高考英语一轮复习教案：必修3 Unit 8 Adventure Word版含解析

[话题素材]好词1．experiencen.经历；经验2.obstaclen.障碍3．objectv.反对4.enthusiasticadj.热情的5．failuren.失败6.locatev.坐落；位于7．amazedadj.惊异的8.supportv.支持9．nowonder难怪10.beopposedto反对11．giveup放弃12.getover克服13．asaresultof由于14.enjoyoneself玩得愉快15．bewellknownfor因……出名佳句1．As_is_known_to_us_all,_MountHuashanisfamousforitsbreathtakingcliffsanditsuniquecharacteristics.正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。2．Onceonthetopofthehill,weweredeeplyattracted_bythebeautifulscenery.一到达山顶，我们立刻被这里美丽的风景所吸引。3．Located_off_the_coastofFujiantheislandisdesertedwithnothingapartfromsometrees.这座岛屿位于福建沿海，除了一些树木之外一片荒芜。[精美语篇]TherearemanygreatadventurersinthehistoryofChinaandZhengHewasoneofthem.From1405to1433,hemadesevenexpeditionstotheocean,reachingmorethan30countriesinSoutheastAsiaandEastAfrica.AnditissaidthathewaslikelytohavebeentoAustralia,astrangeandfarawaycontinent.Asaresultofhisgreatachievement,thewholeworldcametorealizetheadvancedtechnologyoftheChinesepeopleinbuildingshipsandatthesametimeChinastrengtheneditsfriendshipwithothercountries.SoeverytimeIthinkofZhengHe,Ifeelveryproudofourcountryandadmirehimverymuch.Inmyopinion,asstudents,weshouldworkhardatourlessonsandtrytobuildourmotherlandintoapowerfulandrichcountryinthefuture.高频单词1．aim(n.)目标；目的2．function(vi.)运转；发挥作用3．risk(vt.)冒……的危险4．quantity(n.)量，数量5．limit(n.)边界，限度→limited(adj.)有限的6．uncomfortable(adj.)不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable(adj.)舒服的→comfort(n.&vt.)安慰7．accommodation(n.)住所，住处→accommodate(vt.)容纳8．anxious(adj.)忧虑的，担心的→anxiety(n.)焦虑，不安9．similarity(n.)相似性，类似性→similar(adj.)相似的10．various(adj.)不同的，各种各样的→variety(n.)品种；种类；变化→vary(vi.)变化11．equipment(n.)配备，设备→equip(vt.)装备，配置12．preference(n.)较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer(v.)喜爱13．amaze(vt.)使惊愕(惊奇)→amazed(adj.)惊愕的，吃惊的→amazing(adj.)令人惊异的→amazement(n.)吃惊，惊愕14．confuse(vt.)使困惑→confused(adj.)困惑的→confusing(adj.)令人困惑的→confusion(n.)混乱；困惑15．survival(n.)幸存，残存→survive(vt.&vi.)幸免于；幸存重点短语1．break_down损坏，不能运转2．run_out_of用完，耗尽3．carry_on继续做某事4．upside_down颠倒地，倒置地5．get_across使理解(某事)6．put_into_prison关进监狱7．stand_by坚持(某种说法)8．in_particular特别地，尤其是9．have_a_huge_influence_on对……有巨大影响10．be_associated_with把……与……联系起来热点句型1．doyouthink作插入语Whydo_you_thinkpeoplewouldwanttogoonthistrip？(教材P22)你认为人们为什么愿意去旅行？2．too...to...表示“太……而不能……”...thatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.(教材P26)……马克的关于中国的故事太离奇而不足信。3．Thencame...为全部倒装结构Then_camethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.(教材P28)接下来极地冬日的全部黑暗时期到来了。4．havedifficulty(in)doingsth.“在……方面有困难”ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashaving_great_difficulty_walking.(教材P28)接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。5．where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语Hewenttoacitywhereironwasproducedinhugequantities.(教材P27)他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。2017必修3Unit8Adventure金版教程·英语[S]NEW教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Thefood________(cook)onthefiresmellsgreatand________youarehavingahotcupoftea,yourelaxandwatchthesungodown.答案：cooking;while2．As________asthegroupguide,allteamshavecooksandporters.答案：well3．Forpeoplewhoprefer________(spend)sometimeonthecoast,wecanorganiseyourtraveland________(accommodate)too.答案：tospend;accommodation4．He__________(impress)byBeijingandtheEmperor'sPalace,________(especial)theSummerPalace.答案：wasimpressed;especially5．Theprisonerthenwrotethestoriesinabook________(call)TheDescriptionoftheWorld,________becameoneofthebest­sellingbooksinEurope.答案：called;which6．Amundsenwasthefirst________(leave),on15October,1911.Hehadteamsofdogs________(pull)thesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.答案：toleave;pulling7．AlthoughtheSilkRoadcoveredahugedistancelinkingmoderndayXi'an________theMiddleEastandEurope,todayonearea________particularisassociatedmostclosely________thenameoftheSilkRoad.答案：with;in;with8．TheSilkRoadwasnotjusttheroutethrough________goodswerecarried.答案：which9．BuddhismfromIndiaenteredChina________theSilkRoadandhadahugeinfluence________Chineseculture.答案：along;on10．Hewantedtogetawayfromeverythingsohemovedtoa________(distance)land.答案：distant1differvi.不同于，有区别Howdothetouristsdifferfromlocalpeople？(P23)旅客和当地人有什么不同？(1)differfrom与……不同；不同于……differin在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/over在……方面与某人意见不同(2)differentadj.不同的，有差别的bedifferentfrom与……不同(3)differencen.差别，不同之处makeadifference产生影响，起作用makenodifference没有影响tellthedifference(s)betweenAandB指出A与B的不同①[2015·重庆高考]Indeed,Iwasnodifferent_fromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.其实，我与其他人没有区别，我只是需要一个更安静的地方。②[2014·江苏高考]Thespecificexpressionofangeralsodiffersfrompersontopersonbasedonbiologicalandculturalforces.人与人之间具体的生气表情根据生物和文化的不同而不同。③[2014·福建高考]Thesmallestgoodhabitscanmake_a_big_difference.最小的好习惯能够产生很大的影响。④[2013·江苏高考]HowdoTwain'snovelsonslaverydiffer_fromStowe's?马克·吐温描写奴隶的小说和斯托夫人的有怎样的不同？2anxiousadj.忧虑的，担心的；渴望的，急切的Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeelanxiousandtheysleptbadlythatnight.(P23)从那一刻起他们开始感到不安，那天夜里没睡好觉。(1)beanxiousaboutsth.对某事担忧/心beanxiousforsth.渴望得到某物beanxious(forsb.)to_do渴望(某人)做某事beanxiousthatsb.(should)_do...渴望做……(2)anxietyn.忧虑，担心withanxiety焦虑地(3)anxiouslyadv.焦虑地；不安地①[2015·陕西高考]Youwillbeanxiousifyousetoutforadinnerlate.如果你赴晚宴动身晚了，你将会很焦急。②[2015·陕西高考]Beingpunctual,wecanavoidanxiety.守时，我们可以避免担心。③[2014·江苏高考]Wemoveawayfrompeopleandthingsthatwedislikeorthatmakeusanxious.我们离开我们不喜欢或是使我们忧虑的人或事。④[牛津词典]Parentsarenaturallyanxious_fortheirchildren.父母自然为儿女担心。易混辨析⑤用anxious/eager的适当形式填空a．Jennywasextremely________aboutherexams.b．Iamnotso________togetanewcarnow,becausethepriceshavebeengoingup.答案：a.anxiousb．eager3riskvt.冒……的危险n．冒险；危险；风险Whatmakespeoplerisktheirlivestodothem?(P24)是什么促使人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢？(1)riskdoingsth.冒做某事的危险riskone'slife冒生命危险(2)attheriskof冒着……的风险take/runtheriskofdoingsth.冒着……的风险做某事take/runarisk/risksto_dosth.冒险(做某事)atrisk处境危险；遭受危险atallrisks/atanyrisk无论冒什么风险，无论如何(3)riskyadj.有危险的；冒险的①[2015·四川高考]DrDominonisaidlackofsleepcouldputthebird'shealthat_risk.Dominoni博士说缺乏睡眠使鸟的健康处境危险。②[2014·辽宁高考]Long­termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.长期呆在太阳下会对你的眼睛造成危害。③[2012·北京高考]Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold­watertasktendedtotake_more_risksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.接受冷水压力实验的男性往往更容易冒险，而女性的反应却相反。④[牛津词典]We'vebeenadvisednottorisk_travellingintheseconditions.我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。－特别提示－risk后跟动名词作宾语。类似动词enjoy,finish,practice,feellike,avoid,mind,suggest,imagine,keep等也要用动名词作宾语，而不能用不定式。4eq\a\vs4\al(amazevt.使惊愕惊奇)Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.(P26)马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。(1)amazedadj.感到吃惊的/惊奇的beamazedat/bysb./sth.对某人或某物感到惊讶beamazed(that)．..感到惊奇的是……beamazedto_see/hear...看到/听说……感到很惊讶(2)amazingadj.令人惊异的；令人大为惊奇的It'samazingthat...令人惊讶的是……(3)amazementn.惊奇，惊愕toone'samazement令某人大为惊奇的是……inamazement惊愕地①[牛津大词典]Itamazedherthathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime.在这个时候他如此冷静，真让她惊讶。②[2015·安徽高考]IfyoucometovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureofamazingdepthandvariety.如果你到中国来游览，你将会体验到一种有惊人的深度和多样性的文化。③[2014·广东高考]ButIwasmostamazed_bythewildlifethere.但是那里的野生生物最让我吃惊。④[牛津词典]To_my_amazement,_hewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.使我大为惊奇的是，他把这首诗从头至尾背诵了出来。5eq\a\vs4\al(confusevt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆)Hewasalsoconfusedbytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburnforfuel.(P26)他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。(1)confusesb.使某人困惑confuseAwith/andB把A和B混淆(2)confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的confusedadj.感到困惑的，感到难懂的be/get/becomeconfused困惑，不知所措beconfusedinmind心烦意乱feelconfused感到困惑不解，感到糊涂(3)confusionn.混乱；困惑①[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ]Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.注意力被分散了，狮子变得很困惑，不确定接下来要做什么了。②[2013·浙江高考]Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy?Becauseyourbraingets_confusedbetweenwhatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'refeeling.为什么旋转会让你感到眩晕？因为你的大脑被你所看到的和所感觉到的所迷惑。③[2012·陕西高考]Theaudienceisoftenleftconfusedaboutwhetherthemeetingisoverandwhentheycangetupandleave.听众们常常不清楚会议是否结束，他们什么时间可以起身并离开。④[人教④－2]Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwewillconfuse_the_students.再解释一遍这个问题很重要，否则我们会让学生感到困惑。⑤[牛津词典]Peopleoftenconfuse_me_and_my_twin_sister.人们常常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。6eq\a\vs4\al(quantityn.量，数量)Hewenttoacitywhereironwasproducedinhugequantities.(P27)他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(quantitiesof/aquantityof大量，许多,alarge/greatquantityof大量，许多))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(既可修饰可数名词，,又可修饰不可数名词)inquantity/inlargequantities大量，大批①[2013·重庆高考]Itisfilledwithsymbioticexistence,too;unimaginablequantities_ofcreatures，...它也充满了共生存在，不可思议数量的生物……②[新英汉词典]It'scheapertobuygoodsin_quantity.大批量购货比较便宜。③It'sapitythatthereareonlya_small_quantity_offlowersleftinthegarden.很遗憾，花园里只剩下少量的花了。－特别提示－aquantityof/largequantitiesof后可接不可数名词也可接可数名词的复数形式，但当它作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据quantity的单复数形式而定。④[2011·上海高考]Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdeserthascoveredtheland.由于森林的毁坏大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。联想识记7eq\a\vs4\al(observevt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝；评论，说)Air­conditionedvehiclesforobservinganimals.(P30)为观察动物需配有空调的交通工具。(1)observesb.dosth.看到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事observesth.done看到某事被做observearule遵守规则(2)observationn.观测，观察；遵守underobservation在观察中；被监视中①[2014·北京高考]Observe_carefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab.当你在实验室做实验时，要仔细观察是否发生变化。②[2013·江苏高考]FailuretoobserveallParkrulescouldresultinbeingdrivenoutoftheParkwithoutrefund.不遵守所有停车规则，可能会导致被逐出停车厂而不予退款。③Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestillobservethetraditionalFestivals.尽管已经在国外生活很多年了，许多中国人仍然庆祝传统节日。图解助记－特别提示－observe后跟不带to的不定式或现在分词作补语，即observesb.do/doingsth.，不能说observesb.todosth.，但在被动语态中，必须带to。④Heobserved_someone_openthedoor.→Someonewas_observed_to_openthedoor.他注意到有人打开了门。过关演练在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1．[2014·湖南高考]It'shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmaking________(differ)choices.答案：different形容词different修饰名词choices。2．[2014·天津高考]________(anxious),shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn'tfit.答案：Anxiously副词修饰整个句子，anxiouslyadv.“急切地”。3．[2014·安徽高考]Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemore________(risk)choice.答案：risky根据空前的more及空后的名词可知此处用形容词形式，riskyadj.“冒险的”。4．[2014·福建高考]Iwas________(amaze)thathe'dcomeupwithsuchasweetidea.答案：amazed修饰主语I，应用形容词，amazedadj.“感到吃惊的，惊奇的”。5．[2014·江西高考]Sometimes,hissearchwaslimited________acageunderwaterbutthatdidnotbotherhim.答案：tobelimitedto“局限于，限于”。句意：有时候他的搜寻被限制在水下的笼子里，但是这并没有打扰他。6．Ifindhislecturesvery________；heneverstickstothepoint.Iget________.(confuse)答案：confusing;confused句意：我发现他的课令人困惑不解，他总是跑题。我被弄糊涂了。confusingadj.“令人困惑的”，getconfused“被弄糊涂了”。7．Sofarlargequantitiesofinformation________(store)inthecomputer.答案：havebeenstored句意：迄今为止，大量的信息已被储存在计算机里。由sofar可知应用现在完成时，quantity修饰名词作主语时，谓语单复数由quantity的单复数决定，故此处应用have；由句意又知应用被动，故填havebeenstored。8．Thewomanwasobserved________(follow)himclosely.答案：tofollowbeobservedtodosth.“被看到做了某事”。句意：有人看到那名女子紧跟着他。9．Manypeopleexpressedastrongpreference________theoriginalplanatthemeeting.答案：forexpressthepreferencefor“表达对……的偏爱”。10．Theyweredeterminedtogetthereeven________theriskoftheirlife.答案：at句意：他们下定决心到达那，甚至不惜冒着生命危险。attheriskof“冒着……危险”。1eq\a\vs4\al(turnup出现，到场；开大音量)WhenIturnedupformyfirstjumpIwassonervousthatItriedtobackout,butmyfriendspersuadedmetogothroughwithit.(P25)当我第一次跳的时候，我很紧张以致试图放弃，但在朋友们的劝说下，我终于完成了那次蹦极。turnagainst背叛，反对，敌视turnaway不准进入，拒绝；打发走turndown拧小；拒绝；调低turnin上交，交还；获得turnout生产；制造；证明是，结果是turnto求助于；移交；翻到turnover翻转；移交①[2015·湖北高考]Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswillturn_upsoonerorlater.别着急，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。②[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Openthecurtainsandturn_upthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating.打开窗帘，调亮光线。黑暗的环境，更可能鼓励过量饮食。③[2014·浙江高考]Howcouldyouturn_downsuchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths?既然你都失业几个月了，你怎么还能拒绝这么诱人的工作？④[2013·大纲全国卷]Eighttheatregroupsturned_upuninvitedin1947inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform.有八个未被邀请的剧院团队也于1947年到场，他们相信每个人都有表演的权利。⑤Itturned_outthathisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.原来他的兄弟死于心脏病。2eq\a\vs4\al(breakdown损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除)First,histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.(P28)先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。eq\a\vs4\al(breakawayfrom挣脱；脱离,breakin破门而入；打断,breakinto闯入；突然……起来后接tears，laughter等,breakout战争爆发；火灾发生,breakthrough突围；突破；冲垮；克服,breakup拆开，结束；解散；人与人关系发生破裂)①[2015·湖北高考]Hebroke_downashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.想到自己没能卖完报纸，小男孩崩溃了。②[2014·天津高考改编]Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreak_downsomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.两个国家将要会谈来分解他们之间的贸易障碍。③[2013·福建高考]Old­fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreak_downindisasters.当灾难来临无线网络出现故障时，旧的电话就会有作用了。④[人教②－5]Thebandbroke_upabout1970,buthappilytheyreunitedinthemid­1980s.乐队在1970年前后解散了，但幸运的是，到20世纪80年代中期他们又重新组合起来。3eq\a\vs4\al(runoutof用完，耗尽；从某处流出，跑出)Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.(P28)队员们很快就精疲力竭了，食物也快吃完了。eq\a\vs4\al(runout用完，用光,runacross不期而遇；偶然发现,runinto撞上；偶然遇见,runthrough匆匆查阅,runafter追赶,runover撞倒；撞翻并轧过身体的一部分)①[2015·湖北高考]Whenhewas_running_afterhisbrother,theboylosthisbalanceandhadabadfall.男孩在追赶他哥哥时，失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。②[2015·广东高考]Whilemakinggreateffortstorun_away,_shefelloverthehillanddied.当奋力逃脱的时候，她跌下山崖，死了。③[2014·上海高考]Villagershavelongbeenusedtofacingadrivewhentheyrun_out_ofbasicsupplies.村民们长期习惯于当用完基本用品时面对着一种驱使。④[外研④－1]Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth'snaturalresourcesrun_out.在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。过关演练选词填空eq\x(runout；turnup；breakdown；runoutof；takeoff；getacross)1．[2014·安徽高考]Whenthesportshero________atourparty,hewaswelcomedwithopenarms.答案：turnedup2．[2013·广东高考改编]Suddenly,hefoundthathehad________salt.答案：runoutof3．—I'mstillworkingonmyproject.—Oh,you'llmissthedeadline.Timeis________.答案：runningout4．Herhealth________underthepressureofwork.答案：brokedown5．Yourmeaningdidn'treally________.答案：getacross6．InKorea,youshould________yourshoeswhenenteringahouse.答案：takeoff1Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook，manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.P26,尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。(1)该句中使用了too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。(2)在此句式中，若too后接happy,pleased,glad,anxious,eager,willing,ready等表情绪、心情等形容词，则too相当于very，表肯定意义。(3)如果too前有否定词never或not(即never/nottoo...to...)，或者不定式前有not(即too...nottodo...)时，这两种形式均表示肯定意义。(4)can't...too...表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。(5)too...to句式可以与notenough...to...或so...that...句式相互转换。①[2014·北京高考]Ifareportseemstoo_good_to_be_true,_probablyitis.如果一份报道似乎太好了而不真实，那可能确实就不真实。②[2012·陕西高考]Ican'tthankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。③Itisnever_too_late_tomend.(谚语)亡羊补牢为时不晚。④Weareonlytoo_happy_to_liveinChina.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。2ThenexttogowasCaptainOates，whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.P28接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。(1)havedifficulty(in)doingsth./withsth.表示“在……方面有困难(或麻烦)；做……有困难”。表示此意思的其他用法有：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(havedifficultywithsth.,havetrouble/problemindoingsth.,haveahardtimeindoingsth.,there'sdifficulty/trouble\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,indoingsth.))))(2)difficulty前可用some,any,no,little等词来修饰。①[牛津词典]Ihadconsiderabledifficulty_(in)_persuadingherto