考研《英语一》黄南藏族自治州泽库县2023年巅峰冲刺试卷含解析

考研《英语一》黄南藏族自治州泽库县2023年巅峰冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分；满分20分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21～40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。Onceuponatime,therewasaherdofforestdeer.Inthisherdwasawiseandrespected21,trickyinthewaysofdeer.Hetaughtthetricksandstrategiesof22totheyoungfawns.Oneday,hisyoungersisterbroughthersontohim,tobetaught23issoimportantfordeer.Shesaid,"Ohbrotherteacher,thisismyson.Please24himthetricksandstrategiesofdeer."Theteachersaidtothefawn,"25,youcancomeatthistimetomorrowforyourfirstlesson."26,theyoungdeercametothelessonsashewas27to.Butsoon,hebecamemoreinterestedinplayingwiththeotheryoungbucks28does（雌鹿）.Hedidn't29howdangerousit30beforadeerwholearnednothingbutdeergames.Sohestartedcuttingclasses.Soonhewasplayinghookyallthetime.31,onedaythefawnwhoplayedhooky32inasnareandwastrapped.Sincehewasmissing,hismother33.Shewenttoherbrothertheteacher,andaskedhim,"Mybrother,howismyson?Haveyoutaughtyour34Theteacherreplied,"Mysister,yoursonwas35andunteachable.Outofrespectforyou,Itriedmybesttoteachhim.Buthedidnotwanttolearnthetricksandstrategiesofdeer.Heplayedhooky!HowcouldI36teachhim?Youareobedientandfaithful,butheisnot.Itisuselesstotrytoteachhim."Latertheyheardthe37news.Thenaughtyfawnwhoplayedhookyhadbeen38andkilledbya39.Heskinnedhimandtookthemeathometohisfamily.Themoralis:40canbelearnedfromateacherbyonewhomissestheclass.1、A．leader B．student C．pupil D．teacher2、 A．survival B．approval C．arrival D．travel3、 A．that B．what C．how D．it4、 A．learn B．study C．teach D．bring5、 A．Howsimple B．Verywell C．Quiteeasy D．Whatapity6、 A．Atfirst B．Forthefirst C．Thefirsttime D．Firstly7、 A．preserved B．thought C．supposed D．suspected8、. A．nor B．or C．but D．and9、 A．realize B．orgnize C．admit D．clarify10、 A．should B．could C．would D．must11、 A．Generally B．Luckily C．However D．Unfortunately12、 A．banned B．caught C．stepped D．broke13、 A．fainted B．delighted C．shocked D．worried14、 A．uncle B．aunt C．nephew D．niece15、 A．dishonest B．disobedient C．inconvenient D．unbelievable16、A．possibly B．likely C．necessarily D．logically17、 A．rare B．good C．sad D．popular18、 A．bought B．kidnapped C．transported D．trapped19、 A．hunter B．researcher C．advocator D．settler20、 A．Anything B．Nothing C．Something D．EverythingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1OnthebanksofTanzania’sLakeEyasilivestheworld’slasthunter-gatherertribe(部落)—theHadza.Theydon’tgrowfood,raiseanimalsorbuildhouses.Insteadtheylivealifeunchangedformorethantenthousandyears.Theirworldisoneofcompletefreedom—somethingmodernsocietycanbarelyimagineandisunlikelytoeverexperience,letalonehavetheskillstostayalive.Textmessagesandphonecallsdon’texist.Nordocarsandelectricity.Nojobs,timetables,andsocialstructures.Nolaws,taxesandunbelievably,nomoney—theclosestthingtocurrency(交易)isthetradeforapairofshortswithaneighboringtribe.WespentourtimewiththeHadzahuntingbaboons(狒狒),adailyactivityforthemen.Theirlandispackedwithsharpbushes,poisonoussnakesandman-eatinglions.Butasuccessfulhuntingtripisthedifferencebetweeneatingorgoinghungry.TheHadzadietconsistsmainlyofhoney,fruitandmeat.Menoftenhuntinpairstoshootanimalswithbowsandarrows.TheHadzashowushowtotrackanimals,frombaboonstosnakestolions.Theyarehugelyskilledwiththeirhandmadebowsandarrows—wehaveagoandbarelygetthearrowtogothreefeetinfrontofus.ThelanguageoftheHadzaisbelievedtobetheoldeststill-spokenlanguageknowntoman.TheHadzadon’thaveconflict,andhavenomemoryofstarvation.Theirpopulationneverreachesnumbersthatcannotbesupportedthroughhuntingorgathering.Theynevergetfromtheirlandmorethantheyneed.Unlikemodern-dayofficeworkers,theHadzaenjoyanextraordinaryamountoffreetime.Their“work”—huntingforfood—takesuparoundfivehoursoftheirday.They’vebeeninsuchastateofpeacefulexistenceforthousandsofyears.1、WecanlearnfromthetextthattheHadza_______.A．leadaverysimplelifeB．liveontraditionalagricultureC．havetheirownsystemofcurrencyD．showalotofinterestinnewtechnology2、WhichofthefollowingcandescribetheHadza’senvironment?A．Stressful.B．Comfortable.C．Exciting.D．Dangerous.3、TherelationshipbetweentheHadzaandnature_______.A．isgoingwrongB．isfullofconflictC．isinperfectharmonyD．ischangingallthetime4、WhydoestheauthorcometovisittheHadza?A．Tostudytheirnativelanguage.B．Togettoknowtheirwayoflife.C．Tolearnsurvivalskillsfromthem.D．Topersuadethemtoprotectanimals.Text2Whensomethinggoeswrong,itcanbeverysatisfyingtosay,“Well,it’sso-and-so’sfault.”or“IknowPmlate,butit’snotmyfault;thecarbrokedown.”Itisprobablynotyourfault,butonceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.Youhavenopowerandcoulddonothingthathelpschangethesituation.However,youcanhavegreatpoweroverwhathappenstoyouifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.Thisisthewinner’skeytosuccess.Winnersaregreatatovercomingproblems.Forexample,ifyouwerelatebecauseyourcarbrokedown,maybeyouneedtohaveyourcarexaminedmoreregularly.Or,youmightstarttocarryalongwithyoutheusefulphonenumbers,soyoucouldcallforhelpwheninneed.Foranotherexample,ifyourcolleaguecausesyouproblemsonthejobforlackofresponsibilityorability,findwaysofdealingwithhisirresponsibilityorinabilityratherthansimplyblametheperson.Asktoworkwithadifferentperson,ordon’trelyonthisperson.Youshouldacceptthatthepersonisnotreliableandfindcreativewaystoworksuccessfullyregardlessofhowyourcolleaguefailstodohisjobwell.Thisiswhatbeingawinnerisallabout—-creativelyusingyourskillsandtalentssothatyouaresuccessfulnomatterwhathappens.Winnersdon’thavefewerproblemsintheirlives;theyhavejustasmanydifficultsituationstofaceasanybodyelse.Theyarejustbetteratseeingthoseproblemsaschallengesandopportunitiestodeveloptheirowntalents.So,stopfocusingon“whosefaultitis.”Onceyouareconfidentaboutyourpoweroverbadsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstonesforsuccess.1、Accordingtothepassage，winners________.A．dealwithproblemsratherthanblameothersB．meetwithfewerdifficultiesintheirlivesC．haveresponsibleandablecolleaguesD．blamethemselvesratherthanothers2、Theunderlinedword“remedy”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A．avoid B．acceptC．improve D．consider3、Whenyourcolleaguebringsaboutaproblem,youshould________.A．findabetterwaytohandletheproblemB．blamehimforhislackofresponsibilityC．tellhimtofindthecauseoftheproblemD．askamoreablecolleagueforhelp4、Whenproblemsoccur,winnerstakethemas________.A．excusesfortheirfailuresB．barrierstogreaterpowerC．challengestotheircolleaguesD．chancesforself-development5、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AWinner’sProblem.B．AWinner’sSecret.C．AWinner’sOpportunity.D．AWinner’sAchievement.Text3TheEastRoomoftheWhiteHousewasburstingwithcoloronJuly14,as56youngcooksarrivedfortheKids’StaleDinner.Thechefs,agedfrom8to12,werewinnersoftheHealthyLunchtimeChallenge,aprogramthatencourageskidstocreatehealthy,affordable,original,andtastylunchrecipes.FormerFirstLadyMichelleObamahostedtheevent,nowinitsfifthyearandpartofherLet’sMove!Morethan1,200kidsthroughoutAmericaenteredthechallenge,wereencouragedtobecreativeanduseingredients(原料)grownintheirhomestates,orcommunities.Recipeshadtorepresenteachofthefoodgroupsbyincludingfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanprotein,andlow-fatdairy.The56winnersweretreatedtoamealfeaturingsomeoftheirowncreations.“Thiseventisn’tjustabouteatingwelltoday,butaboutsettingkidslikeallofyouupforalifetimeofhealthychoices.”theformerfirstladytoldtheyoungcooks.“Assmallyouare,youcanchangelives.Iseetheworkofkids,themagicyoualldo.Peoplechangebecauseofkids.”AmelieChen’swinningrecipewasBreadfruit,Taro,andGarlicChickenTrio.The9-year-oldfromAmericanSamoasaidshewas“veryexcited”tobeattendingtheevent.“WinningthistriptotheWhiteHousemakesmethinkofmyfavoritequotefromWaltDisney:‘Ifyoucandreamit,youcandoit,’”shesaid.FamouscooksRachaelsRayandTanyaSteel,editorialdirectorofCleanPlatesOmnimedia,amediacompanyfocusingonhealthandwellnessfoodculture,werealsoinattendance.MichellerecognizedthemasdrivingforcesinmakingtheKids’StateDinnerarealityseveralyearsago.RayandSteelposedforpictureswiththeyoungcooks.Followingthemeal,thecrowdwastreatedtoperformancesbythecastofWaltDisneyWorldResort’sTheJungleBook.The56winnersendedtheirvisitwithatouroftheWhiteHouseKitchenGarden.1、InMichelleObama’sLet’sMove,kids.A．cancookcreativelyB．mustworkingroupsC．shouldliveanactivelifeD．mustcookwithgivenmaterials2、WhatdoesMichelleObamaexpectkidstodoaftertheevent?A．Leadahealthylife.B．Createmorerecipes.C．Growcropsthemselves.D．Eatwhattheyhavecooked.3、WhydidRayandSteelattendtheevent?A．Theycametoawardtheyoungcooks.B．Theycaredaboutkids’development.C．Theywereinvitedtoreporttheevent.D．Theywantedtolearnthefoodculture.Text4Theadvancementofhumancivilizationispossiblejustbecauseofenormouscontributionmadebyscientists.Theyareoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleoftoday’sworld.Withpracticaladvantagesinengineering,medicine,andtechnology,theyhavehelpedustogrowbetterunderstandingabouttheworldanddifferentworkingphenomenonthatgovernsus.Theirnamesarerememberedinthesandsoftimefortheirworkinthewelfareofmankindwithdifferentinventionsthathasmadeourmodernliveseasy.Hereisalistofthefourgreatscientistswe’veeverseenwhochangedtheworld.LouisPasteur(1822-1895)Pasteurcontributedgreatlytowardstheadvancementofmedicalsciencesdevelopingcuresforrabies,anthraxandotherinfectiousdiseases.Healsoinventedtheprocessofpasteurization（加热杀菌法）tomakemilksafertodrink.Heprobablysavedmorelivesthananyotherperson.OttoHahn(1879-1968)HahnwasaGermanchemistwhodiscoverednuclearfission（裂变）in1939.Hewasapioneeringscientistinthefieldofradio-chemistry,anddiscoveredradioactiveelementsin1921.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1944.NikolaTesla(1856-1943)Teslaworkedonelectro-magnetismandACcurrent.Heobtainedaround300patentsworldwideforhisinventionsfromelectricitytoradiotransmission,butmanyinventionsdevelopedbyTeslawerenotputintopatentprotection.Heplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofmodernelectricity.JamesClerkMaxwell(1831-1879)Maxwellmadegreatprogressinunderstandingelectro-magnetism.Hisresearchinelectricityandkineticslaidthefoundationforquantum（量子）physics.EinsteinsaidofMaxwell,“TheworkofJamesClerkMaxwellchangedtheworldforever.”1、WhatcontributiondidLouisPasteurmaketosociety?A．Thedevelopmentofmedicine.B．Radio-chemistry.C．Modernelectricity.D．Quantumphysics.2、WhowasthoughthighlyofbyEinstein?A．LouisPasteur.B．OttoHahn.C．NikolaTesla.D．JamesClerkMaxwell.3、Whatcanweinferaboutthefourpeople?A．Theyaremedicalpioneers.B．TheyareNobelPrizewinners.C．Theyaregreatcontributorstosociety.D．Theyarefoundersofmodernphysics.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whatexactlyaresocialmedia?Socialmediaaredefinedasweb-based,mobilemediathatcan1．(use)toconnectwitheachotherThereareseveraltypesofsocialmediaThefirsttypeinvolvespeoplegettingtogethertoworkonaprojectWikipedia（维基百科）is2．exampleofthistypeofsocialmediaThereareothertypesthatallowpeople3．(share)contentsuchaspicturesandarticlesAnothertypeofsocialmediaiswebsiteslikeSecondLife,4．peoplecancreateobjects,asifthey5．(be)intherealworldThefinaltypeissocialnetworkingsitesthatcanmakepeoplestayintouchwith6．(friend)Socialmediaaredifferentfrom7．(tradition)mediaInthepast,mediawerecreatedinoneplace,8．(normal)acompanyThenthecompanywouldsendoutthemedia,likenewspapersandmagazines,toconsumersBut9．socialmedia,manyindividualsindifferentlocationscancreatecontentInaddition,afewminutesarespent10．(write)atwitterposttoday,whileitwouldtakemanymonthstoeditamagazineinthepastPinyinisasuccessfultool,which1．(teach)inChinatoschoolkidsItisnotmerelyusedbywesternerslikeusIthasprovedtobeausefultoolforChinesepeople2．(they)tolearnstandardpronunciationintheirearlyeducationThefirststepistolearnhow3．(pronounce)eachletterinpinyincorrectlyandthemeaningofthetonemarkersThenyouhavetodo4．(drill)asmanyasyoucanTurnthatintoagameItcanbe5．(much)funthanyouwouldexpectStart6．singlesyllablesanddothatalotandthensyllablepairsSlowlymoveontolargergroupsUnderstandtheinitial,finalandthetonesButmostimportantly,7．youneedisgoodfeedbackYou’dbetterhavesomeonethatcancorrectyourmistakesimmediatelyFindanativeChinese,8．canlistentoyouandcorrectyouIfyoutakeChineseclasses,theteacherwill9．(probable)haveyoudodrillseveryclassDothisveryseriouslyIfyouareself-studying,trytomeetnativeChinesepeopleandaskthemtogiveyousomefeedbackOtherwise,trytobeself-criticalandlistenverycarefullyGood10．(listen)ismorethan50%ofwhatittakestopronouncecorrectlySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Positivethinkersdon'tonlylivehappierlives,andhavebetterhealthbuttheyarealsomorelikelytoreachtheirgoals.1、Evenifanegativethinkermanagedtosucceed,hislifeisstillgoingtobetoughbecausehewon'tbeabletoenjoythesuccessheachieved.Thenhowtobecomeapositivethinker?●Stayaroundpositivepeople.Haveyoueverfeltbadfornoreasonjustbecauseyouwerearoundsomeonewhowasfeelingbad?2、Sooneofthebestwaystostaypositiveistospendmoretimewithpositivepeople.●Reducethestressinyourlife.Stressisn'tonlyharmfultoyourlifebutitcanalsochangeyouropinionoftheworld.3、Ifyoucanspendenoughtimerelaxingandrestoringyourenergyeachday,youwillbecomeamorepositiveperson.●Trainyourmentalmuscles.Themoreyouthinkpositively,themorelikelyyourbrainstructureisgoingtochangeandthemorenaturallypositivethoughtswillcometoyou.4、Themoreyoutrainyourmindtothinknegatively,themorelikelyyouwillbecomeanaturalnegativethinker.●5、Readaboutthestoriesofsuccessfulpeopleandwatchmoviesthatpromotepositivethinking.Wheneveryougetexposedtopositivemediayourmindgetstrainedtothinkpositivelyandasaresultyouwillbecomeapositivethinker.Avoidnegativemediaatallcostsfortheycandotheoppositetoyou.A．Learnfromsuccessfulpeople.B．Getexposedtopositivemedia.C．Theoppositealsohappenswithnegativethinking.D．Startrightnowtotrainyourmindonpositivethinking.E.Peopleinfecteachotherwiththeiremotionsandbeliefs.F.Themorestressedyoubecome,themorelikelyyouaretoworry.G.Negativethinkingruinspeople'slivesandpreventsthemfromsucceeding.HowsimilararelanguageandmusicLanguageispartofourdailylives,nomatterwherewelivemtheworld.1、Bothlanguageandmusicplayahugeroleinourcultureandherearesomeoftheirsimilarities.·Bothlanguageandmusichaveawritingsystem.InEnglishwerecordlanguageusingthealphabet,whichi