北京市北京四中高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）

北京市北京四中2019届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）（试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟）第一卷（共三部分，满分115分）第一部分：听力理解（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdidthemangettowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.2.Whenwillthemanmeetthedirector?A.At9:00.B.At9:30.C.At10:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabank.B.Atashop.C.Atarestaurant.4.Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.Watchaplay.B.Visithersister.C.Gotothestation.5.Whichofthefollowingistheman'sdrink?A.B.C.第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hewentfishing.B.Hepickedgrapes.C.HewatchedTV.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherweekend?A.Wonderful.B.Tiring.C.Boring,听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatisthewoman'sjob?A.Ateacher.B.Areporter.C.Awaitress.9.Accordingtotheman,whatcontributesmosttohislonglife?A.Thegoodeatinghabit.B.Manyyearsofhardwork.C.Hisfamilymembers'longlife.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Tochangeanappointment.B.Tocancelanappointment.C.Tomakeanappointment.11.Whenwilltheyprobablyhavethedinner?A.OnFebruary3.B.OnFebruary5.C.OnFebruary9.12.Whatwilltheydowhilehavingdinner?A.Discussaproject.B.Gooverthebudget.C.Makeanotherinvitation.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?A.Tointroduceanewbicycleteam.B.Toteachpeoplehowtoridebicycles.C.Toencouragepeopletojoininanactivity.14.WhatmakesNewJerseyagoodplacetocycle?A.Itsclubs.B.Itsclimate.C.Itslandforms.15.Whywillpeopleridebicyclesingroups?A.Tokeepsafe.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toshareexperience.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。ApplicationFormNameAnita(16)AddressRoomNo,(17)InternationalHouseSkillsSpeaksome(18)DetailsofthepositionA/An(19)attheEnglishLanguageCenter3daysaweekDuties(20)questionsandphonecalls第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。1.Janet,who________herhomework,wasallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.A.willfinish B.finishC.hasfinished D.hadfinished【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：Janet已经完成作业，她被允许到操场上打羽毛球。分析句子结构可知，主句为"Janetwasallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground"主句谓语动词为"wasallowed"是过去时，表示动作发生在过去。"who___herhomework"为定语从句.完成作业动作发生在被允许打羽毛球之前，即过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。D项符合语境，故选D。2.ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.Havingfreed B.FreedC.Tofree D.Freeing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：要从身心的紧张中解脱出来，我们每个人都需要深入思考和内心的平静。不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。故选C。3.—Haven’tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaand________thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.A.stayed B.stay C.hadstayed D.amstaying【答案】A【解析】【详解】试题分析：考查时态。句意：——好久没见到你了！你去哪里了？——我去了宁夏，并且在那里支教一年。and连接两个并列的谓语，and之前是一般过去时。所以and之后也要用一般过去时来保持时态的一致，所以选A。考点：考查动词时态。4.(2014·福建)___________thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A.Spending B.SpentC.Havingspent D.Tospend【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生，所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。且“花费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，用现在分词的完成时。故选C项。5.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesinmunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.who B.when C.which D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。首先分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个限定性定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。【点睛】被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。6.（2014·福建）nomoderntelemunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.A.Werethere B.HadtherebeenC.Ifthereare D.Iftherehavebeen【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装。句意：“如果没有现代的电信业，要想得到世界各地的消息，我们就不得不等几个星期。”本题是一个表示与现在相反if虚拟条件句，if从句中使用“did/were”,主句使用“情态动词(would/could/should/might)+动词原形”；而if虚拟条件句发生省略和倒装的条件是：从句谓语部分含有were/had/should。若满足该条件，可将if省去，将were/had/should提于句首，发生部分倒装。故A正确。考点：if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装7.（2014·湖南）Children,when_________bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.A.tobeacpanied B.toacpanyC.acpanying D.acpanied【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。句中的逻辑主语为children，与acpany之间为被动意义上的关系，故用过去分词作状语。句意：当有父母陪伴的时候，孩子们是允许进入体育馆的。故D正确。考点：考查非谓语动词用法8.______whatyou’redoingtodayimportant,becauseyou’retradingadayofyourlifeforitA.Make B.TomakeC.Making D.Made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查祈使句。句意：让你今天所做的事情变得重要，因为你在经营你生命中的一天。根据句中的连词because，可以排除前一句用非谓语动词。用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。所以本句为祈使句的肯定形式。故A正确。9.Iamlookingforwardtotheday_________mydaughtercanbuymeabighouseandsomeluxuriouscars.A.as B.whyC.when D.where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为theday，在从句mydaughtercanbuymeabighouseandsomeluxuriouscars.作时间状语，故用关系副词when。句意：我期待着有一天我的女儿能给我买一座大房子和一些豪华的汽车。故C正确。10.—HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheWinterOlympicGamestobeheldinBeijing?—Well,themedia________itinavarietyofforms.A.cover B.havecoveredC.wouldcover D.covered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——关于将在北京举办的冬奥会你了解多少？——嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道。根据句意可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的影响还存在。故C正确。11.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey________awayinthepast.A.hadthrown B.willbethrowingC.werethrowing D.wouldhavethrown【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：人们现在正在回收过去会扔掉的东西。这句话的which引导的是定语从句，是一个隐含的虚拟语气，因为inthepast相当于Iftheyhadbeeninthepast,所以句子用虚拟语气，和过去相反用wouldhavedone。故选D。【知识拓展】考点：考查含蓄虚拟语气所谓含蓄条件句就是利用语境不直接说出条件的句子。这种句子可以分为两类：一种是广义的含蓄条件句，另一种是狭义的含蓄条件句。1.广义含蓄指的是不用连词if或unless介绍条件，而是改用其他方式。实上这些表达方式也是同样是条件状语。（1）用介词引入条件：*butfor（如不是,如没有）：注意，凡是出现这个复合介词的句子，必须要用虚拟语气，*without/with(在不具备/具备…的条件下),*under（在…条件下）（2）分词短语充当条件（分词短语本身就具有充当条件状语的功能），（3）表示不具备条件的连词连词：but,butthat,or或otherwise，2.狭义含蓄指的是不用任何语言方式显示条件，而是把条件隐藏在具体的原环境中，（1）用上下文暗示条件，（2）用委婉语气暗示条件，（3）用表示愿望的语气暗示条件。【名师点睛】本题考查的是含蓄虚拟语气从句。考生要善于分析句意，首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的语意和时间判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。结尾的inthepast暗示了是对过去的虚拟，所以要用would+havedone形式。12.IfMr.Dewey­_____present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.A.were B.hadbeen C.shouldbe D.was【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气用法。本题考查的是if条件从句与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句用had+ved，主句用would/could/should/might+ved。句意：如果Dewey先生在场的话，他会提供那里人们的任何可能的帮助。故B正确。考点：考查动虚拟语气用法【知识拓展】1.表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.2.表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should,could,might)+have+过去分词。IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberthen,Iwouldhavecalledyou.3.表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should+动词原形③wereto+动词原形；主句：would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.13.Beforeleavingthehouse,anexpressionofthankstothehostwouldbe________.A.inpreparation B.inplaceC.inpossession D.inparticular【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查词组。A.inpreparation在准备中；B.inplace适当的；C.inpossession占有，持有；D.inparticular尤其，特别。句意：在离开家之前，要向主人表达感谢。结合句意可知答案为B。14.Iamconsideringchangingmyjobortryingfora/an________.A.occasion B.remendationC.promotion D.population【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。A.occasion时机，场合；B.remendation推荐；C.promotion提升；D.population人口。句意：我正在考虑换工作或谋求晋升。结合句意可知答案为C。15.Duetotheheavytraffic,hefailedto________himselfatthepartyontime.A.present B.occurC.qualify D.regard【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词。A.present呈现，提出，赠送；B.occur发生；C.qualify限定，修饰；D.regard注重，考虑。句意：由于交通拥挤，他没能准时出现在晚会上。结合句意可知答案为A。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Itwasthenightbeforethepositionwasdue.AsIlookedatthelistoftopics,"TheArtofEatingSpaghetti（意大利面条）"caughtmyeye.Theword"spaghetti"broughtbackthe____16____ofaneveningatUncleAlien'sinBelleville_____17_____allofuswereseatedaroundthetableandAuntPat____18____spaghettiforsupper.Spaghettiwasanexotic（外来的）treatin_____19_____days.NeverhadIeatenspaghetti,and___20___ofthegrownupshadenoughexperiencetobe___21___it.Whatlaughing____22____wehadaboutthe____23____respectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth._____24_____，Iwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwantedto___25___itdownsimplyformyown____26____，notforMr.Fleagle,mypositionteacher,___27___,Iwouldwritesomethingelse.WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasno____28____lefttowriteaproperpositionforMr.Fleagle.Therewasnochoicenextmorningbutto____29____mywork.TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthe____30____papers.Hesaid,"Now,class,Iwanttoreadyouaposition,'TheArtofEatingSpaghetti'."Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsout_____31_____tothewholeclass.____32____laughed,thenthewholeclasswaslaughingwithopenheartedenjoyment.Ididmybestnottoshow___33___，butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,____34____mywordshadthepowertomakepeople___35___.16.A.memory B.thought C.knowledge D.experience17.A.when B.where C.since D.after18.A.cooked B.served C.got D.made19.A.their B.past C.last D.those20.A.none B.one C.some D.neither21.A.carefulabout B.goodat C.fondof D.interestedin22.A.speeches B.lessons C.sayings D.arguments23.A.nearly B.naturally C.officially D.socially24.A.Especially B.Probably C.Suddenly D.Fortunately25.A.settle B.put C.take D.let26.A.work B.story C.luck D.joy27.A.However B.Therefore C.Asforhim D.Exceptforthat28.A.time B.excuse C.way D.idea29.A.giveup B.continue C.handin D.delay30.A.written B.graded C.collected D.signed31.A.loud B.fast C.publicly D.calmly32.A.People B.Nobody C.Somebody D.I33.A.shock B.wonder C.worry D.pleasure34.A.if B.for C.while D.although35.A.excited B.satisfied C.think D.laugh【答案】16.A17.A18.B19.D20.A21.B22.D23.D24.C25.B26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。内容比较简单，贴近学生的生活实际。作者就第一次吃面条的经历，突发奇想，为了自娱写成文章。但为了应付老师，权充未完成的作业上交。结果却给全班同学带来了欢乐，作者自己也感到快乐。【16题详解】考查名词。意为“记忆意为“思想,想法”;C.knowledge意为“知识,学问”;D.experience意为“经验,经历”。从全文来看，作者是记述了记忆中的一件事。因此此题答案选A。【17题详解】考查定语从句。根据Theword"spaghetti"broughtbackthe____1____ofaneveningatUncleAlien'sinBelleville_____2_____allofuswereseatedaroundthetableandAuntPat____3____spaghettiforsupper.“意大利面”这个词让我们想起了在贝尔维尔沃尔外星人叔叔家的一个晚上，我们围坐在桌子旁，帕特阿姨晚餐上供应意大利面。此题是一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是anevening。故选A。【18题详解】考查动词。A.cooked做饭；B.served提供饭菜；C.got得到；D.made制造。serve意为“供饭菜”。在此处是指晚饭吃面条。cook后面可跟meal,dinner等词。故选B。【19题详解】考查形容词。A.their他们的；B.past过去的；C.last最后的；D.those那些。inthosedays意为“当时,那时候”。故选D。【20题详解】考查不定代词。根据句中的and可知是并列句，再根据前面的Never，可知本题应该表示否定的词，但neither表示“两者都不”，与上文中的allofus不符，故答案为A。【21题详解】考查词组。A.carefulabout小心；B.goodat擅长；C.fondof喜爱；D.interestedin对感兴趣。根据上文中提到的Spaghettiwasanexotictreat，可知“成年人中也没有一个人对吃面条在行。”故选B。【22题详解】考查名词。A.speeches演讲；B.lessons课程，教训；C.sayings谚语；D.arguments争论。根据上文所讲，我们中没有人知道吃面条的方法，因此发生了可笑的“争论”。故选D。【23题详解】副词词义辨析。y意为“密切地意为“自然地意为“正式地；官方地意为“在社交方面”。根据句意，他们争论的是关于“在社交方面体面的方法”。故答案为D。【24题详解】考查副词。A.Especially特别地；B.Probably很可能地；C.Suddenly突然；D.Fortunately幸运地。从作者一伙人的可笑的争论，作者突发奇想。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语。A.settledown定居；B.putdown记下；C.takedown拿下；D.letdown使失望。putdown意为“记下”，与前一分句的write意思一致。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词。A.work工作；B.story故事；C.luck运气；D.joy高兴。与文章最后一段中的happiness相呼应。故选D。【27题详解】考查上下文联系。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Asforhim至于他；D.Exceptforthat除了之外。上句说到，作者写文章是为了自乐，而不是为了完成老师的作业。因此，本句是说，至于老师，我将写别的内容。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词。A.time时间；B.excuse借口；C.way方法；D.idea想法，主意。作者笔锋一转，然而，写完此文时已是半夜，因此没有时间来写老师布置作文了。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词组。A.giveup放弃；B.continue继续；C.handin上交；D.delay拖延。第二天一早，我只好交上了我的作品。故选C。【30题详解】考查过去分词作定语。A.written写；B.graded评完分数；C.collected收集；D.signed签署。根据TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthe____15____papers.可知，两天过去了，Mr.Fleagle才把批改过的试卷交了回来。graded意为“评完分数的”。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词。A.loud大声地；B.fast快速地；C.publicly公然地；D.calmly冷静地。loud意为“高声地,大声地”。readout意为“把...读出”。本句是说老师向全班同学读了作者的文章。故选A。【32题详解】考查不定代词。A.People人们；B.Nobody没有人；C.Somebody某人；D.I我。老师读的时候，先是有人笑了，接着全班同学都开怀大笑。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词。A.shock震惊；B.wonder惊奇；C.worry担忧；D.pleasure快乐。本文作者的写作目的是为了娱乐，但此处尽力部表现出来。与前文的enjoyment和formyownjoy相应。故选D。【34题详解】考查并列连词。根据Ididmybestnottoshow___18___，butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,____19____mywordshadthepowertomakepeople___20___.可知，我最好不要显示快乐，但我的感觉是纯粹的幸福，因为我的话有让人开怀大笑的力量。并列连词for在此表示原因。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词。A.excited感到兴奋；B.satisfied感到满意；C.think想，认为；D.laugh大笑。根据Ididmybestnottoshow___18___，butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,____19____mywordshadthepowertomakepeople___20___.可知，我最好不要显示快乐，但我的感觉是纯粹的幸福，因为我的话有让人开怀大笑的力量。本段前面两次出现laugh一词，所以此空也用laugh前后呼应。故选D。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第6小题，根据上文中提到的Spaghettiwasanexotictreat，可知“成年人中也没有一个人对吃面条在行。”故选B。第三部分：阅读理解（共两节；满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AHowMuchMusicCanYouMake?OnNov.18,1995,violinistPerlman,performedaconcertinNewYorkCity.Strickenwithpolio(小儿麻痹症)asachild,Perlmanpainfullywalkedwiththeaidoftwocrutches(拐杖)toachairinthemiddleofthestage.Hecarefullylaidthecrutchesonthefloor,extendedonelegforwardandtheotherunderneathhischair,pickeduphisinstrumentandnoddedtotheconductortobegin.Butsomethingwentwrong.Afteronlysecondsofplaying,oneofthestringsonhisviolinbroke.Thesoundwassoloudthattheaudienceimmediatelyknewwhathadhappenedandfullyexpectedtheconcerttobestoppeduntilanotherstringorevenanotherinstrumentcouldbefound.However,Perlmansurprisedthem.Heclosedhiseyesandthensignaledtheconductortobeginagain.TheorchestrarestartedwheretheyhadleftoffandPerlmanplayedonthreestrings.Heplayedwithpassionandpower.Allthetimeheworkedoutnewfingeringinhismindtomakeupforthemissingstring.AworkthatfewpeoplecouldplaywellonfourstringsPerlmanplayedonthree.Whenhefinished,anawesomesilencehungintheroom.Andthenasone,thecrowdrosetotheirfeetandcheeredwildly.Applauseburstforthfromeverycorneroftheconcerthallasfansappreciatedhistalentandhiscourage.Perlmansmiledandwipedthesweatfromhisbrow.Thenheraisedhisbowtoquietthecrowdandsaid,inaquiettone,"Youknow,sometimesitistheartist'stasktofindouthowmuchmusicyoucanstillmakewithwhatyouhaveleft."Diseaselefthimwithlesspowerthanhehadbefore,yethewenton.Playingaconcertonthreestringsislikehismotto—hewentonwithwhathehadleftandstillmademusic.Andisn'tthattruewithus?Ourtaskistofindouthowmuchmusicwecanstillmakewithwhatwehaveleft,forI'mconvincedthattheworldneedsthemusiconlyyouandIcanmake.36.Afterthestringonhisviolinbroke,Perlman__________.A.foundanotherinstrument B.stoppedtheconcertC.playedonthreestrings D.changedanewstring37.Theaudiencecheeredandclappedtoshowtheir________.A.appreciation B.talentandcourageC.engagement D.passionandpower38.Perlmansucceededduetohis________.A.cautiousness B.patienceC.kindness D.faith39.Thestoryinspirespeopleto________.A.gowiththeflow B.sharemusicwithothersC.employwhatwehave D.smileandkeepquiet【答案】36.C37.A38.D39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名小提琴家伊萨克帕尔曼的一次特殊演奏经历。伊萨克在只有三根琴弦的情况下依然继续演奏，博得听众的认可和掌声的故事，这个故事激励人们利用好我们所拥有的。【36题详解】C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Heclosedhiseyesandthensignaledtheconductortobeginagain.TheorchestrarestartedwheretheyhadleftoffandPerlmanplayedonthreestrings.可知，在他刚演奏了几个小节时，一根琴弦断了，但令人惊讶的是，他仍用三根线继续演奏。故选C。【37题详解】A细节理解题。根据第三段Whenhefinished,anawesomesilencehungintheroom.Andthenasone,thecrowdrosetotheirfeetandcheeredwildly.Applauseburstforthfromeverycorneroftheconcerthallasfansappreciatedhistalentandhiscourage.可知，观众们欢呼鼓掌表示感谢。故选A。【38题详解】D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Playingaconcertonthreestringsislikehismotto—hewentonwithwhathehadleftandstillmademusic.可知，Perlman的成功是由于他的信念，他认为即使断了一根弦也要用剩下的弦弹奏出属于自己的音乐。故选D。【39题详解】C目的意图题。根据最后一段根据最后一段Andisn'tthattruewithus?Ourtaskistofindouthowmuchmusicwecanstillmakewithwhatwehaveleft,forI'mconvincedthattheworldneedsthemusiconlyyouandIcanmake.可知，本文讲述了伊萨克在只有三根琴弦的情况下依然继续演奏，博得听众的认可和掌声的故事，这个故事激励人们利用好我们所拥有的。故选C。【点睛】在做推理判断题时，要求考生抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段最后一句Playingaconcertonthreestringsislikehismotto—hewentonwithwhathehadleftandstillmademusic.可知，Perlman的成功是由于他的信念，他认为即使断了一根弦也要用剩下的弦弹奏出属于自己的音乐。故选D。BTEENSGIVINGisanexcitingyearlyeventwherehundredsofNewYorkCityteensgathertogetherannuallyforaremarkabledayofmunityservice.Thisyear,TEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019participantswillonceagainbetterNewYorkCityandinfluencethousandsoflives!WhenisTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019?Sunday,April20,2019WhoparticipatesinTEENSGIVING?Hundredsofteenagersfromaroundthecity.Teensefromthe92ndStreetY,variouscityschools,youthgroups,andorganizationsinthearea.Inaddition,manyadultvolunteers(aged21andolder)willdonatetheirtimetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019.Whatprojectsdoparticipantsdoattheagencies?Sampleprojectsincludepaintingparkbenches,plantinggardens,visitingandplayingwithpooranddisabledchildren,assistingatanimalshelters,workingatsoupkitchens,deliveringmealsandcelebratingwithfamiliesathomelessshelters.DoIgetanythingforparticipatinginTEENSGIVING?Yes!Everybodybenefits!Teenvolunteerswillreceive"6hours"ofmunityservicecredit,goodtowardshonorsociety,highschoolgraduationandcollegeapplicationrequirements.Adultvolunteerswillbethankedwithalightbreakfast,agiftcertificatefortheirtroubles,andthesatisfactionofhelpingourcity'syouthcontributetotheirmunity.Inaddition,allteenandadultvolunteerswillreceiveacoolTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019Tshirt.Thissoundsawesome!HowdoIregisterforTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019?Interestedteensand/oradultsshouldemailtheTEENSGIVINGCoordinatorJoshHymanatjhyman@92Y.org<mailto:jhyman@92Y.org>(subject:TEENSGIVING)toreceivemoreinformationandtoregisterforthisfantasticevent!Teenscanalsocontacttheirschool'smunityServiceAdvisor.40.Whatcantheteenagersdointhisevent?A.Givethankstotheadults. B.Takecareofanimals.C.CleanthestreetsofNewYork. D.Workforhighschoolsandcolleges.41.Anadultvolunteermayget________forhistimedevotedtoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019.A.aTshirtandagiftcertificateB.munityservicecreditandaTshirtC.ahighschoolcertificateandalightbreakfastD.agiftcertificateandmunityservicecredit42.Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassageisto____________.A.askreaderstodonatetheiradvicetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019B.encouragereaderstoaskmorequestionsaboutTEENSGIVINGC.introduceTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019toreadersD.informreadersofsomefrequentlyaskedquestions【答案】40.B41.A42.C【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章介绍了2010年春季TEENSGIVING活动，这是一项一年一度的社区公益服务活动，将会有成千上万的青少年和成人志愿者参加，并且讲述了如何申请参加这项活动。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Sampleprojectsincludepaintingparkbenches,plantinggardens,visitingandplayingwithpooranddisabledchildren,assistingatanimalshelters,workingatsoupkitchens,deliveringmealsandcelebratingwithfamiliesathomelessshelters.可知，青少年在活动中要照看动物。故选B。【41题详解】细节题。Adultvolunteerswillbe“thanked”withalightbreakfastagiftcertificatefortheirtroublesandthesatisfactionofhelpingourcity’syouthcontributetotheirmunity.InadditionallteenandadultvolunteerswillreceiveacoolTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2010Tshirt.成年志愿者将获得一份爱心早餐，一个解决他们烦恼的礼品券作为感谢。社区对他们表示很满意，另外，所有的青少年和成人志愿者都会获得一个很酷的TEENSGIVING2010春季T恤。故选C。【42题详解】主旨题。根据第一段TEENSGIVINGisanexcitingyearlyeventwherehundredsofNewYorkCityteensgathertogetherannuallyforaremarkabledayofmunityservice.Thisyear,TEENSGIVINGinSPRING2019participantswillonceagainbetterNewYorkCityandinfluencethousandsoflives!可知，这篇文章给读者介绍了2010年春季TEENSGIVING的主要内容，以及如何申请参加这项活动。故选B。CEvenasGoogleplanstotestitsfleet(车队)ofselfdrivingcarsonpublicroadsthissummer,itsbusinessmodelremainsabitofamystery.By2025,asmanyas250,000selfdrivingvehiclescouldbesoldeachyearglobally,accordingtoastudybyanindustryresearchfirm."VehiclesthatcantakeanyonefromAtoBatthepushofabuttoncouldtransformmobilityformillionsofpeople,"saidChrisUrmson,directorofGoogle'sselfdrivingcarproject.Fornow,Googlehasnoplanstosellanyofitsselfdrivingcars.Theyarestrictlyforresearch.ButtheywillhitpublicroadsthissummernearGoogle'sheadquartersinMountainView,California.Previoustestinghastakenplaceonlyonclosedcourses.Thecarsarebuilttooperatewithoutasteeringwheel,accelerator(油门)orbrakepedal."Oursoftwareandsensorsdoallthework,"Urmsonsaid."Thevehicleswillbeverybasic—wewanttolearnfromthemandadaptthemasquicklyaspossible—buttheywilltakeyouwhereyouwanttogoatthepushofabutton."Theprototypes(雏形)arethefirstofa100carfleetthetechgiantisbuilding.Inthelongrun,Urmsonseesafutureofsaferroads—themajorityofautoaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerror—andfewertrafficjams.Roboticcarscouldalsoshuttlepeoplewhocan'tdrivebecauseofageorillness.Googlehassaidthatselfdrivingcarscouldlaunchnewbusinessmodelsinwhichpeoplebuytheuseofvehiclestheydon'town.Thepanyhasalreadytestedothertypesofselfdrivingcarsonpublicstreets,includingmodifiedLexussportutilityvehicles,underaspecialpermitprogrambytheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesthatrequiresahumandriveratthecontrols.Thestatehasissuedsixotherpaniespermitstooperatesuchcars,includingDelphi,MercedesBenz,Volkswagen,Tesla,BoschandNissan.Thevehiclesthatwillbetestedonopenroadsthissummerwillhaveremovablesteeringwheels,acceleratorandbrakepedalstoallow"safetydrivers"totakecontrolifneeded.Googlesaysthecarsaresafe.Thevehicleshavesensorsthat"candetectobjectsouttoadistanceofmorethantwofootballfieldsinalldirections,whichisespeciallyhelpfulonbusystreetswithlotsofintersections,"Urmsonsaid."We'relookingforwardtolearninghowthemunityunderstandsandinteractswiththevehicles,andtouncoveringchallengesthatareuniquetoafullyselfdrivingvehicle,"Urmsonsaid.43.Thepassageinformsusthatselfdrivingcars________.A.willprobablydecreasetrafficjamsB.havealreadypassednecessarytestsC.havebeenpurchasedbysomepaniesD.willbeabletomunicatewithdrivers44.AccordingtoChrisUrmson,________.A.softwareandsensorsarevitalforselfdrivingcarsB.selfdrivingcarscangivedrivingorderstohumansC.selfdrivingcarsarespeciallydesignedfortheelderlyD.ordinaryvehicleswillbereplacedbyselfdrivingcars45.Theunderlinedword"intersections"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.accidents B.buildingsC.crossings D.vehicles46.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.SelfdrivingCarAvoidsHumanErrorsB.SelfdrivingCarMeetsNewChallengesC.Google'sSelfdrivingCarEnjoysGlobalPopularityD.Google'sSelfdrivingCarGraduatestoCityStreets【答案】43.A44.A45.C46.D【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了Google公司开发自我驾驶汽车使用控制软件和感应器让汽车从较远的距离感应到物体的移动，控制车速以确保交通安全。病重这种新型汽车已经经历了检测，未来很快就将投入使用。【43题详解】A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段前两Googlesaysthecarsaresafe.Thevehicleshavesensorsthat"candetectobjectsouttoadistanceofmorethantwofootballfieldsinalldirections,whichisespeciallyhelpfulonbusystreetswithlotsofintersections,"可知Google说这些汽车很安全，可以从很远的距离就感应到物体的存在，这对于交通安全很有帮助。再根据第四段第一句Inthelongrun,Urmsonseesafutureofsaferroads—themajorityofautoaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerror—andfewertrafficjams.可知Urmson认为大部分的事故都是人为导致的，而自动驾驶的汽车事故很受。会更加安全。故A正确。【44题详解】A细节理解题。根据第三段前两句Thecarsarebuilttooperatewithoutasteeringwheel,accelerator（油门）orbrakepedal."Oursoftwareandsensorsdoallthework,"Urmsonsaid.可知自我驾驶的汽车中的软件和感应器可以完成很多工作，这说明这种软件和感应器非常重要。故A正确。【45题详解】C词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句Thevehicleshavesensorsthat"candetectobjectsouttoadistanceofmorethantwofootballfieldsinalldirections,whichisespeciallyhelpfulonbusystreetswithlotsofintersections,"这种新型车辆可以感应到很远之外的物体，这一点对于有很多交叉路口的忙碌的街道上是很有帮助的。所以intersections指“crossings十字路口”，故A项正确。【46题详解】D标题概括题。本文介绍了Google公司开发的自我驾驶汽车使用控制软件和感应器让汽车从较远的距离感应到物体的移动，控制车速以确保交通安全。病重这种新型汽车已经经历了检测，未来很快就将投入使用。所以D项符合中心思想。考点：考查科普说明文阅读DTheunquestionedroleofastudentistolearnasmuchaspossiblethroughwhatevermeansittakestoacquireknowledge.Teachersandprofessorsarehumanbeingsandarethereforenotperfect.Nooneknowsthecorrectanswertoeveryquestionevenwhenyoulimitthequestionstoacertainfieldofstudy.Havingcertainskepticism(质疑)aboutwhattheyarebeingtaughtcanhelpstudentstomaketheteachersevenbetterbycorrectingmistakesandmisinformation.Studentscertainlyhaveahugeroleintheirownabilitiestolearn.Teachersshouldactmoreasguidesalongthewayratherthantrytoforceeachstudenttolearn.Thebestteachersintheworldcannotteachanunmotivatedstudent.Iftheteacher,forwhateverreason,cannotmotivatethestudent,thenthestudentmustsomehowfindawaytomotivatehimselforherself.Onemethodofdoingthisisbybeinganactiveratherthanapassivestudent.Themorethestudentinvolveshimselforherselfintheactofstudying,thebetterheorshecanlearn.Oneofthebestwaystobeemoreactiveissimplytoasktheteacherorprofessorquestions.Studentswhopassivelysitinaclassroomandtakeeverythingthattheteachersaysforgrantedarenotfullyusingtheirmentalcapacitiestolearn.Bettereducationesfromteacherswhoareabletogettheirstudentstothinkaboutasubjectratherthanmerelyabsorbacertainamountofinformation.Havingahealthyskepticismcanimproveastudent'sabilitytoboththinkandabsorb