位妻子都捐了肾给他们的丈夫”的说法是错误的，故排除；分析文章，以及根据第三段第一句“Withherhusbandsufferingfromacongenital(先天性的)kidneycondition”可知只有MicheleJohnson的丈夫患有先天性的肾疾病，故C选项“所有的病人都患有先天性肾疾病”是错误的，故排除C选项；根据文章内容可知，这四对夫妻都是通过对彼此的照顾和捐赠器官的方式来表达自己的爱意的，并没有用爱和巧克力来宣告彼此的爱情，故D选项错误。综上，最终选B。BDoesyourschoolhaveanyproblemswithdiscipline?Whathappenswhenstudentsstepoutofline?Herearesomeexamplesofbadbehaviour:◎Playingtruant(missingschoolwithoutpermissionfromparents).◎Stealing，smoking，hitting，swearing(说脏话)，running，kissing.◎Cheatinginexams.◎Callingateacheroranotherpupilbadnames.◎Notdoinghomework.◎Notlisteningornotpayingattentioninlessons.◎Wearingunsuitableclothes.HerearesomeofthewaysthatUKschoolchildrencanbepunished:Exclusion:apupilisaskedtoleavetheschoolandnoteback.Thepupilhastofindanewschooloradifferentmethodofeducation.Suspension:apupilcannotenterthebuildingorattendlessonsuntiltheschoolhasameetingabouttheirsituation.Suspensioncanlastfromoneto45days.Thepupilisusuallygivenworktodoathomewithaspecialteacher.Detention:apupilisaskedtostayafterschoolandworkfor30—60minutesbeforetheyCanleave.Lines:apupilhastowriteasentencemanytimes(e.g.100ormore)onasheetofpaper，e，g，“Imustnotshoutinclass”.FreyaMacDonald，a15yearoldpupilfromScotland，madethenewswhensherefusedtoacceptherschool’spunishment.Herfamilysaysthatshewasgiven11detentionsfortrivialthingsinclassandingintoschoolthroughafiredoor.FreyasaysthatrepeateddetentionsdisruptedherfighttoaneducationunderScottishlawandmadeitdifficultforhertolearn.Sherefusedtoreturnuntiltheschoolrespectedhercivilrights.Shewantstheheadmasterandherteacherstosignalettertopromisethis.HundredsofschoolsinScotlandweretoldnottousedetentionasapunishmentbecauseofherlegalaction.ManyUKschoolsnowgiveparentsahomeschoolcontract，explainingtheirdisciplineandrules.Parentsmustsignthisdocumenttoagreethattheyaccepttheschool’srulesanddisciplineandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirchild’sbehaviour.24.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Someexamplesofbadbehaviourinschoo1.B.mondisciplineandrulesinUKschools.C.HowUKschoolsdisciplineandpunishstudents.D.WhatUKparentsthinkofschoolpunishment.25.WhatdoweknowaboutsuspensioninUKschools?A.Itisthemostseriouspunishmentforstudents.B.Apupilisnotpermittedtoebacktoschoo1.C.Itforcesstudentstowriteacriticalselfreview.D.Apupilcanebackwithinoneandhalfamonth.26.WhatdidFreya’slegalactionresultin?A.Shedidn’twanttostudyata11.B.Manyschoolscancelleddetentiontopunishstudents.C.Shedidn’tstepoutoflineafterthat.D.Teacherssignedalettertorespecthercivilrights.27.WhydomanyUKschoolssignacontractwithparents?A.Tomakeiteasyforstudentstolearn.B.Tohelpparentsknowaboutschoolrules.C.Toshareresponsibilityfortheirchild’sactions.D.Toavoidtheirownresponsibilityforeducation.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国学校惩罚孩子的一些方式，包括：开除、停学、留堂。并且学校会与家长签订协议，为了使家长为孩子的行为承担责任。【24题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二个黑色标题“HerearesomeofthewaysthatUKschoolchildrencanbepunished”以及后文主要为介绍英国学校惩罚孩子的一些方式，故文章主要讨论了英国学校如何惩罚学生的，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第六段倒数第二句“Suspensioncanlastfromoneto45days.”可知停学可以持续一天到四十五天不等，即学生最长可以在一个半月后回到学生。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句“HundredsofschoolsinScotlandweretoldnottousedetentionasapunishmentbecauseofherlegalaction.”可知由于她的法律行动，苏格兰数百所学校被告知不准将留堂作为一种惩罚。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。最后一段最后一句“Parentsmustsignthisdocumenttoagreethattheyaccepttheschool’srulesanddisciplineandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirchild’sbehaviour.”可知英国的学校和父母签订合约是为了和父母为他们孩子的行为承担责任，故选C。CToday，weareconstantlybombardedwithmediareportsaboutresearchontherightdiettofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyleorloseweight—butit’shardtoknowwhichonetopickand，oncechosen，it'sharderstilltosticktoit.Andnowthere’sanotherchoicetogetourteethinto.Aflexitarian(弹性素食者)dietinvolveseatingplant—basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeatandfish.Thiseatingstyleallowsyoutosupplementsomeingredientsthatyouwouldn’tgetinastrictervegan(素食主义者)diet—anothertrendgrowinginpopularity.Andlikeveganism，flexitarianismisn’tabouteatingcarefullytohelpyouloseafewpounds—it’ssomethingpeoplechooseforethicalreasons，tohelptheplanet.Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate，hasfoundthateatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallby2050.Thisresearchfoundthatfoodwastewillneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprovetoachievethis.Butwithoutasinglesolution，abinedapproachisneeded.DrMarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxfordwasoneoftheleadauthorsofthereport.HetoldtheBBC“Wereallyfoundthatabinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant—baseddiets.”Butwhereasvegansthinkit'swrongforanimalstobekilledforfood，flexitariansbelieveeatingmeatonceinawhileisacceptable.AndDrSpringmannagrees—aslongaswe“treatitasaluxury，it’sprobablyOKbutyoushouldn’thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat，whichincludesbeefandpork，perweek.”Andhere’sanotherfacttodigest:Ifwemovedtothistypeofdiet，thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbecutbymorethanhalf.28.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothetopic. B.Toentertainthereaders.C.Toaskforinformation. D.Topresentanidea.29.Fromthetext，wecanknowthataflexitariandiet__________.A.isthemostpopulareatingstyle B.involveseatingnomeatC.benefitstheenvironment D.onlybalancesthenutrition30.WhatdoesDrMarcoSpringmannagreewith?A.It’swrongtokillanimalsforfood.B.Improvingfarmingpracticesmakesnosense.C.Aplantbaseddiethasnothingtodowithclimatechange.D.binedmeasuresareneededforenvironmentalprotection.31.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Methodsofkeepingfit B.ChooseaflexitariandietC.Measurestoprotecttheenvironment D.Keepastrictvegandiet【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种可以帮助我们保持健康的生活方式或者减肥的饮食方式：弹性素食者饮食，它包括吃植物性食物，偶尔吃肉和鱼。作者指出这种饮食方式将有益于保护环境。【28题详解】判断推理题。根据第一段“Today，weareconstantlybombardedwithmediareportsaboutresearchontherightdiettofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyleorloseweight—butit’shardtoknowwhichonetopickand，oncechosen，it'sharderstilltosticktoit.Andnowthere’sanotherchoicetogetourteethinto.”段意：今天，我们不断地被各种各样的媒体报道，这些报道都是关于研究正确的饮食来帮助我们保持健康的生活方式或减肥的。但很难知道选择哪一种，一旦选择了，就更难坚持下去。现在我们有另一个选择。段落先是引出话题，接着由最后一句引出下文，故第一段的目的是引出主题。故选A。【29题详解】判断推理题。第二段最后一句“Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate，hasfoundthateatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallby2050.”可知一项针对全球粮食系统和它如何影响气候,发现主要吃植物性食物是三个关键步骤之一,在2050年一个可持续发展的未来。由此可推理从文章中我们可以知道弹性素食者饮食能有益于环境，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Wereallyfoundthatabinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant—baseddiets.”从DrMarcoSpringmann的话中可知他赞成环境保护需要综合措施。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要为说明弹性素食者饮食的优点，它有益于环境，可以减少温室气体的排放，因此最好的标题是“选择弹性素食者饮食”，故选B。DDevelopedbyresearchersanddesignersspecializingintypography(印刷术)andbehavioralscience，SansForgeticaisanewfont(字体)designedtohelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyreadbyforcingthemtospendabitmoretimeoneachword，ThedesignofSansForgeticaisbasedonafontcalledAlbion，butwithsubstantialmodifications(修改)toreducefamiliarityandattainitsgoalofengagingthebrainmoreandhelpingthereaderretain(保留)moreinformation.ItwasdevelopedbyscientistsatRMITUniversityinMelbourne，Australia，whobelieveitcouldhelpstudentsstudyingforexams.“Webelievethisisthefirsttimethatspecificprinciplesofdesigntheoryhavebeenbinedwithspecificprinciplesofpsychologytheoryinordertocreateafont，”BehavioraleconomistJoPerymantoldDW.Iffontsaretoofamiliar，readersoftenglanceoverthemwithouttheirbraincreatingmaymemoriesofwhatwasread.Atthesametime，ifafontistoooutlandish，thebrainhastostruggletoomuchtodecipher(破译)itwhileneglectingtheretentionofinformation.Accordingtoitsdevelopers，“SansForgeticaliesatasweetspotwherejustenoughobstaclehasbeenaddedtocreatethatmemoryretention.”Itsmodificationsforcereaderstospendmoretime，butnottoomuchtime，readingeachword，allowingthebraintoengageindeepercognitiveprocessing.SodoesSansForgeticaactuallywork?Doesithelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyread?Sofar，studieshaveshownthatitcanmakeadifference，althoughnotasignificantone.Oneexperimenthad96participantsrecallwordpairspresentedinthreedifferentfonts.Theyremembered69percentofthewordpairswritteninSansForgetica，paredto61percentfortheotherfonts.Inadifferentexperiment，303studentstookamock(模拟)multiplechoiceexam，andwheneverthetextwaspresentedinSansForgetica，theyremembered57percentofthetext，paredtoonly50percentofthesurroundingtextwritteninArialfont.SoSansForgeticawon’tgiveyouthememoryofanelephant，butifyou’rethekindofpersonwhobelieveseverylittlebithelps，itmightbeworthatry.32.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewfont?A.Itisnotbeneficialtothestudy.B.ItismoreadvancedthanAlbionfont.C.It’sbasedonprinciplesofpsychologytheory.D.Ithelpsreadersbetterremembertheinformation.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlandish”inparagraph4mean?A.Strange. B.Contradictory. C.Splendid. D.Ugly.34.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A.WhySansForgeticaispopular. B.Thedisadvantagesofthenewfont.C.HowSansForgeticaworks. D.Theuniquecharacterofthenewfont.35.Whyaretwoexperimentsmentionedinparagraph6?A.Toadvertisethenewfont.B.ToproveSansForgeticaiseffective.C.ToshowArialfontissuccessful.D.ToexplainhowSansForgeticaservesreaders.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种新字体SansForgetica字体，通过强迫读者在每个单词上花更多的时间来帮助他们更好地记住所读的信息。并通过两组实验对比证明了其有效性。【32题详解】细节理解题。第一段最后一句“SansForgeticaisanewfont(字体)designedtohelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyreadbyforcingthemtospendabitmoretimeoneachword”可知SansForgetica这种新字体通过强迫读者在每个单词上花更多的时间来帮助他们更好地记住所读的信息，即它可以帮助读者更好地记忆信息，故选D。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文“thebrainhastostruggletoomuchtodecipher(破译)itwhileneglectingtheretentionofinformation”句意：当大脑忽略了信息的保留时，它不得不努力去理解它。可推理上文划线部分的词语意思应为“陌生的”，A.Strange陌生的；B.Contradictory矛盾的；C.Splendid灿烂的；D.Ugly丑陋的。故选A。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段倒数第一、二句“SansForgeticaliesatasweetspotwherejustenoughobstaclehasbeenaddedtocreatethatmemoryretention.”Itsmodificationsforcereaderstospendmoretime，butnottoomuchtime，readingeachword，allowingthebraintoengageindeepercognitiveprocessing.可知为说明SansForgetica字体的工作原理，是设置恰到好处的障碍，迫使读者花更多的时间阅读每个单词，以让大脑进行更深层次的认知过程。故第四段的大意是说明SansForgetica字体如何工作的，故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“Theyremembered69percentofthewordpairswritteninSansForgetica，paredto61percentfortheotherfonts.”可知第一组实验中参与者记住了69%用SansForgetica字体写的词组，而其他字体这一比例为61%；和最后一句“theyremembered57percentofthetext，paredtoonly50percentofthesurroundingtextwritteninArialfont”可知第二组实验中用SansForgetica字体的一组记住了57%，而Arial字体的一组只有50%。由此可以推理第六段提到两组实验的目的是证明SansForgetica字体的有效性。故选B。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.___36___Mostpeople，atonetimeoranother，havebeenonthereceivingendofarandomactofkindness.Inasometimescoldworldwherepeoplecanbesofocusedonwhatthey’redoing，arandomactofkindnesscanmakeallthedifference.Theycanberelativelyinsignificant.HannahBaileyfromLondon，forexample，toldtheMetronewspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingforfree.Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.___37___ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled‘caffèsospeso’.Whenbuyingcoffee，apersonwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone，leavingthesecondoneanonymously(匿名)，outofthegoodnessoftheirheart，forapoorpersontoclaimforfree.___38___However，insomecases，，forexample，theunnamedmuter，whoinJune2018felloffastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackinToronto，Canada.Aquickthinking，hutevennowunknown，bystanderselflesslyleaptdowntopullhimtosafety.So，whydoit?___39___Thepeoplenevermeetagain.AccordingtoUKcharityTheMentalHealthFoundation，actslikethesecan“giveourlivesnewpurpose，showusotherperspectivesonourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeelcontent.”___40___Holdopenadoorforsomeone，deliverapliment—evengiveupyourseatonabus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.Ittakesallkinds.Itneedn’tbeanythinghuge.Oneday，whetheryouneeditornot，someonemighthelpyouinyourhourofneed.A.Sogiveitatry.B.Bebravetofacechallenges.，theactsaren’tpaidback.D.Shewashappyaboutitallday.E.Shewasinlowspiritsthewholeday.F.Thistraditionisnowmoremonworldwide.’softenunexpected，butalmostneverunappreciated.【答案】36.G37.D38.F39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了善举通常是意料之外的，但几乎从未被忽视过。并列举了一些世界各地人们受到他人善举的事件和传统。【36题详解】根据上文“Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.”（它可以发生在任何时间任何地点）可推理这是不可预测的，故可对应到G选项中的“unexpected”，即它通常不可预测，故选G。【37题详解】根据上文“Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.”句意：当发现她没有零钱可付时，卖家帮了她一个忙。由上文中的代词she可对应到D选项：她为这件事开心了一整天。上下文连贯通顺，故选D。【38题详解】根据本段第一句“ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled‘caffèsospeso’.”可知本段讲述的是那不勒斯市有一个悠久的传统叫“索斯披索咖啡”。后文为描述这一传统给出的例子，本空位于段尾，起总结作用，根据段首第一句中“tradition”可对应到F选项：这一传统现在在世界范围内更为普遍。故选F。【39题详解】根据下文“Thepeoplenevermeetagain.”这些人再也不会遇见，可知这种行为是得不到回报的，故可对应到C选项：通常，这种行为是不会被回报的。故选C。【40题详解】根据后文“Holdopenadoorforsomeone，deliverapliment—evengiveupyourseatonabus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.”祈使句列出一些具体的善举行为可知，本空应是提出建议“试一试吧”，故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasmanyyearsago.Iwasacollege___41___withadegreebutnojob.MysubstituteteachingworkhaddriedupandIwasgetting___42___.Ihadafamilytofeedandlittlemoneyleft.___43___，myoldestbrotherhadbeenabletogetmea___44___atthelocallumbermillwhereheworked.WhileIwas___45___，myfirstdaytherewasquiteablowtomyego(自尊).Thejob___46___barelyaboveminimumwage.Theworkwashardandbackbreaking.Itwasfullof___47___，lifting，andcarryingheavywoodforeighthoursaday.Splinters(木屑)weresoonmybestpalsandeverydayIwenthome___48___andexhausted.Whenwinterarrivedmyglovestoreandmyfingerssplitand___49___inthecoldair.Ifoundmyselfusingmorebandaids(创可贴)andducttapethanIever___50___Iwouldjusttokeepmyhandsworking.Theturnoverrateatthemillbecameso___51___thatattheen