图表描述英文表达课件

Describing

and

AnalysingGRAPHS

AND

CHARTS图表描述英文表达1Graphs

&

chartsPie

chartBar

chart

(histogram)TableLine

chart

(graph)2图表描述英文表达BEC

Higher

Writing

Test:Part

OneBEC

Higher

(the

3rd

version)P44:Exam

formatApproach3图表描述英文表达DESCRIBING

GRAPHS

ANDCHARTS：Pie

ChartsPie

charts

are

relatively

straightforward

asthey

only

usually

have

a

few

sections

thoughthis

is

not

always

the

case.

You

need

todescribe

the

segments

and

their

values.If

there

are

very

many

then

just

describe

theones

that

are

the

most

significant.

The

valuesare

often

expressed

in

percentages

butnotalways

so

be

careful

what

scale

you

are

using.4图表描述英文表达This

pie

chart

shows

the

percentages

of

different

types

of

energy

consumed

intheUS

in

2007.Most

of

the

energy,

39.24%,

came

from

petroleum.

The

next

largest

sourceofenergy

is

…...It

is

interesting

to

note

that

renewable

energy,

which

is

healthier

fortheenvironment

and

sustainable,

accounts

for

the

smallest

percent

of

the

consumption.5图表描述英文表达Bar

ChartsHopefully

you

will

have

described

the

title

of

the

bar

chart

inyour

introduction

so

you

can

go

straight

into

the

description.Basically,

with

a

bar

chart,

you

need

to

describe

the

bars

andtheir

values.

When

describing

a

bar

chart

you

first

have

todecide

in

what

order

to

describe

the

bars,

highest

value

tolowest

value

or

lowest

value

to

highest

value.

It

may

be

amixture

of

this.If

there

are

very

many

bars,

you

can

sometimes

grouptogether

for

description

1

or

2

or

3

bars

which

have

similar

orthe

same

values.If

there

are

very

many

and

you

can't

group

them,

then

justdescribe

the

ones

that

are

the

most

significant.6图表描述英文表达TablesThese

can

sometimes

be

tricky

astheyprovide

a

lot

of

information

and

it

is

oftenawkward

and

difficult

to

describe

every

pieceof

information.

You

have

to

decide

anddescribe

the

values

and

sections

that

arethemost

significant.7图表描述英文表达Line

graphThe

function

of

a

line

graph

is

to

describe

aTREND.

You

therefore

should

try

and

describethe

trend

in

it.If

there

are

many

lines

in

the

graph(s),thenjust

generally

describe

the

trend.

If

thereisonly

one

or

two,

then

use

more

detail.

So,describe

the

movement

of

the

line(s)

of

thegraph

giving

numerical

detail

at

the

importantpoints

of

the

line.8图表描述英文表达To

describe

the

movement,

there

is

some

languagewhich

will

always

be

useful.

There

is

a

list

ofwords/phrases

you

can

use.As

you

will

see,

there

are

a

number

of

words

whichare

similar

in

meaning.

This

means

that

you

will

beable

to

use

a

variety

of

vocabulary

which

gives

agood

impression

to

the

examiner

who

will

read

andmark

your

writing.

The

words

below

are

particularlyuseful

for

line

graphs

but

they

can

also

be

usedwhere

appropriate

to

describe

the

other

typesofgraph.9图表描述英文表达Vocabulary：Expressingthe

Movement

of

a

LineIncrease;

rise;

climb;

boom；go

up;

grow;

double;triple;

gain;

jump;

soar;

surge;

rocket;

leap;

accelerate;shoot

up;

peak;

summit,

recover,

improve,

reach;

leveloffDecrease;

descend;

fall;

go

down,

slide;

slip;

decline;reduce;

drop;

dip；shrink;

dwindle;

be

halved;

tumble;plummet;

plunge;

collapse;

slump;

diminish;

bottomoutFluctuate,

vary,

upward/downward

trendRemain

stable

(at)；Remain

steady

(at)；Stay

(at)；Stay

constant

(at)；Maint图a表in描述t英h文e表达same

level10Adjectives

&

Adverbs11图表描述英文表达Dramatic，dramatically；Sharp，sharply；Huge，hugely；Enormous，enormously；Steep，steeply；Substantial，substantially；Considerable，considerably；Significant，significantly；Marked，markedly；Moderate，moderately；Slight，slightly；Minimal，minimally；Rapid，rapidly；Quick，quickly；Swift，swiftly；Sudden，suddenly；Steady，steadily；Gradual，gradually；Slow，slowly；Small；heavily,

stable,

general,

smoothly……Some

useful

sentences12图表描述英文表达1.The

table

shows

the

changes

in

the

numberof...over

the

period

from...to...该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化.2.The

bar

chart

illustrates

that...该柱状图展示了...3.

The

graph

provides

some

interesting

dataregarding...该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据.4.The

diagram

shows

(that)...该图向我们展示了...5.The

pie

graph

depicts

(that)...该圆形图揭示了...6.

This

is

a

cure

graph

which

describes

the

trend

of...这个曲线图描述了...的趋势.7.The

figures/statistics

show

(that)...数据(字)表明...8.The

tree

diagram

reveals

how...该树型图向我们揭示了如何...9.

The

data/statistics/figures

lead

us

to

the

conclusion

that...这些数据资料令我们得出结论...10.As

is

shown/demonstrated/exhibited

in

thediagram/graph/chart/table...如图所示...11.According

to

the

chart/figures...根据这些表(数字)...12.As

is

shown

in

the

table...如表格所示...13.As

can

be

seen

from

the

diagram，great

changes

havetaken

place

in...从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化.13图表描述英文表达14.From

the

table/chart/diagram/figure，we

can

see

clearly

that...or

it

isclear/apparent

from

the

chart

that...从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到...15.

This

table

shows

the

changing

proportion

of

a

&

b

from...to...该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系.16.The

graph,shows

the

general

trend

in...该图描述了...总的趋势.17.

As

can

be

seen

from

the

graph，the

two

curves

show

the

fluctuation

of...如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况.18.Over

the

period

from...to...the...remained

level.在...至...期间...基本不变.19.In

the

year

between...and...在...年到...期间...20.In

the

3

years

spanning

from

1995

through

1998...1995年至1998三年里...21.From

then

on/from

this

time

onwards...从那时起...22.The

number

of...remained

steady/stable

from

(month/year)to(month/year)....月(年)至...月(年)...的数量基本不变.14图表描述英文表达23.The

number

sharply

went

up

to...数字急剧上升至...24.Thepercentageof...stayedthesame

between...and.....至...期间...的比率维持不变.25.The

figures

peaked

at...in

(month/year)..数目在..月(年)达到顶点，为...26.The

percentage

remained

steady

at...比率维持在...27.

The

percentage

of...is

slightly

larger/smaller

than

that

of......的比例比...的比例略高(低).28.There

is

not

a

great

deal

of

difference

between...and....与...的区别不大.29.

The

graphs

show

a

threefold

increase

in

the

number

of...该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍.30....decreased

year

by

year

while...increased

steadily....逐年减少，而...逐步上升.图表描述英文表达

1531.The

situation

reached

a

peak(a

high

point

at)of[%]....的情况(局势)到达顶(高)点，为...百分点.32.The

figures/situation

bottomed

out

in...数字(情况)在...达到底部.33.

The

figures

reached

the

bottom/a

low

point/hit

a

trough.低谷期数字(情况)达到底部(低谷).34.A

is

...times

as

much/many

as

b.a是b的...倍.35.A

increased

by...a增长了...36.A

increased

to...a增长到...37.high/low/great/small/percentage.比低高(低)38.There

is

an

upward

trend

in

the

number

of......数字呈上升趋势.图表描述英文表达

1639.A

considerable

increase/decrease

occurred

from...to......到...发生急剧上升.40.from...to...the

rate

of

decrease

slows

down.从...到...，下降速率减慢.41.from

this

year

on，there

was

a

gradual

decline

reductionin

the...，reaching

a

figure

of...从这年起，...逐渐下降至...42.be

similar

to...与...相似43.be

the

same

as...与...相同44.

There

are

a

lot

of

similarities/differences

between...and.....与...之间有许多相似(不同)之处45.A

has

something

in

common

with

b

a与b有共同之处.46.The

difference

between

A

and

B

lies

in...a与b之间的差别在于...47....(year)witnessed/saw

a

图s表h描ar述p英文ri表se达in......年...急剧上升17Let's

define

the

various

partsof

a

linegraph.Title:

The

title

of

the

line

graph

tells

us

what

thegraph

is

about.Labels:

The

horizontal

label

across

the

bottomandthe

vertical

label

along

the

side

tells

us

what

kinds

offacts

are

listed.Scales:

The

horizontal

scale

across

the

bottomandthe

vertical

scale

along

the

side

tell

us

how

much

orhow

many.Points:

The

points

or

dots

on

the

graph

show

us

thefacts.Lines:

The

lines

connecting

the

points

give

estimatesof

the

values

between

the

points.图表描述英文表达

18KEY

SKILL

1:

Asking

and

answeringquestions

about

graphsNow

that

we

are

familiar

with

the

parts

of

a

linegraph,

we

can

answer

some

questions

about

eachgraph.1.What

is

the

title

of

this

line

graph?2.What

is

the

range

of

values

on

the

horizontalscale?3.What

is

the

range

of

values

on

the

vertical

scale?4.How

many

points

are

in

the

graph?5.What

was

the

lowest

and

what

was

the

highestpoint?6.Atwhatpoint

didthe图d表a描t述a英文ri表s达eorfall?19QUESTION

What

is

the

line

graphabout?What

is

the

busiest

time

ofday

at

the

store?

3.At

whattime

does

business

starttoslow

down?How

many

people

are

inthe

store

when

it

opens?About

how

many

peopleare

in

the

store

at

2:30

pm?What

was

the

greatestnumber

of

people

in

thestore?7.What

was

the

least

numberof

people

in

the

store?图表描述英文表达20QUESTION

What

is

the

linegraph

about?At

what

age

doteens

have

thegreatest

number

cellphones?At

what

age

doteens

have

theleastnumber

ofcellphones?What

was

thegreatest

number

ofcell

phones

at

anyage?5.What

was

the

leastnumber

of

cell

phones图表描述英文a表t达any

age?21KEY

SKILL

2:

make

notes22图表描述英文表达Study

the

graph(s)

and

decide

what

generaltrends

they

show

and

what

you

canconclude

from

these.Make

short

notes

on

what

you

are

going

tosay.Make

brief

notes:P4423图表描述英文表达Steady

rise

in

the

number

of

cars

andpopulation

over

the

period

1980

to2020The

population

more

or

less

doublestonearly

8

billionThe

probable

consequences

are

a

lot

morecongestion

and

pollution从1830年到1950年，芝加哥的人口显著增加。在1950年达到高峰，人口约360万人。1950年至1990年的人口稳步下降。1990年至2000年有轻微上图升表描至述英约文表2达90万人。24From

1830

to

1950

the

population

ofChicago

increased

significantly.The

population

peaked

in

1950atapproximately

3.6

million

people.Between

1950

and

1990

the

populationdecreased

steadily.Between

1990

and

2000

there

was

a

slightincrease

back

to

approximately

2.9

millionpeople.25图表描述英文表达This

graph

shows

that

after

1997

the

average

level

of

Lake

Michigandecreased

significantly.The

level

started

off

in

1988

at

176.6

meters

and

remained

roughly

constantuntil

it

peaked

to

177

meters

in

1997.After

that

it

decreased

sharply

until

2001,

when

it

was approximately

176meters.

For

the

next

five

years

it

slightly

increased

on

average..26图表描述英文表达27图表描述英文表达General

upward

trend

from

JunetoDecember

in

1998Peaked

in

January,

1999fall

back

to

the

December

level

gain

inFebruaryFluctuate

from

March

toMayPeaked

again

at

the

end

of

May,

but

thenit

collapsed

quickly.28图表描述英文表达Share

prices

ofIBM

and

America

Onlineover

atwelve-month

period.

(June

1998-1999)$20017515012510075502529图表描述英文表达JUN

Jul

Aug

SepDec

JanJunMarA

general

upward

trend

from

June

until

the

end

of1998Drop

a

little

in

the

last

month

of

1998AOL

shares

continued

to

rise

steadily

and

reach

apeak

in

AprilIBM

shares

fell

slightly

until

MarchBy

March

both

shares

were

worth

about$100After

the

peak,

AOL

shares

collapsed

to

justover$100

per

shareIBM

shares

made

a

steady

recovery

from

April

toJun,

finishing

at

just

over

$100,

almost

equal

toAOL图表描述英文表达

30The

share

prices

of

both

IBM

and

AOL

showed

a

generalupward

trend

from

June

until

the

end

of

1998.

However,while

AOL

shares

then

continued

to

rise

steadily

overthenext

three

months,

the

price

of

IBM

shares

fell

slightly.

ByMarch

1999

both

shares

were

worth

about

$100.AOL

shares

then

shot

up,

almost

doubling

in

value

withinfour

weeks.

They

reached

a

high

of

$180

in

mid-April

beforecollapsing

to

just

over

$100

per

share

at

the

beginning

ofMay.

There

was

a

slight

recovery

during

that

monthhowever,

despite

this,

by

June

1999

the

price

of

AOL

shareswas

once

again

about

$100.

In

contrast,

despite

minor

fluctuations,

IBM

shares

made

asteady

recovery

over

the

three

month

period,

finishingatjust

over

$100,almost

equa图l表t描o述A英O文L表.达31Note:

The

two

things

we

talk

about

arethe

differences

between

the

years,

andthe

differences

among

the

categories.Propane丙烷Kerosene煤油图表描述英文表达32In

1950

coal,

natural

gas,

and

fuel

oil

accounted

forthe

highest

percentage

of

home

heating

sources.By1997,

use

of

natural

gas

had

soared

to

become

asource

for

over

50%

of

home

heating.

At

the

sametime,

use

of

coal

and

fuel

oil

decreased

significantly.Electricity

grew

significantly

between

the

two

yearsaswell.It

is

interesting

to

note

that

natural

gas,

electricity,and

propane

are

the

only

sources

that

saw

anincrease

between

1950

and

1997.This

graph

shows

that

in

both

years

peoplewereheavily

dependent

on

non-renewable

sources

ofenergy

for

their

home

hea图t表in描述g英n文e表e达ds.33图表描述英文表达34Sales

of

adventure

games

increased

steadily

from30%-45%Strong

growth

in

action

games

for

the

first

threeyearsBut

dropped

sharply

in

1998

(action

games)Sales

of

sports

games

fell

from

25%

to

15%

in1996

then

rise

to

20%

in

1998Sales

of

other

games

remained

steady

at

10%

inthe

first

two

years,

fell

slightly

in

1997

andthenrecovered

in

1998图表描述英文表达35The

most

successful

product

was

adventure

games.Sales

increased

steadily

from

30%-45%

in

the

periodfrom

1995

to

1998.

There

was

strong

growth

inaction

games

for

the

first

three

years

of

thesameperiod.

They

peaked

at

25%

in

1997

but

droppedsharply

in

1998.Sales

of

sports

games

fell

from

25%

to

15%

in

1996then

leveled

off

in

1997

and

rose

to

20%

in

1998.Sales

of

other

games

remained

steady

at

10%

in1995

and

1996,

fell

slightly

in

1997

andthenrecovered

in

199836图表描述英文表达BEC

Higher

(3rd

version)P4537图表描述英文表达The

graph

compares

the

amount

of

palm

oil

held

inworld

stocks

over

the

years

1985

to

2006

with

thedemand.Over

the

period

in

question

demand

for

palm

oilrosesteadily

from

7,000

tonnes

in

1985

to

33,000

tonnesin

2006.

During

the

same

period

stocks

of

palm

oilalso

rose,

but

fluctuated

greatly.

At

all

times,

endingstocks

exceeded

demand,

but

not

by

thesamemargin. From

1985

to

1997

eding

stockswerebetween

1,300

and

1,700

tonnes,

even

thoughdemand

doubled

during

the

same

period.After

1997

the

margin

increasedsignificantly,

reaching

a

peak

in

2000ofalmost

3,000

tonnes

compared

tothedemand

of

20,000.

for

the

next

five

yearsending

stocks

fell

back

relative

to

demand.In

the

last

three

years

the

industry

seemsto

have

reached

a

consistent

level

of

endingstocks

compared

to

the

demand.38图表描述英文表达Other

Hints39图表描述英文表达DON'T

copy

any

part

of

the

question

in

your

answer.

This

isnot

your

own

work

and

therefore

will

be

disregarded

b