山东省济南第十一中学2023届高三上学期期中考试英语试题 word含解析

高考资源网（），您身边的高考专家欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。高考资源网（），您身边的高考专家欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。高考资源网（），您身边的高考专家欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。济南十一中2021—2022学年第一学期期中考试高三年级英语试题分值：150分时间：120分钟本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（笔答题）两部分。考试结束，将答题卡和答卷纸一并交回，试卷自己保存好。第I卷(选择题共95分)注意事项：1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力测试（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheparty?A.It’ssuccessful.B.It’snotgood.C.It’scrowded.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttolearn?A.Russian.B.Spanish.C.English.3.Howwillthemanmakeaphonecall?A.Byhismobilephone.B.Bythepublicphone.C.Bythewoman’smobilephone.4.Howlonghasthewomanbeenplayingthepiano?A.Forabout15years.B.Forabout9years.C.Forabout6years.5.Wheredidthemanspendhisholidaylastyear?A.InItaly.B.InSpain.C.InGreece.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第6至8题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtoreadabook.B.Howtoreadonline.C.Howtoreadfaster.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.TakeafreecourseontheInternet.B.Takeacourseinaschool.C.Askherfriendsforhelp.8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanhatesreadingonline.B.Thewomanlikesreadinglongnovels.C.Themanusedtoreadlikethewoman.听第七段材料，回答第9至11题。9.WherewillthewomangoonSaturdayevening?A.Toaweddingparty.B.Tothetheatre.C.Totheman’shouse.10.Whenistheman’sbirthday?A.Tomorrow.B.ThisSaturday.C.NextFriday.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisgoodatballet.B.Shewillgotothebirthdayparty.C.Shedoesn’tlikethebarbecueatall.听第八段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Howdidthemangotoworkbefore?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemanbuy?A.Aracingbike.B.Atouringbike.C.Asecond-handbike.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Classmates.听第九段材料，回答第15至17题。15Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisjobnow?A.Bored.B.Inspired.C.Satisfied.16.Whydoesthemanwanttotalkwithhismanager?A.Hedoesn’twanttoworkthere.B.Hedoesn’twanttoworkovertime.C.Hedoesn’twanttotypealldaylong.17.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Askforapayrise.B.Leaveandfindanewjob.C.Goonworkinginthecentre.听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howlongdidthefirelast?A.About60minutes.B.About50minutes.C.About30minutes.19.Whatwasthecauseofthefire?A.Theoldman’ssmoking.B.Theoldman’scooking.C.Thecouple’ssmoking.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthetyphoon?A.ItwillaffectHongKongmuch.B.ItwillarriveinHongKongtonight.C.ItwillnotstayinHongKongverylong.第二部分阅读第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADanceClassesBalletBalletteachesgrace,posture(姿势)andflexibility.Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.Age8-10September7,2019-May16,202010:30am-12:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills,motorplanningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.Age3-5September7,2019-January18,20209:00am-9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents'personaldancegoals.Age5-6September72019-May16,20202:00pm-3:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtuttinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7-10September7,2019-May16,20201:00pm-2:00pmonSunday1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet. B.Jazz.C.HipHop. D.CreativeMovers2.Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?A.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements. B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers. D.Makeuseofalltheballetitems.3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass'?A.Itisopenintheafternoon. B.ItteachestraditionaldancesC.ItisavailableonSunday. D.Ithasthemostskilledteachers.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“CreativeMovers”中的“Age3-5”（年龄在3到5岁之间），可知，CreativeMovers这门课适合3到5岁之间的孩子，所以，四岁的孩子适合学习这门课。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Jazz”中“Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.”（学生们将会被介绍爵士风格的节奏和动作）由此可知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。选项A与文意相符，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文中提及“Ballet(10:30am-12:00amonSaturday)；CreativeMovers(9:00am-9:45amonSaturday)；Jazz(2:00pm-3:00pmonSaturday)；HipPop(1:00pm-2:00pmonSunday)”可知Ballet、CreativeMovers和Jazz这三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而HipHop课是在星期天上课，这就是它特殊的地方。选项C.“ItisavailableonSunday”（它在星期天可以上），符合题意，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。BClaraBarton,bornonChristmasin1821,iswidelyknownasoneofthemosthonoredwomeninAmericanhistory.Shebeganteachingschoolwhenmostteachersweremenatthattime.Later,shebecameoneofthefirstwomenevertobeemployedbythegovernment.HercareerinhelpingthesickbeganwhenherbrotherDavidbecameherfirstpatient.HefelldownfromtheroofofahousewhenClarawasjust11yearsold.Shestayedbyhissideandlookedafterhimforthreeyears,learninghowtogivehimallhismedicines.WhentheCivilWarbeganin1861,sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreanddistributethemtosoldiers.Shealsoreadtothesoldiersandwrotelettersforthem.AftertheBattleofCedarMountaininnorthernVirginiain1862,Claraarrivedatafieldhospitalatmidnightwithavehiclefullofsupplies.AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.”In1869,ClarawenttoEuropeandlearnedabouttheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.UponherreturntotheUnitedStates,shesuccessfullyfoundedtheAmericanRedCross.Sheledtheorganizationforthenext23years.Herlastfieldmission(使命)aspresidentoftheAmericanRedCrosswastohelpthevictimsofthe1900Galvestonhurricane.Shedidnotretire(退休)fromtheAmericanRedCrossuntilshewas83.Truetohernature,Claraalwayswenttowheretheneedwasthegreatest.Today,theAmericanRedCrosscontinuesthemissionClarastartedmorethan100yearsago.Withthehelpofthousandsofvolunteers,theAmericanRedCrossprovidesrelieftovictimsofdisasters,aswellashelpspeopleprevent,prepareforandrespondtoallsortsofemergencies.4.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatClaraBartonwas.A.honest B.caringC.talented D.modest5.AftertheCivilWarbrokeout,ClaraBarton.A.joinedthearmyandfoughtbravely B.wenttoEuropeforfurtherstudyC.continuedtoworkasateacher D.didalottohelpsoldiers6.SeeingClaraBarton’sarrival,Dr.Smithmusthavefelt.A.excitedandgrateful B.proudandjoyfulC.shyandnervous D.sadandsorry7.WhatismainlydescribedinParagraph5?A.TheaimoftheAmericanRedCross.B.Theimportanceofvoluntarydonations.C.ClaraBartonandtheAmericanRedCross.D.ClaraBarton’scontributiontotheCivilWar.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。克拉拉·巴顿是美国历史上最受人尊敬的女性之一。她是第一批女教师之一，是被政府雇佣第一批女性之一。她有爱心，照顾生病的弟弟，帮助内战中的士兵，还成立了美国红十字会。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的Shestayedbyhissideandlookedafterhimforthreeyears,learninghowtogivehimallhismedicines.(她在他身边照顾了他三年，学习如何给他所有的药物)可知，ClaraBarton精心地照顾生病的弟弟。由此可知，ClaraBarton是一个很体贴的人。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段WhentheCivilWarbeganin1861,sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreanddistributethemtosoldiers.Shealsoreadtothesoldiersandwrotelettersforthem.(当1861年内战开始时，她立刻意识到装备简陋的士兵需要帮助。克拉拉没有等别人来帮忙，而是自己收集了一些必要的东西，向公众募捐，并学会了如何储存和分发给士兵。她还为士兵们朗读和写信)可知，内战爆发后，克拉拉·巴顿为帮助士兵做了很多事情。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.”(那家医院的一位名叫保罗·史密斯的医生后来写道：“我以为那天晚上上帝派了一位天使来——她的帮助来得正是时候。”)可推知，Dr.Smith对ClaraBarton的到来非常感动和感激，她像天使一样给了他们及时的帮助。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的In1869,ClarawenttoEuropeandlearnedabouttheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.UponherreturntotheUnitedStates,shesuccessfullyfoundedtheAmericanRedCross.(1869年，克拉拉去了欧洲，了解了红十字国际委员会。回到美国后，她成功地建立了美国红十字会)以及她所做的努力可知，第五段主要讲述了Clara成立并领导美国红十字会的故事。故选C。CFewpeoplecanrefuseadeliciousicecream,especiallyonahotday.Theonlythingthatstopsthefunisthatthetreatishardtoenjoyslowly,endingupwithasticky,meltedmess.Now,researchersfromColombia’sPontificalBolivarianUniversitymayhavefoundanunlikelythingtohelpsolvethisage-oldproblem—akindoffibrefrombananaplantwaste.Bananas,asyouprobablyknow,growingroupsonatree-likeplant.Eachgroupisconnectedtoacentralrachis(叶轴),whichisthrownoncethefruithasbeengathered.Theteam,whichwasledbyDr.RobinZuluagaGallego,beganbyabstracting/drawingoutcellulosenanofibrils(CNFs)fromthepowderedrachis.Thetastelessfiber,thousandsoftimessmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair,wasthenaddedto100gramsoficecreammix.WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,extendingtheamountoftimethatthetreatcanbeenjoyed.Whatwasevenmoreexcitingwasthatthefibreincreasedthestickinessofthelow-faticecreamtolevelshigherthanthefull-fatone.Sincethisiswhatdeterminesthefrozentreat’screaminessandtaste,CNFscouldhelpcreatethehealthiericecreamwithoutinfluencingthetasteofit.Theresearchers,whopresentedtheirfindingsattheAmericanChemicalSociety(ACS)meetinginNewOrleansinMarch,2018,nextplantostudyhowdifferenttypesoffat,suchascoconutoil,influencethebehaviourofCNFsinotherfrozentreats.TheColombianresearchersarenottheonlyonesworkingoncreatingaslower-meltingicecream.In2015,scientistsattheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandfoundthatanaturalproteincalledBsIAwasveryeffectiveinkeepingthetreatfrozenforlongerperiodsoftime.Withbothteamsfightingtobethefirsttogettothemarket,thefutureofeveryone’sfavoritedessertcertainlylooksbright.8.Whatpreventspeopleenjoyinganicecreamslowly?A.Akindoffibrefrombananas.B.Theicecream’squickmelting.C.Theicecream’sstickiness.D.Thefatintheicecream.9.WhywereCNFsaddedtoicecreammix?A.Toimproveitstaste.B.Toincreaseitsstickiness.C.Toreduceitsfatcontent.D.Tomakeitmeltmoreslowly.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Theicecream. B.Thefiber.C.Thefat. D.Thestickiness.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.BsIAispopularinthemarket.B.CNFsaremoreusefulandexpensivethanBsIA.C.IcecreamswithCNFshavebeenonsaleatthemarket.D.Slowlyenjoyinganicecreamwillsoonbecomeareality.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者围绕当代人为了防止冰淇淋融化必须很快吃完冰淇淋的现象展开话题，提出由研究者研究出一种添加物质可以让冰淇淋放缓融化，不影响口感的同时还能减少脂肪。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Theonlythingthatstopsthefunisthatthetreatishardtoenjoyslowly,endingupwithasticky,meltedmess.”唯一阻止人们吃冰淇淋的快乐就是人们很难去慢慢享受冰淇淋，慢慢吃冰淇淋导致的结果就是手上沾满了黏稠的融化了的冰淇淋。所以这里人们为不能缓慢地吃冰淇淋的原因是冰淇淋太容易化了。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。由第三段“Sincethisiswhatdeterminesthefrozentreat’screaminessandtaste,CNFscouldhelpcreatethehealthiericecreamwithoutinfluencingthetasteofit.”因为这决定冰淇淋的奶油的数量和冰淇淋的味道，而CNFs可以帮助生产出更健康的冰淇淋，而且不影响它的口感。所以这里it指的是冰淇淋。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“TheColombianresearchersarenottheonlyonesworkingoncreatingaslower-meltingicecream.In2015,scientistsattheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandfoundthatanaturalproteincalledBsIAwasveryeffectiveinkeepingthetreatfrozenforlongerperiodsoftime.”哥伦比亚的研究人员并不是唯一致力于制造一种融化速度较慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家们发现，一种叫做BsIA的天然蛋白质能有效地让巧克力保持更长时间的冷冻。由此推知，人们缓慢吃冰淇淋将会成为一个事实。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题，需要根据细节来进行推断理解。如第2小题，由第三段“WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。DDanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV,hesays,forproblemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages(影像).Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAndersontheamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.”Andersonsays.Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.Infact,researchsuggeststhatit’stheotherwayaround.“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedtoshowthattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.However,byshowingthattelevisionpromotesnoneofthedangerouseffectsasconventionallybelieved,Andersonsuggeststhattelevisioncannotbecondemnedwithoutconsideringotherinfluences.12.BywatchingTV,childrenlearn_________.A.imagesthroughwords B.morethanexplicitmeaningsC.moreaboutimagesthanwords D.littleaboutpeople’spsychology13.Whichofthefollowingismostrelatedtochildren’sreadingability?A.Radio-listening B.Television-watchingC.Parents’readinglist D.Parents’educationalbackground14.Andersonbelievedthat_________.A.themoreachildwatchesTV,thesmarterheisB.theyoungerachildis,themorehewatchesTVC.thesmarterachildis,thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTVD.thelessachildwatchesTV,thebetterheperformsatschool15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadviseontheeducationaluseofTV. B.TodescribeTV’sharmfuleffectsonchildren.C.ToexplaintraditionalviewsonTVinfluences. D.TopresentAnderson’sunconventionalideas.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了著名的心理学家丹尼尔·安德森认为，区分电视对孩子的影响和家庭对孩子的影响是很重要的，他提出了一些关于看电视的非传统思想。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.（相反，他们从他们所看到的东西中学到显性和隐性的意义）可知通过看电视，孩子们学到的不仅仅是显性的意思。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.（父母的教育背景对孩子阅读的影响更大）可知父母的教育背景与儿童的阅读能力最相关。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.（安德森说:“如果你年轻时很聪明，长大后就会少看电视。”然而，智商较低的人往往一辈子都看电视）可知安德森认为，一个孩子越聪明，他就越不可能沉迷于电视。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages（关于电视的一种传统观点是，它降低了孩子思考和理解世界的能力。看电视时，孩子们不仅仅是吸收文字和图像）和第三段Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.（另一个反对电视的理由是它取代了作为一种娱乐形式的阅读。但安德森认为，看电视的时间长短与阅读能力无关）以及第四段Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.（传统观点还认为，过度看电视会降低智商，影响学习成绩。但这里，安德森也指出，没有研究证明这一点）可推知这篇文章的主要目的是介绍安德森的非传统思想。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___16___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”___17___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___18___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___19___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___20___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。【16题详解】本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。【17题详解】下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Dotheopposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。【18题详解】本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。【19题详解】本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。【20题详解】下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分45分)第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黒。WhenIwaslittleandsomethingdifficulthappened,Iwouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.Shewasalwaysthereforme,helpingme____21____theissue.Nomatterwhat,mymomhada____22____outlook(人生观)．Atthetime,Ihadnoknowledgeofthedifficultiesand____23____shehadexperienced.GrowingupduringtheGreatDepression,mymomlosttwosistersandhadto____24____herparaplegic(下身瘫痪的)youngestsister.Tome,mymotherdefinesresilience(快速恢复的能力).Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery____25____andpositiveperson.Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub(核心)forfamilyandfriends;nooneeverlefthungryorwithoutfeelingabit____26____thantheydidwhentheyarrived.Asachild,onethingmymotherwouldoftensaytomewas,“thistooshallpass."Atfirst,Ifoundthis____27____.WhatIwasdealingwithseemedlikethemost____28____thingever!Howwoulditgetbetter?AsImatured,I____29____shewasright.Lifemovesonandweallhavea____30____tomoveforwardorback.Shealwayschosetomoveforward.“Thistooshallpass"doesn'tmeanthattheproblemwillmagically____31____.Rather,itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocessthat____32____youtofindinnerstrengthto____33____thechallengeathand.Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.I____34____mymother'sadvicewillhelpyouchoosetomoveforward,find____35____andmakethebestofwhatlifehastooffer.21.A.workthrough B.believein C.focuson D.worryabout22.A.simple B.similar C.positive D.new23.A.shame B.losses C.arguments D.competition24.A.remind B.trust C.respect D.support25.A.different B.interesting C.giving D.normal26.A.safer B.busier C.smarter D.better27.A.annoying B.frightening C.surprising D.appealing28.A.enjoyable B.difficult C.boring D.valuable29.A.realized B.imagined C.doubted D.expected30.A.right B.choice C.responsibility D.way31.A.change B.develop C.disappear D.continue32.A.forces B.helps C.warms D.persuades33.A.answer B.accept C.understand D.address34.A.agree B.wonder C.hope D.remember35.A.solutions B.challenges C.results D.purposes【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到困难和挑战时，母亲总是会说“Thistooshallpass”来鼓励作者继续前进，克服困难和挑战，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她总是在我身边，帮我解决问题。A.workthrough解决，克服；B.believein相信；C.focuson关注；D.worryabout担心。根据前文“Iwouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.”可知，因为作者会会向母亲寻求安慰和指导，所以此处指母亲会帮助我解决问题。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我妈妈都是乐观的。A.simple简单的；B.similar相似的；C.positive乐观的，积极的；D.new新的。根据后文“Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery5andpositiveperson.”可知，作者的妈妈是一个乐观的人。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我并不知道她所经历的困难和损失。A.shame羞愧；B.losses损失；C.arguments争论；D.competition竞争。根据空前“thedifficulties”可知，空处需用名词losses与之并列，表示母亲经历的困难和损失。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲成长于大萧条时期，她失去了两个妹妹，不得不赡养截瘫的妹妹。A.remind提醒；B.trust相信；C.respect尊重；D.support支持,赡养。根据后文“herparaplegic(下身瘫痪的)youngestsister.”可知，此处指母亲不得不赡养下身瘫痪的妹妹。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有着坚定的信念，是一个非常乐于助人和积极的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C.giving乐于助人的；D.normal正常的。对比空后“andpositiveperson.”和句意可知，作者母亲是一个乐于助人而且积极向上的人。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;离开时，没有人会感到饥饿，或者感觉比刚来的时候好一点。A.safer更安全的；B.busier更忙碌的；C.smarter更聪明的；D.better更好的。根据前文“Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub(核心)forfamilyandfriends;”可知，因为房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以离开时感觉比刚来时好一些。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这很烦人。A.annoying烦人的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.appealing吸引人的。根据后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者对母亲说的这句话“thistooshallpass.”感到厌烦。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在处理的事情似乎是有史以来最困难的事情！A.enjoyable令人愉快的；B.difficult困难的；C.boring无聊的；D.valuable珍贵的。根据后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者询问如何变得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困难的事情。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成熟后，我意识到她是对的。A.realized意识到；B.imagined想象；C.doubted怀疑；D.expected期待。根据前文“AsImatured”可知，作者成熟后，意识到母亲做的事情是对的。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在继续，我们都有前进或后退的选择。A.right权力；B.choice选择；C.responsibility责任；D.way方法。根据后文“Shealwayschosetomoveforward.”可知，此处指在生活中的选择。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这也会过去”并不意味着问题会神奇地消失。A.change改变；B.develop发展；C.disappear消失；D.continue继续。结合妈妈说的这句话“Thistooshallpass”可知，此处指问题不会神奇地消失。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，它可以导致一个非常反思的思维过程，帮助你找到内在的力量来应对手头的挑战。A.forces强迫；B.helps帮助；C.warms使变暖；D.persuades说服。根据前文“itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocess”可知，此处指形成一个思维过程帮助你。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address处理，应对。根据后文“thechallengeathand”可知，此处指应对挑战。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我母亲的建议能帮助你选择前进，找到解决办法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember记得。根据前文“Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.”可知，作者表示当面对困难和挑战时，希望母亲的建议会有帮助。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解决方案；B.challenges挑战；C.results结果；D.purposes目的。结合前一句可知，此处指找到应对困难和挑战的解决方案。故选A。第II卷(非选择题共55分)注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It___36___（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit___37___(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof___38___mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays___39___evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork___40___(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris___41___(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit___42___isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare___43___(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe____44____(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe____45____(patience).【答案】36.was37.actually38.the39.or40.toreduce41.cleaner42.thatwhich43.amazin