山东省德州市2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

高二英语试题2023.4本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。注意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在试卷上无效。第I卷(满分95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inabank.C.Inthestreet.2.Whatbooksdoesthewomanusuallyreadinthelibrary?A.Storybooks.B.Coursebooks.C.Sciencebooks.3.Howdoesthemanfindthejeans?A.Toobig.B.Abitsmall.C.Unfashionable.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Havingcheese.B.Takingapicture.C.Enjoyingafountain.5.WhatisSusanGray?A.Awriter.B.Astudent.C.Areporter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotoappointments?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherwayofkeepingfit?A.Safe.B.Tiring.C.Stressful.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.WhyisMariaworried?A.Shemayhurtherlegs.B.Shehastoruntenkilometers.C.Shehasnopreviousexperience.9.WhatwillMariadoonSaturday?A.Relaxherbody.B.Practiceonthetrack.C.Makepreparationsinagym.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthedininghallclose?A.Atabout6:00.B.Atabout6:30.C.Atabout7:00.11.Whydoesn’tAnnwanttoeatinthedininghall?A.Shehadapizzaalready.B.Shehastoprepareforatest.C.Shedoesn’tlikethefoodthere.12.WhatwillAnnmostprobablydothisweekend?AGohome.B.Gofishing.C.Goshopping听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatdoesSimonstudyatOxford?A.Physics.B.English.C.History.14.WhatisSimon’sfirstnovelmainlyabout?A.Hisfather’sworkasareporter.B.HisvoluntaryworkinVietnam.C.HisexperienceinSouthAfrica.15.WhatdoesSimonplantodoaftergraduation?A.Goontostudyabroad.B.FindajobinVietnam.C.Writehissecondnovel.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?APublisherandwriter.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoplantsvegetablesonthehotelroof?A.Colin.B.Steven.C.Peck,18.WheredoesHenryefrom?A.California.B.NewYork.C.Ottawa.19.WhatisthefunctionoftheroofgardensaccordingtoPeck?A.Attractingtourists.B.Promotingbusiness.C.Reducingpollution.20.Whatfactordoesthespeakertalkaboutatlast?A.Thelocalclimate.B.Plantingtechniques.C.Changesoftheseasons.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AGRADINGPOLICYGradeshelptodetermineastudent’ssuccess.Toacplishthegoaloffurtheringtheeducationandguaranteethesameeducationalopportunitiesforeveryone,thefollowingpoliciesandexpectationsarerequestedtobefollowedbyallstudents.GradingMethodInourschool,gradeswillbeweighedbythefollowingthreecategories.◆CategoryA—Tests,Quizzes,ResearchAssignments,Projects,andPresentations.◆CategoryB—Homework,ClassWork,ContentReadings,Notebooks,andEssays.◆CategoryC—PreparedforClass,ClassParticipation,andDiscussionParticipation.GradingCriteria◆CategoryA:70%◆CategoryB:20%◆CategoryC:10%Withineachcategorydifferentpointscanbeassignedperevent.Participationgradesarecalculatedattheendofeachmarkingperiod.Ifastudentdoesnotparticipate,theydonotearnanypoints.pletinghomeworkassignmentsispartofyourparticipationgrade.Therefore,anyhomeworkassignmentsnotpletedwillresultinpointsbeingloweredfrombothCategoryB&CategoryC.Thisreducesthepossiblepointsthatcanbeearnedandthustheoverallparticipationgrade.DueDatesDuedatesarefinalforallmajorgrades.Advancenoticewillbegiventohelpthestudentsmanagetheirtime.Researchpapersshouldbefinishedpriortothedeadlineinordertoavoidlastminuteproblems,suchasputerorprintererrorsorotherdistractingevents.Studentswhodonotpleteormakeupworkwithinthescheduledtimewillnotreceiveanycreditforthoseassignmentsandwillnothaveanopportunitytopletetheworkatalaterdateandscholarshipisunavailableaswell.1.WhichgradingitembelongstoCategoryC?A.Quizzes. B.Presentations. C.Contentreadings. D.Discussions.2.Whatwillhappenifanyhomeworkisnotpleted?A.Themarkingperiodwillbeputoff.B.Theoverallpointswillbereduced.C.Theparticipationpointwillbezero.D.TheCategoryApointswillbeaffected.3.WhatcanbeinferredfromDueDates?AAdvancenoticeisunavailabletostudents.B.Preparingresearchpapersinadvanceisessential.C.Studentscanmakeuptheirworkafterduedates.D.Scholarshipcanbeobtainedonasecondchance.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了学生需要遵守的打分政策和要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“GradingMethod”下面的“CategoryC—PreparedforClass,ClassParticipation,andDiscussionParticipation.(C类——课前准备、课堂参与和讨论。)”并结合选项可知，D项（讨论）属于C类评分项目。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“GradingCriteria”下面的“Therefore,anyhomeworkassignmentsnotpletedwillresultinpointsbeingloweredfrombothCategoryB&CategoryC.Thisreducesthepossiblepointsthatcanbeearnedandthustheoverallparticipationgrade.(因此，任何家庭作业未完成都会导致B类和C类的分数降低。这会降低可能获得的分数，从而降低整体参与分数。)”可知，家庭作业没有完成会降低B类和C类的分数。根据“GradingCriteria”下面的“CategoryA:70%”“CategoryB:20%”“CategoryC:10%”可知，总的成绩由A、B、C三类按照不同比例共同组成。由此可推测出，B类和C类分数的降低会使总的成绩降低。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“DueDates”下面的“Researchpapersshouldbefinishedpriortothedeadlineinordertoavoidlastminuteproblems,suchasputerorprintererrorsorotherdistractingevents.(研究论文应在截止日期前完成，以避免在最后一刻会出现问题，如计算机或打印机出差错或其他分散注意力的事。)”可推知，提前准备自己的研究论文是很有必要的。故选B。BJoLand,a53yearoldteacher,washorrifiedwhensherealisedhowmuchherson’sschooluniformwasgoingtocost.Shestartedthinking:“Ifitwasthisexpensiveforus,howonEarthmustfamilieswithmorechildrencope?Andthat’snottakingintoaccountthecostofliving.Food,fuelandenergypricesaregoingupforeveryone.Itseemswrongifitpreventssomechildrenfromattendingschool.”Therefore,Landboughtanewplasticdustbinandputitoutsideherhouse,withasignreading,“Schooluniformdropoff”.ShesetupanonlinegroupcalledSchoolUniformSwapandaskedpeopletodonategoodqualityuseduniformsforfree.Theoperationstartedtogrowalmostimmediately.Peopledriveupanddroptheclothinginherbin.Landsortsthroughit,keepsitandpostsdetailsaboutdonationsonhergroup.Recipientscaneandcollectattheirleisure.Sheevendropsclothesatthehomesofpeoplewithoutcars.“Everychildgoingtoschooldeservestofeelsmartandproud.Wedon’twantchildrentogotoschoolfeelingnegative,becausethataffectstheirlearning.”Landsays.Thereisalsoabeneficialimpactontheenvironment—theprojectstopsgoodqualityuniformsendingupaslandfill.Landhasnoticedthatpeoplerarelytakewithoutalsogiving:“Sometimespeopleleaveflowersonthebin,ortheydropoffsomeoutgrownclothesaswell,evenifit’sjustapoloshirtorafewjumpers.”Shesaysshehasneverreceivedsoileduniform:“Everythingisalwaysreallyclean.”Parentssendmessagestoexpresstheirthanks,sayingsheisdoingawonderfulthingandtalkingabouthowhardthingsareatthemoment.Landalsoreceivessomanymessagesfrompeoplewhoareabsolutelydesperate,becausetheycannotafforduniformsfortheirchildren.Sheisthinkingaboutallthepeopleinhermunitywhowillstrugglethiswinter.Herdeterminationtoensurechildrencanaccesstheuniformstheydeservegrowseverstronger.4.WhatinspiredLandtolaunchthedonationofschooluniforms?A.Theschool’srequest. B.Theenvironmentalneeds.C.Thepriceofschooluniforms. D.Thestudents’personaltastes.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheuseduniforms?A.Theyareofhighquality. B.Peoplemainlyswapthemonline.C.Theyaresoldatlowcost. D.Peoplehavetodrivetogetthem.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLand?A.Curiousanddiligent. B.Considerateandcautious.C.Inspiringandcourageous. D.Responsibleanddetermined.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Uniformexchangetoprotectnature. B.Uniformswaptohelpthedisadvantaged.C.Recyclingschooluniformsbeingpopular D.Lowinefamiliesstrugglingforuniforms.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了53岁的教师JoLand因为校服昂贵，建立起了“校服交换”组织，来呼吁人们免费捐赠高质量的二手校服。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“JoLand,a53yearoldteacher,washorrifiedwhensherealisedhowmuchherson’sschooluniformwasgoingtocost.Shestartedthinking:“Ifitwasthisexpensiveforus,howonEarthmustfamilieswithmorechildrencope?Andthat’snottakingintoaccountthecostofliving.Food,fuelandenergypricesaregoingupforeveryone.Itseemswrongifitpreventssomechildrenfromattendingschool.”(53岁的教师JoLand在意识到儿子的校服要花多少钱时吓了一跳。她开始思考：“如果对我们来说这么贵，有更多孩子的家庭究竟该如何应对？这还没有考虑到生活成本。每个人的食品、燃料和能源价格都在上涨。如果它阻止一些孩子上学，这似乎是错误的。”)”可知，是校服的价格促使Land发起捐赠校服的活动。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ShesetupanonlinegroupcalledSchoolUniformSwapandaskedpeopletodonategoodqualityuseduniformsforfree.(她建立了一个名为“校服交换”的网络组织，呼吁人们免费捐赠高质量的二手校服)”可知，旧制服质量很好。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Landsortsthroughit,keepsitandpostsdetailsaboutdonationsonhergroup.Recipientscaneandcollectattheirleisure.Sheevendropsclothesatthehomesofpeoplewithoutcars.(Land对这些信息进行分类、保存，并在她的群组中发布有关捐款的详细信息。接受者可以在他们空闲的时候来领取。她甚至把衣服丢在没有车的人家里)”以及最后一段“Herdeterminationtoensurechildrencanaccesstheuniformstheydeservegrowseverstronger.(她确保孩子们能得到他们应得的校服的决心越来越坚定)”可推知，Land有责任心且坚定。故选D。7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Therefore,Landboughtanewplasticdustbinandputitoutsideherhouse,withasignreading,“Schooluniformdropoff”.ShesetupanonlinegroupcalledSchoolUniformSwapandaskedpeopletodonategoodqualityuseduniformsforfree.(因此，Land买了一个新的塑料垃圾桶，放在屋外，上面写着“校服寄递”。她建立了一个名为“校服交换”的网络组织，呼吁人们免费捐赠高质量的二手校服)”结合文章主要说明了53岁的教师JoLand因为校服昂贵，建立起了“校服交换”组织，来呼吁人们免费捐赠高质量的二手校服。可知，B选项“换校服帮助弱势群体”最符合文章标题。故选B。CTreesdon’tlookatthecalendartoseewhenspringarrives,buttheyseemtoknowwhenspringisherebetterthanwedo.Theannualshiftfromwintertospringisabreathtakingeventtowatchasleavesbeegreenandalush(苍翠的)environmentrevealsitself.Recentlyaresearchtakesalookatwhytreesincitiesareturninggreenearlierthanexpected.Scientistsusesatelliteimagerytoseewhenplantsturngreen.Byparingspringgreenupsinthe85largestUScities,scientistsfoundthatonaveragetreesstarttoturngreenninedaysearlierincitiesduetothebinedeffectofartificiallightsandurbanheateffect.Accordingtothefindings,oneofthereasonsistheartificiallight.Citylightsbrighteningthenightskies,billboardsignslituponroadwaysandcarheadlightsallcontributetoshiftingtheregulardaytonightcyclethatplantsandtreesrelyon.Inordertostayaliveduringcruelwinters,treeshitthepausebuttonontheirgrowth.Sincetemperaturescanvarydramaticallythroughoutthewinter,thelengthofdaylightisthesignaltreeslookfortosafelystartgrowingagainandturngreen.Onaveragecitiesaretypically1.8to5.4Fwarmerthanruralareas.Thisisknownastheurbanheatislandeffect.Thechangesincityenvironmentsmayaffectseasonalchangesevenmorethanclimatewarmingandcanaffecttheallergyandmosquitoseason,watercycles,andalsoaffectpollinators(授粉媒介).Despitetheworriesandconcern,itisn’tallbadnews.“Withalongergrowingseason,treeswouldbeabletoabsorbmorecarbondioxide,”Aresearchersaid.“Hopefullythey’dhavealongerperiodtodothecoolingeffectthatcanhelpmitigatetheurbanheatingeffectincities.”8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Torevealhowtreessurvivebitterwinters.B.Towarnhowhumanactivitiesdisturbnature.C.Toexplainwhytreesturngreenearlierincities.D.Toclarifyhowtreesturninggreenearlierbenefitscities.9.Howdidthescientistsconducttheirresearch?A.Bringingouturbanheatislandeffect. B.Developingpicturesshotbythesatellite.C.Allowingthecityenvironmenttorevealitself. D.paringthegreenuptimeinsamplecities.10.Whichofthefollowingelementscontributestotreesturninggreenearlier?A.Streetlamps. B.Watercycle. C.Roadsigns. D.Plantpollinators.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Deepen. B.Develop. C.Relieve. D.Realize.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿，解释了研究开展的过程，以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Treesdon’tlookatthecalendartoseewhenspringarrives,buttheyseemtoknowwhenspringisherebetterthanwedo.Theannualshiftfromwintertospringisabreathtakingeventtowatchasleavesbeegreenandalush(苍翠的)environmentrevealsitself.Recentlyaresearchtakesalookatwhytreesincitiesareturninggreenearlierthanexpected.(树木不看日历看春天什么时候来，但它们似乎比我们更清楚春天什么时候来。每年冬去春来，看着树叶变绿，郁郁葱葱的环境展现出来，这是一件令人惊叹的事情。最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿)”结合文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿，解释了研究开展的过程，以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。可推知，文章的目的是解释为什么城市里的树变绿得早。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Byparingspringgreenupsinthe85largestUScities,scientistsfoundthatonaveragetreesstarttoturngreenninedaysearlierincitiesduetothebinedeffectofartificiallightsandurbanheateffect.(通过比较美国85个最大城市的春季绿化情况，科学家发现，由于人工照明和城市热效应的共同作用，城市树木平均提前9天开始变绿)”可知，科学家们通过比较样本城市的绿化时间进行研究。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Accordingtothefindings,oneofthereasonsistheartificiallight.Citylightsbrighteningthenightskies,billboardsignslituponroadwaysandcarheadlightsallcontributetoshiftingtheregulardaytonightcyclethatplantsandtreesrelyon.(根据研究结果，其中一个原因是人造光。城市的灯光照亮了夜空，道路上的广告牌和汽车的前灯都有助于改变植物和树木所依赖的正常的昼夜循环)”可知，路灯导致树木提早变绿。故选A。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Withalongergrowingseason,treeswouldbeabletoabsorbmorecarbondioxide(随着生长季节的延长，树木将能够吸收更多的二氧化碳)”以及画线词上文“Hopefullythey’dhavealongerperiodtodothecoolingeffectthatcanhelp”和后文“theurbanheatingeffectincities”可知，随着生长季节的延长，树木将能够吸收更多的二氧化碳，所以它们能有更长的时间来产生冷却效果，这有助于缓解城市的温室效应。故画线词意思是“缓解”。故选C。DNostalgia(怀旧)hasbeeincreasinglymoninthecurrentaccelerated,unexpectedchanges.MoreandmoreAmericansareturningbackwithlongingtowhatfeelslikesimpler,sweetertimes.Theycollectcassettetapes,manualtypewriters,evendecadesoldvideogames.Isitamistaketomissthepast?Somepsychologistswarnthattoomuchdevotiontothesocalledgoodolddaysisanescapefromreality;itsuggestslonelinessorthatapersonishavingadifficulttimecopinginthepresent.PsychologistStephanieCoontzarguesthatnostalgiadistractsusfromaddressingtheproblemsofmodernlifeandcontributestoanxiety,depression,sleeplessness,etc.Butnewstudiessuggestthatamodestamountofnostalgiaisnotonlyharmless,butactuallybeneficial.Theysuggestithelpsstrengthenoursenseofidentityandmakesusfeelmoreoptimisticandinspired.Itisalsoatoolforselfdiscoveryandmemoriesareapsychologicalresponsewhenyouwanttotakeabreakfromnegativity.Recallingourchildhoodremindsusof“thetimeswhenwewereacceptedandlovedunconditionally,”saysKrystineBatcho,apsychologist.“Thatissuchapowerfulfort,knowingthattherewasatimeinlifewhenwedidn’thavetoearnourlove.”Nostalgiacanturneventhemostordinarypastintolegendswhichwarmstheheartandthebody.Let’snotforgetthatnostalgiahasbeenasourceofinspirationtocountlessAmericanwriters.MarkTwainrecalledhisboyhood,writing,“Afteralltheseyears,Icanpicturethatoldtimetomyselfnow,justasitwasthen.”Sogoahead,daydreamalittleaboutyourbestchildhoodfriend,alonggonefamilypet,etc.AsDr.Sedikidessays,“Nostalgiaisabsolutelycentraltohumanexperience.”Butatthesametime,keepthesewordsofwisdomfromthegreatinventorCharlesKetteringinmindaswell:“Youcan’thaveabettertomorrowifyouarethinkingaboutyesterdayallthetime.”12.HowisnostalgiaviewedbythepsychologistsinParagraph2?A.Itmightleaveapersoninlowspirits.B.Itsuggestslonelinesssufferedinthepast.C.Itsavespeoplefromdullrealitytemporarily.D.Ithelpstosolvetheproblemsinmodernlife.13.WhataspectofnostalgiaisdiscussedinParagraph3?A.Itsreasons. B.Itsbenefits.C.Itssideeffects. D.Itsworkingprinciples.14.WhyisMarkTwainmentionedinthepassage?A.Hehadastrongsenseofidentity.B.Hetookpicturesofthegoodolddays.C.HeisanexampleofbeingobsessedwiththepastD.Hedrewinspirationfromnostalgiaforhisworks.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsnostalgia?A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Indifferent,【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在当今日新月异的社会中，怀旧变得越来越普遍，不同的心理学家对此发表了不同的看法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Somepsychologistswarn”和“PsychologistStephanieCoontzarguesthatnostalgiadistractsusfromaddressingtheproblemsofmodernlifeandcontributestoanxiety,depression,sleeplessness,etc.(心理学家StephanieCoontz认为，怀旧会分散我们解决现代生活问题的注意力，并导致焦虑、抑郁、失眠等)”可推知，心理学家对怀旧持消极的观点，认为怀旧可能让人情绪低落。故选A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段首句“Butnewstudiessuggestthatamodestamountofnostalgiaisnotonlyharmless,butactuallybeneficial.(但新的研究表明，适度的怀旧不仅无害，而且实际上有益)”可知，首句为本段的主题句，即怀旧有好处。再根据接下来的内容可知，本段主要讨论的是怀旧的益处。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Let’snotforgetthatnostalgiahasbeenasourceofinspirationtocountlessAmericanwriters.(我们不要忘记，怀旧一直是无数美国作家的灵感来源)”并结合接下来提到的MarkTwain的例子可推知，提到MarkTwain是为了证明前面的观点，即他从怀旧中为自己的作品吸取灵感。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章中的“Somepsychologistswarnthat”“PsychologistStephanieCoontzarguesthat”“newstudiessuggestthat”“saysKrystineBatcho”“Dr.Sedikidessays”等信息可知，在针对怀旧的讨论上，作者从头至尾都在引用其他人和研究的观点，并没有从个人角度发表意见。由此推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplewithabinedloveofreadingandwritingwanttobeebookreviewers.____16____Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiploma,oroftenacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.AnEnglishdegreeandawritingdegreearealsopopularchoicesforprofessionalbookreviewers.Itgenerallytakesmuchpatiencetobeeabookreviewer.It’simportanttolearnmuchaboutbookreviewingbeforehand.Readasmanybookreviewsaspossibletogetasenseforthetoneandcontentfoundinthereviews.Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritics.____17____Ifyouwanttobeeabookreviewer,it’simportanttodeterminewhattypeofbookyouwishtoreview.Mostbookreviewersfocusononespecifictype.____18____Whichevertypeyouwanttoreview,youshouldtrulyenjoyreadingit,andberelativelyknowledgeableaboutmonthemesandplotmethods.____19____Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavesamples.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanysamplepieces.Itmaybeeasiertostartwritingforauniversitynewspaperwhilestillincollege,orforalocalnewspaper.Anotheroptionistowritereviewsandpostthemonablog.Thus,youprepareyourselfforbeingabookreviewer,Mostbookreviewersarefreelancewriterswhoarepaidperpiece,iftheyarepaidatall.____20____Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.Likeanyotherfreelancewritingcareer,itcanbedifficulttogetstarted,butitwon’tbelongforsomeonewhoreallyenjoysdoingthat.A.Andthesalarycanbehigh.B.Itcanbehistoricalfiction,oranythingelse.C.Somesimplywritebookreviewsonavolunteerbasis.D.Interestingly,therearedifferenttypesofbookreviewers.E.It’simpossibletobeeareviewerwithoutwritingsomereviews.F.Bookreviewsaretraditionallylessformalparedwithbookcritics.G.Therearenospecificeducationalrequirementsforbeingbookreviewers.【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成为一名书评人。【16题详解】根据空后的内容“Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiploma,oroftenacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.AnEnglishdegreeandawritingdegreearealsopopularchoicesforprofessionalbookreviewers.(但是大多数人至少有高中文凭，或者通常是文学或相关领域的大学学位。英语学位和写作学位也是专业书评人的热门选择。)”可知，下文主要讲述的想要成为一名书评人需要一定的教育背景以及专业要求。选项G“Therearenospecificeducationalrequirementsforbeingbookreviewers.(成为书评人没有特定的教育背景要求。)”与空后的“but”相一致，指的是成为书评人没有特定的教育背景，但是通常需要一点教育背景。故选G。【17题详解】根据空前内容“Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritics.(评，了解书评的基调和内容。记住，书评和批判书有点不同。)”可知，作者认为书评和批判书是有不同之处的。选项F“Bookreviewsaretraditionallylessformalparedwithbookcritics(与专业评书人相比，书评在传统上不那么正式。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是两者之间的区别。故选F。【18题详解】根据空前内容“Ifyouwanttobeeabookreviewer,it’simportanttodeterminewhattypeofbookyouwishtoreview.Mostbookreviewersfocusononespecifictype.(如果你想成为一名书评人，确定你想要评论的书的类型是很重要的。大多数书评人只关注一种特定的类型。)”可知，想要成为书评人，最好能确定自己想要评论的书的类型。选项B“Itcanbehistoricalfiction,oranythingelse.(可以是历史小说，也可以是别的什么。)”指的正是选择自己喜欢的书的类型与上文内容一致。故选B【19题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavesamples.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanysamplepieces.Itmaybeeasiertostartwritingforauniversitynewspaperwhilestillincollege,orforalocalnewspaper.Anotheroptionistowritereviewsandpostthemonablog.Thus,youprepareyourselfforbeingabookreviewer.(即使评论从未发表，有样本也是很重要的。大多数编辑不会雇用没有任何样本文章的书评人。在大学期间开始为校报或当地报纸撰写文章可能更容易。另一个选择是撰写评论并将其发布在博客上。因此，你要为成为一名书评人做好准备。)”可知，作者认为想要成为书评人，就要练习书评。选项E“It’simpossibletobeeareviewerwithoutwritingsomereviews.(不写评论就不可能成为书评人。)”符合本段主要内容，故选E。【20题详解】根据空前内容“Mostbookreviewersarefreelancewriterswhoarepaidperpiece,iftheyarepaidatall.(大多数书评人都是按稿酬的自由撰稿人，如果他们有稿酬的话。)”本段内容设计书评人的类型。选项C“Somesimplywritebookreviewsonavolunteerbasis.(一些人只是在志愿者的基础上写书评。)”指的是有些书评人是志愿做书评，不会有报酬。与下文内容“Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.(作为交换，他们将收到免费的书评，有时会在出版日期之前。)”一致。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BudhaMagar,wholostbothofhislegs,hopestobeethefirstdoubleabovethekneeamputee(截肢者)toclimbQomolangma.Thoughhewillbe____21____withspeciallegs,the43yearoldwillessentiallybecrawlingupQomolangmausinghis____22____.Heestimatesitwilltakehimthreetimeslongerthanablebodiedclimberstoreachthesummit,thoughheis____23____hewillbefasterthanaverageontheladdersectionsbecauseofhissuperiorupperbodystrength.Indeed,movingupwithoutkneesis____24____hard.Magar,aninfectiously____25____andcheerfulman,describeshiswalkinggestureas“likeapenguin”.Inaninterview,hejokesaboutthe____26____oflivingwithoutlegslike“nosmellysocks”.Aswellaspushinghisownbody,hewantstochange____27____aboutdisability.“Evennow,disabledpeopleareviewedas‘theburdenoftheearth’,”hesays.In2010,suddenlylegless,hespentatleast18months____28____,drinkingtoomuch,beforeacharityofferedhimthe____29____togoskydiving.“Thatwasabigturningpoint,especiallyformyconfidence,”hesays.“AndwhenI____30____thegroundIrealisedwithoutlegsIcandomanythings.”Herealisedthatitwashismindasmuchashisbodyholdinghimback:“Ididn’tknowhow____31____themindis.Ifwesetourminds,ourbodywill____32____.”Hebegandoingsports—rockclimbing,golf,tabletennis—beforesettinghissightsonmountaineering.Beforelong,achildhooddreamtoclimbQomolangma____33____,andhebegantraininginearnest.Successontheworld’shighestmountaincanneverbe____34____,buthisexpeditionbeliefillustrateshismindset:nolegs,no____35____.21.A.equipped B.guided C.linked D.filled22.A.legs B.hands C.imagination D.ambition23.A.confident B.curious C.fortunate D.content24.A.rarely B.slightly C.casually D.significantly25.A.curious B.polite C.patient D.optimistic26.A.rights B.fort C.advantages D.freedom27.A.fear B.views C.concerns D.sympathy28.A.awkward B.ashamed C.depressed D.exhausted29.A.chance B.message C.direction D.ability30.A.escapedfrom B.headedoff C.movedaround D.landedon31.A.powerful B.dangerous C.confusing D.strange32.A.recover B.follow C.relax D.relieve33.A.faded B.wandered C.resurfaced D.changed34.A.simplified B.guaranteed C.clarified D.recorded35.A.courage B.respect C.limits D.dreams【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.D26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.A32.B33.C34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是BudhaMagar是一位截肢者，但是他想成为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的截肢者，以此改变人们对残疾人的看法。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他将配备特殊的腿，但43岁的他基本上是用手爬上珠穆朗玛峰的。A.equipped装备；B.guided指导；C.linked连接；D.filled填满。根据上文“BudhaMagar,wholostbothofhislegs”可知，他没有了双腿，所以要装上特殊的腿。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他将配备特殊的腿，但43岁的他基本上是用手爬上珠穆朗玛峰的。A.legs腿；B.hands手；C.imagination想象；D.ambition雄心。根据上文“crawlingup”可知，他用手爬上珠穆朗玛峰。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他估计自己要比身体健全的登山者多花三倍的时间才能登顶，不过他相信自己在爬梯子的时候会比一般人快，因为他的上肢力量更强。A.confident自信的；B.curious好奇的；C.fortunate幸运的；D.content满足的。根据下文“becauseofhissuperiorupperbodystrength”可知，因为他的上肢力量更强，所以他相信自己在爬梯子的时候会比一般人快，空格处意为“自信的”。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，没有膝盖向上移动是非常困难的。A.rarely很少；B.slightly稍微；C.casually随意地；D.significantly显著地。根据上文“Indeed,movingupwithoutknees”和常识可知，没有膝盖向上移动是非常困难的，空格处用significantly表程度深。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Magar是一个极富感染力的乐观开朗的人，他形容自己走路的姿势“像企鹅一样”。A.curious好奇的；B.polite有礼貌的；C.patient耐心的；D.optimistic乐观的。根据下文“hejokesaboutthe___6__oflivingwithoutlegslike“nosmellysocks””可知，Magar很乐观。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次采访中，他开玩笑说没有腿的生活有很多好处，比如“没有臭袜子”。A.rights权利；B.fort安慰；C.advantages好处；D.freedom自由。根据下文“nosmellysocks”可知，他开玩笑说没有腿的生活有很多好处。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了推动自己的身体，他还想改变人们对残疾的看法。A.fear害怕；B.views看法；C.concerns担忧；D.sympathy同情。根据下文“Evennow,disabledpeopleareviewedas‘theburdenoftheearth’”可知，他想改变人们对残疾的看法。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2010年，他突然失去了双腿，至少有18个月的时间很沮丧，酗酒，直到一家慈善机构给了他去跳伞的机会。A.awkward尴尬的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.depressed沮丧的；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据上文“suddenlylegless”和下文“drinkingtoomuch”可知，突然失去了双腿，他很沮丧。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2010年，他突然失去了双腿，至少有18个月的时间很沮丧，酗酒，直到一家慈善机构给了他去跳伞的机会。A.chance机会；B.message信息；C.direction方向；D.ability能力。根据下文“togoskydiving”可知，一家慈善机构给了他去跳伞的机会。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我降落在地面上时，我意识到没有腿我可以做很多事情。A.escapedfrom从……逃跑；B.headedoff阻止；C.movedaround走来走去；D.landedon降落于。根据下文“thegroundIrealisedwithoutlegsIcandomanythings”可知，当他降落在地面上时，他意识到没有腿他可以做很多事情。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道思想有多么强大。A.powerful强大的；B.dan