文化产业专业英语

文化产业专业英语ContentsUnit1DefiningtheCulturalIndustries第一单元界定文化产业的概念Unit2CurrentSituationofCulturalIndustries文化产业的现状Unit3TradeandCulture贸易与文化Unit4CulturalIndustriesFinancing文化产业金融Unit5CulturalIndustriesMarketing文化产业的营销Unit6PolicyIntervention政策干预Unit7FilmIndustry电影业Unit8TelevisionIndustry电视业Unit9MusicIndustry音乐产业Unit10PublishingIndustry出版业Unit11Animation/ToysIndustry游戏产业/玩具产业Unit12AdvertisingIndustry广告业Unit13NewMediaIndustry新媒体产业Unit14PerformingArtsIndustry演艺业Unit15GlobalizationandChineseCulturalIndustries全球化下的中国文化产业ReferenceAnswer参考答案Bibliography参考文献Unit1DefiningtheCulturalIndustries第一单元界定文化产业的概念PartoneDiscussion第一部分讨论Direction提示Culturalindustriesmaybereferredtoas"creativeindustries",sunriseor"futureorientedindustries",orcontentindustries.Thenotionofculturalindustriesgenerallyincludesprinting,publishingandmultimedia,audio-visual,phonographicandcinematographicproductions,aswellascraftsanddesign.3.Thistwofoldnature–bothculturalandeconomic–buildsupadistinctiveprofileforculturalindustries.Parttwotext第二部分课文Itisgenerallyagreedthatthistermappliestothoseindustriesthatcombinethecreation,productionandcommercialisationofcontentswhichareintangibleandculturalinnature.Thesecontentsaretypicallyprotectedbycopyrightandtheycantaketheformofgoodsorservices.Dependingonthecontext,culturalindustriesmayalsobereferredtoas"creativeindustries",sunriseor"futureorientedindustries"intheeconomicjargon,orcontentindustriesinthetechnologicaljargon.Thenotionofculturalindustriesgenerallyincludesprinting,publishingandmultimedia,audio-visual,phonographicandcinematographicproductions,aswellascraftsanddesign.Forsomecountries,thisconceptalsoembracesarchitecture,visualandperformingarts,sports,manufacturingofmusicalinstruments,advertisingandculturaltourism.Culturalindustriesaddvaluetocontentsandgeneratevaluesforindividualsandsocieties.Theyareknowledgeandlabour-intensive,createemploymentandwealth,nurturecreativitythe"rawmaterial"theyaremadefrom,andfosterinnovationinproductionandcommercializationprocesses.Atthesametime,culturalindustriesarecentralinpromotingandmaintainingculturaldiversityandinensuringdemocraticaccesstoculture.Thistwofoldnature–bothculturalandeconomic–buildsupadistinctiveprofileforculturalindustries.Duringthe90stheygrewexponentially,bothintermsofemploymentcreationandcontributiontoGNP.Today,globalizationoffersnewchallengesandopportunitiesfortheirdevelopment.Vocabularyandnotes词汇与注释1.intangible/in'tændʒəbl/a.难以琢磨的，难以确定的；无形的Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.我们一走进这座房子，就感到有种说不出来的阴郁和绝望的气氛。intangibleassets无形资产jargon/'dʒɑrɡən/n.行话；费解难懂的话；土语Expertsoftenconfuselaymenwiththeirjargon.专家们常常用行话把外行弄得稀里糊涂。HespokesuchajargonIcouldn'tmakeheadortailofwhathesaid.他讲那么一种方言土语,我根本不懂他说什么。phonographic/fəunə'græfik/a.留声机的,速记的4.cinematographic/ˌsiniˌmætɔˈɡræfik/adj.电影的,电影摄影术的5.embrace/im'breis/n.拥抱vt.拥抱,互相拥抱,包含,收买vi.拥抱vt,欣然接受,采取Thereportembracesmanyimportantpoints.报告中包括许多要点。Sheinclinedherbodytoembracetheboy.她屈身想抱住那男孩。Wolfeembracedhisnewlifewithgusto.沃尔夫满腔热忱地迎接新生活。6.nurture/'nə:tʃə/n.1.养育;教养2.营养物,食物3.环境因素vi.养育,教养vt.养育,培育,教养Thetwosistershadreceivedverydifferentnurture.这俩姊妹接受过极不同的教育。Naturepassesnurture.江山易改，本性难移。Nurturepassesnature.教养胜过天性。mother'sdutytonurtureherchildren母亲养育子女的责任7.foster/ˈfɔstə/a.收养的,养育的vt.养育,抚育,培养,鼓励Tourismfostersinterestinothercountries.旅游有助于提高对其它国家的兴趣。bearandfosteroffspring.生养和抚养后代Weshouldfosterourabilitiestostudyindependently.我们应培养自学能力。commercialization/kə,mə:ʃəlai'zeiʃən/n.商业化，商品化Forthispurpose,Chinawillencourageinnovationtoacceleratetheprocessofcommercialization,industrializationandinternationalization.为此，中国将鼓励创新，加快商业化、工业化和国家化的进程。diversity/dai'və:siti/n.差异,多样性agreatdiversityofmethods各种不同的方法10.democratic/demə'krætik/a.民主的,有民主精神的Dr.Sunyat-senwasapioneerofthedemocraticrevolution.孙中山先生是民主革命的先驱。twofold/'tu:'fəuld/a.两倍的,两重的ad.两倍地,两重地Theirtargetsweretwofold:inflationandunemployment.他们的目标是双重的:通货膨胀与失业。profile/'prəufail/n.概况,(人物)简介,小传,侧面,轮廓,人物素描vt.描绘…轮廓,评论人物Keptalowprofileuntilthecontroversyhadabated.保持低姿态直到争议减少Sheisprettierinprofilethanatfullface.她的侧面比正面好看。Themagazinehasdonehisprofile.那家杂志出版了他的传略。13.exponentially/ekspəu'nenʃəlli/ad.成倍地,幂地,指数地Inflationisgrowingexponentially.通货膨胀成倍地增长。Exercises练习A．Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.是非判断Itisobviousthatculturalindustriesareakindofperfectcombinationofcreation,productionandcommercializationwhichnoneedofprotectionbylaws.2.Thenotionofculturalindustriesgenerallydoesn’tincludesports.B．Translations翻译Forsomecountries,thisconceptalsoembracesarchitecture,visualandperformingarts,sports,manufacturingofmusicalinstruments,advertisingandculturaltourism.2.Theyareknowledgeandlabour-intensive,createemploymentandwealth,nurturecreativity-the"rawmaterial"theyaremadefrom-,andfosterinnovationinproductionandcommercializationprocesses.C．Criticalthinking思考问题Theculturalindustryisoneoftheindustrieswiththebestreturnoninvestment(ROI).AccordingtoJohn•Hawkins’smeasure,thefatherofBritishcreativeindustriesandtheinternationalcreativeindustryexpert,thecorecreativeindustriescanbringtheoutputvalueofnearlythreetrillionU.S.dollarsatagrowingrateof70%annuallywhichismanytimesthanthetraditionalmanufacture.Manyprovincialgovernmentsfosterthedevelopmentofculturalindustrywithtoomuchemphasisonindustries,whilefewpaymoreattentiontothecorepart-creativity.Thatiswhymanysupportingpoliciesaretakenforanimationbringoutno“ChineseDisney”,manyTVandmovieproductionbaseswithoutthereturnof“OrientalHollywood”,manyglobalawardedChinesemovieswithoutablockbusterboxofficelikethemovieof2012andlargepublishingmarketfosterthebirthofChineseharryporter.RelatedLinkJohnHowkinsdefinesthecreativeeconomyassimply“financialtransactionsincreativeproducts”,whoseeconomicvalueissecuredthroughcopyright,design,trademarkandpatents,andthereforeincludesthesciences,engineeringandtechnology(SET)sectorsalongwiththearts,media,newmedia,designandarchitecture.FromTheCreativeEconomy:HowPeopleMakeMoneyfromIdeas(2001).Hisnewbook,“CreativeEcologies:WhereThinkingisaProperJob”willbepublishedinspring2009.D.Groupcase-studyandpresentation小组案例研究与陈述Asanintroductionstageoftheculturalindustryforadevelopingcountry,Chinawitnessesarapiddevelopmentinitsculturalindustry,fromtheBeijing798ArtZonetoloft49inHangzhou,tosuccessfullocalanimationworksasBlueCatandPleasantGoatsandthepromisingshowmarketliketheYunnanImpressionandLiulaogenBigStage.Groupwithyourclassmatesasateam(3-4members/group),andchooseoneworkorcompanyasyourresearchobject,trackitscharacteristicindifferentperiods,thenstudythemcarefullytofindoutthepronsandconsofitsdevelopment,andlastlythespokesmanofeachgroupmakesapresentationonyourcasestudyinclass.E．Writing写作Basedontheprimaryknowledgeyouobtainedsofarontheculturalindustries,youmayhavesomeideasonwhatisabetterwayforthedevelopmentofChineseculturalindustry.Writeaboutyourpredictionofitsdevelopmentintenyearsinabout250words.PartthreeFollow-up第二部分后续活动Theculturalindustriesarethoseactivitieswhichdealprimarilyinsymbolicgoods–goodswhoseprimaryeconomicvalueisderivedfromtheirculturalvalue.Weshalllookathowthisdefinitionaffectsthepracticesanddynamicsofthissectorinamoment.Thisdefinitionthenincludeswhathavebeencalledthe‘classical’culturalindustries–broadcastmedia,film,publishing,recordedmusic,design,architecture,newmedia–andthe‘traditionalarts’–visualart,crafts,theatre,musictheatre,concertsandperformance,literature,museumsandgalleries–allthoseactivitieswhichhavebeeneligibleforpublicfundingas‘art’.Therearecertainlydivisionsbetweenthesetwocategories–butalinebetween‘art’and‘commerce’isideologicalandnotanalytical.Thereisnowayinwhichtheclassicalmusicworld,thoughinreceiptofenormouspublicsubsidy,cannotbeconsidereddeeplycommercial.Itmerelyrespondstocommerceinaparticularway.Similarly,thoughaimingto‘makeit’atsomepoint,callingstrugglingpopmusicians‘commercial’istomisunderstandalotofwhattheydo.Thedistributionoffundsinthesetwoareaisdifferent-onerelieson‘themarket’,theotheronabureaucraticsystemofattributingvalue,andthusmoney.Butthedifferenceisnotasfundamentalashasbeenclaimed.Bothdealinsymbolicvaluewhoseultimatetestiswithinacircuitofculturalvaluewhich,whethermediatedbymarketorbureaucracy,reliesonawidersenseofitasmeaningful,pleasurable,beautifuletc.Thoseinvolvedincontemporaryculturalproductionincreasinglymovebetweenthesesystems,thoughformany,theyreceivemoneyfromneither,relyingon‘investment’fromsocialwelfareorsecondjobs.Thekeypointisthatwecannotstartfromthenotionthatthesearetwoseparatesectorsdividedby‘culturalvalue’versus‘commercialvalue’.Weneedtorememberthosetwokeypointsnotedabove-thecommercialsectorprovideswealthandemployment(asdothearts),butitisalsoaprimesiteofculturalconsumptionforthevastmajorityofthepopulation.Theroleof‘arts’inthisconfigurationneedstoberethoughtnotjust‘defended’againstthevulgarmarket.Fortheculturalindustrieshaveaskedquestionsaboutthedefinitionofartsand‘culture’itself.Newformsofproduction,newunderstandingsof‘culture’,newformsofconsumptionanddistributionhaveover-runthecosyseperationsof‘art’and(massor‘folk/ethnic’)culturesetupbytheEuropeanstatefundingsystems.Thedefinitionofculturalindustriesisbynecessityfairlyfluid–asproductsandactivitiesincreasinglytakeonaestheticandsymbolicmeaning(lookatgardening!)-whichcausesproblemsforquantitativestudies.Itmayincludeadvertisingandevenmarketing–thequestionisnotcountingjobnumbersbutunderstandinghowthesefirmsmayfitwithinalocalculturaldynamic.Insomecitiesonlyaveryfewmarketingfirmscouldbeusefullyplacedwithintheculturalsector–asactivelyresponsivetochanginganddynamiccircuitsofsymbolicflow.Insomecasesamarketingoradvertisingfirmcangalvaniseasectionoftheculturaleconomy.Similarly,newmediaobviouslyhascuttingedge,culturallyinnovativesections,butseparatingthesefromgeneralsoftwaredevelopment–fromthewiderinformationeconomy–canbedifficult.Designtooisdifficult–theinclusionofindustrialdesignreallybumpsupthefiguresbutitisnotclearatallhowmanyofthesearedealingwithculturalmeanings.Thatis,towhatextenttheydealinfi