2023学年完整公开课版grammar动词不定式

Grammar&usageto-infinitiveFigureoutthemeaningsoftheproverbsandtheusageoftheunderlinedpart.Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.Itiseasiertogetmoneythantokeepit.Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.什么都知道一如什么都不知道。挣钱容易，攒钱难。吃饭是为了生活，但活着不是为了吃饭。I.Theto-infinitivecanbe1.subjectofasentenceToseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。了解英语是一回事，会英语是另一回事。__________somethingaboutEnglishisonething;__________Englishisquiteanother.先制定个计划是个好主意。________aplanfirstisagoodidea.ToknowtoknowTomake学好英语很难。________________isdifficult.=Itisdifficult______________.再见到你真高兴。It’sagreatpleasuretoseeyouagain.TostudyEnglishwelltostudyEnglishwellPracticeTip:动词不定式和不定式短语做主语时，常用it做形式主语，其句型结构为：Itis+形容词或名词（或词组）+不定式短语…。这时的形容词常为easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名词或词组常为afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。固定结构Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth….(做某事花费某人多少时间)。如：他花了5个月的时间学开车。

Ittookhimfivemonthstolearntodrive.2.objectWehopetoknowaboutthetruth.Indians___________hotfood.(喜欢吃)

They______________amap.(需要看)liketoeatneedtolookat我不知道如何用电脑。

Idon’tknowhowtouseacomputer.

Wehaven’tdecided______________.

(什么时候开始）Theywondered

_______________________________．(邀请谁参加他们的聚会)whentostartwhomtoinvitetotheirparty1.Icouldn’tdecide__________________.(买哪辆自行车)2.Askhim____________.(什么时候把它打开)3.Itoldher_____________.(怎么找到我)whichbicycletobuywhentoopenithowtofindmeIfinditeasytolearnEnglishwell.我认为和他相处很难．老师认为参加这个讲座很有必要．他发现乘车旅行很方便．Ifeelithardtogetalongwithhim.Theteacherthinksitnecessarytoattendthelecture.Hefounditconvenienttotravelinacar.Tip英语中能以不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有afford,decide,expect,hope,learn,疑问词+带to的不定式结构可作动词宾语。want,offer等．这些疑问词是who,what,when,where,which,how等。和这结构连用的动词（词组）有findout,decide,know,tell,forget,understand,wonder等。

find等动词＋it+todosth.it用做形式宾语．

3.objectcomplement1)动词+宾语+带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词（词组）有ask,teach,tell,want,like,askfor,waitfor,advise,invite,have,warn,wish,get等。如：Whotaughtyoutoplaythepiano?Hetoldmenottobringyouanything.2)动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。用于这结构的是使役动词和感官动词，如feel,hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,let,make,have等。这些动词后宾语补足语不用to;在动词help后的不定式宾语补足语，to可有可无。如：我们看男孩子们踢足球。Wewatchedtheboysplayfootball.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thefathermade_________________(让孩子们呆在房间里）intheroom.thechildrenstayTip:hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,make,have等在被动语态中，不定式作宾语补足语必须加上to;let不能用于被动语态。如：--IsawBettygotoGrandpaZhang’shomejustnow.--Yes,sheisoftenseentohelptheoldmanwithhishousework.4.attribute动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面，与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如：Everydayhemadeoneofthesmalleranimalsbringhimsomethingtoeat.此外，不定式还可用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词。他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。HewasthefirstmantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.Columbuswasthefirst_____theNewContinent.tohavediscoveredtodiscoverdiscoveringhavingdiscoveredthefirst/next/last/best这样的词语时,后面用todo.5.predicative动词不定式用在连系动词后，作表语。常见的连系动词有be,seem等。常见句型：主语+be+todosth.Itseemstobeaninterestingbook.我的工作是帮助病人。Myjobistohelpthepatient.What’smore…1.Whynot,Willyouplease,You’dbetter,wouldrather,let后不用to,直接跟动词原形。Youlookrathertired.Whynot_______(stop)totakearest?Willyouplease_____(turn)itdown?It’stoonoisy.stopturn你最好骑车去学校。You’dbettergotoschoolbybike.________________________(我宁愿待在家里),doingnothingthangotothepartywithhim.Iwouldratherstayathome2.and,but*,or,except后。Hewantstodonothingbut___(go)out.Hewantstobelieveanythingbut________(take)themedicine.gototake动词不定式的否定形式Hetoldmenottogothere.Youhadbe