【解析】安徽省宣城市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题

宣城市20192020学年度第二学期高一期末调研测试英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回4.本卷命题范围：必修3和必修4.第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What'stheman'ssuggestion?A.Makingthereservation.B.Continuingwaitinghere.C.Goingtoanotherrestaurant.2.WhatwillPeterdofirst?A.Gohome.B.Dohishomework.C.Buysomecandy.3.WhatdoesthewomanaskMiketodo?A.Brushhisteeth.B.Savewater.C.Drinksomewater.4.Whydoesthemanseeminlowspirits?A.Hehasbeensickthisweek.B.Hemissedhisfavoritemovies.C.Hegotlittlesleepthesedays.5.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Theman'shealth.B.Theman'scookingskill.C.Theman'ssafetyinMexico.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehasabackache.B.Hetooktoomanypills.CHelostcontactwithhisdoctor.7.WhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheman?A.Heisverypolite.B.Heisseriouslyill.C.Hecan'taffordafullcheckup.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman'sclassmate.B.Annie'ssister.C.Annie'sroommate.9.WhatdoesthemanwanttotellAnnie?A.Hisnewaddress.B.Hisvisit.C.Hotelinformation.10.HowcanAnniegetintouchwiththeman?A.GotoRoom668theTerminalHotel.B.Dialthephonenumber4934975.C.Sendhimanurgentmessage.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodotoday?A.Attendaparty.B.Studytogether.C.Seeafilm.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:15.B.At4:30.C.At4:45.13.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthebookstore.B.Atanicecreamshop.C.Attheschoolgate.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Apoliceman.B.Afirefighter.C.Ajournalist.15.Howmanykidsdiedfromthefire?A.2.B.5.C.28.16.Wheredidtheboythrowthecigaretteend?A.Onthecarpet.B.Onthesofa.C.Onthetable.17.Whywastheboyabletotouchthecigaretteend?A.Hisfatheraskedhimtothrowit.B.Hisfatherwasdrunkandsleeping.C.Hisfatherlefthimaloneathome.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howcanfrozenfoodbekeptcoldatordinarytemperatures?A.Byusingbags.B.Byusingwater.C.Byusingpaper.19.Whatisadvisedtodowhencamping?A.Keepmilkinacoolerbox.B.Nevercookmeatoreggs.C.Usespecialdryfoods.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtopickupfreshfood.B.Howtoeathealthilyindifferentweather.C.Howtokeepfoodfromgoingbadinsummer.第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AATreeGrowsinBrooklyn,byBettySmithATreeGrowsinBrooklynwasn'tanewbookwhenmymotherwasyoung.It'sthestoryofFrancieNolanstrugglingupinatenementslum(贫民区)throughthecracksinthepavementtoreachthesun.ItmaybethebestbookI'veeverreadaboutpoverty,parenthood,theimmigrantexperience,andjustabouteverythingelse.MyfirstborndaughterisnamedFrancieNolan.Tobuy:$18,amazon.TheMalteseFalcon,byDashiellHammettMyalltimepersonalfavorite.Ilovethisbook,allofit:theplot,thecharacters,thedialogue,muchofwhichwasliftedverbatim(逐字逐句地)byJohnHustonforhisscreenplayforthebelovedmovieofthesamename.Thesinglebestmonologueinfictionappearstowardtheend,whenSamSpadetellsBrigidO'Shaughnessywhyhe'sgivinghertothepolice.Tobuy:$14,amazon.Gilead,byMarilynneRobinsonOhsohardtochoose!ButI'llgowithGilead.Anupliftingtaleofloveinitsmanyforms,toldinastyleinwhicheverywordisperfect.Ajoyousread.Tobuy:$15amazon.FarFromtheTree:Parents,ChildrenandtheSearchforIdentity,byAndrewSolomonIfyouthink700pagesonthemanywaysinwhichunusualkids(autistic,deaf,criminal,genius)canstretch(延伸)theirfamilies'conception(理解)oflovedoesn'tsoundlikesummertimereading,FarFromtheTree:Parents,ChildrenandtheSearchforIdentitywillteachyouotherwise.Tobuy:$37.50,amazon.1.WhatisspecialaboutTheMalteseFalcon?A.Itcan'tbeboughtonline. B.Itwasmadeintoafilm.C.It'sabouthowtobeaparent. D.Ittellshowtotreattheloved.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayforoneFarFromtheTreeandoneGilead?A.$52.50. B.$29. C.$32. D.$55.50.3.Whichofthefollowingtellsushowtogetalongwellwithourfamily?A.GileadB.TheMalteseFalcon.C.ATreeGrowsinBrooklyn.D.FarFromtheTree:Parents,ChildrenandtheSearchforIdentity.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书，包括其内容简介和价格等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheMalteseFalcon部分中Ilovethisbook,allofit:theplot,thecharacters,thedialogue,muchofwhichwasliftedverbatim(逐字逐句地)byJohnHustonforhisscreenplayforthebelovedmovieofthesamename.可知我喜欢这本书，所有的一切：情节、人物、对白，其中很多内容都是JohnHuston为他心爱的同名电影所写的剧本逐字摘录的。由此可知，这本书已经被拍成电影。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Gilead部分中Tobuy:$15,amazon.(亚马逊15美元购买)以及FarFromtheTree部分中Tobuy:$37.50,amazon.(亚马逊37.50美元购买)由此可知，FarFromtheTree和Gilead一共需要15+37.5=52.5美元。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Ifyouthink700pagesonthemanywaysinwhichunusualkids(autistic,deaf,criminal,genius)canstretch(延伸)theirfamilies'conception(理解)oflovedoesn'tsoundlikesummertimereading,FarFromtheTree:Parents,ChildrenandtheSearchforIdentitywillteachyouotherwise.可知如果你认为700页的篇幅讲述了不同寻常的孩子（自闭症、聋哑人、罪犯、天才）如何延伸他们家庭的爱的理解，听起来不像是暑期读物，那么FarFromtheTree:Parents,Children和theSearchforIdentity会告诉你另外的东西。由此可知，FarFromtheTree:Parents,ChildrenandtheSearchforIdentity告诉我们如何与家人相处好。故选D。BEveryday,unemployedmengatherinJacksonHeights,Queens.Manyofthemarehomeless.Allofthemarehungry.Ataround9:30eachnight,Munoz'struckarrives,filledwithhotfood,coffeeandhotchocolate.Formorethanfouryears,Munozandhisfamilyhavebeenfeedingthoseinneedsevennightsaweek,365daysayear.MunozwasborninColombiaandhisfatherdiedinanaccidentwhenhewasyoung.WhenhismotherfounditdifficulttosupportMunozandhissister,shemadeherwaytoNewYork,findingworkinBrooklynasanurse.Asimmigrants(移民),theyoftensufferedstarvation.LaterMunozfoundajobasabusdriver.“WhenIseetheseguysonthestreet,it'slikeseeingme20yearsagowhenIcametothiscountry,”Munozrecalls.MunozbeganhismealprogramAnAngelinQueensinthesummerof2004.Withinafewmonths,Munozandhismotherwerepreparing20homecookedmealsdaily.Numbersgraduallyincreasedovertheyearsto35pernight,then60.Inrecentmonths,thatnumberhasjumpedtoasmanyas140mealsanight.Munozgetsuparound5:00a.m.todrivehisbusroute,andhecallshomeonhisbreakstoseehowthecookingisgoing.Whenhegetshomearound5:30p.m.—oftenstoppingtopickupfooddonationshehelpspackupmealsbeforeheadingoutto“hiscorner”inJacksonHeights.“Heesherewithoutfail,”saysoneofthemen.“Itcouldbecold,itcouldbereallyhot,buthe'shere.”WatchMunozinactioninQueens,NewYork.“IfIdon'tgo,I'mgoingtofeelbad,”hesays.“Iknowthey'regoingtobewaitingforme.”Munozestimates(估计)thatfoodandgascostapproximately$400to450aweek;heandhisfamilyarefundingtheoperationthroughtheirsavingsandhisweekly$700paycheck.Askedwhyhespendssomuchtimetohelppeoplehedoesn'tknow,heanswers,“Ihaveastablejob,mymom,myfamily,ahouseeverythingIwant,Ihave.Andtheseguysdon't”.SoIjustthink,'OK,Ihavethefood.Atleastfortodaythey'regoingtohaveamealtoeat.’”MunozwasnamedoneoftheCNNheroes.4.WhydidMunoz'smotherleaveColombiaforNewYork?A.BecauseMunoz'sfatherworkedinNewYork.B.BecausetheywerenotusedtothelifeinColombia.C.Becauseshecouldn'tsupportthefamilyinColombia.D.BecauseshewasborninNewYork.5.Asimmigrants,Munoz'sfamilyA.wereoftenhelpedbythegovernment B.oftenwenthungryC.werelookeddownupon D.wentbegginginthestreet6.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribeMunoz?A.Lucky. B.Kind. C.Adventurous. D.Devoted.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Abusdriverprovidedfreehomecookedmeals.B.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.C.Thegovernmenthelpedimmigrants.D.CNNheroeswereaskedtohelpimmigrants.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一名公共汽车司机Munoz和他家人尽全力帮助那些失业并且饥饿的人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中WhenhismotherfounditdifficulttosupportMunozandhissister,shemadeherwaytoNewYork,findingworkinBrooklynasanurse.可知当他的母亲发现很难养活Munoz和他的妹妹时，她去了纽约，在布鲁克林找到了一份护士的工作。由此可知，Munoz的母亲移民纽约是因为在哥伦比亚她无法支撑这个家了。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Asimmigrants(移民),theyoftensufferedstarvation.可知作为移民，他们经常挨饿。由此可知，作为移民，Munoz的家人经常挨饿。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Askedwhyhespendssomuchtimetohelppeoplehedoesn'tknow,heanswers,“Ihaveastablejob,mymom,myfamily,ahouseeverythingIwant,Ihave.Andtheseguys＂don't”.SoIjustthink,'OK,Ihavethefood.'Atleastfortodaythey'regoingtohaveamealtoeat.”可知当被问及为什么花这么多时间去帮助陌生人时，他回答:“我有一份稳定的工作，我妈妈，我的家庭，一所房子……我想要的，我都有。这些人没有。所以我就想，‘好吧，我有食物了，至少今天让他们能吃上饭。’”结合文章讲到Munoz花很长的时间尽其所能地去帮助别人，说明他是一个很善良的人。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中Everyday,unemployedmengatherinJacksonHeights,Queens.Manyofthemarehomeless.Allofthemarehungry.Ataround9:30eachnight,Munoz'struckarrives,filledwithhotfood,coffeeandhotchocolate.Formorethanfouryears,Munozandhisfamilyhavebeenfeedingthoseinneedsevennightsaweek,365daysayear.可知每天，失业的男人都聚集在皇后区的杰克逊高地。他们中的许多人无家可归。他们都饿了。每天晚上9点半左右，穆诺兹的卡车就会来，里面装满了热食物、咖啡和热巧克力。四年多来，穆诺兹和他的家人每年365天，每周7个晚上都在为那些需要帮助的人提供食物。结合文章主要讲述了Munoz是一名公共汽车司机，他和家人通过运送免费的家常菜来帮助那些失业且饥饿的人。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是一位巴士司机提供免费的家常饭。故选A。CTheBigBenislocatedinthetowerattheeasternendoftheHousesofParliament,Westminster,GreaterLondon.ItwasdesignedbyEdmundBeckettandBaronGrimthorpe.TheBigBenisveryfamousthroughouttheworld,butnobodyreallyknowswhyitiscalledBigBen.Therearetwohearsaysaboutthis.SomepeoplesaythatitwasnamedafterBenjaminCaunt,aboxer,whowascalledBigBen.MorepeoplebelieveitwascalledafterWelshman,SirBenjaminHall.Hewasthemissioner(特派员)oftheworkatthetimeofitsinstallationin1859.Astorywastoldthatduringadebateinthemonsonwhattocallthebell,SirBenjaminwasabouttogivehisideaswhenaMPwhosatbehindthefrontbenchshouted,“Let'scallitBigBen!”Thenthisnamecameintobeing.Thebellhasn'tgonethroughasmoothroadsincethebeginningofitsdesign.Becausetherewasgreatdisagreementaboutthedesignoftheclock.Ittookfifteenyearstobuild.In1857,thebellwaspletedandtestedontheground,butafourfootcrackappearedandthebellhadtobecastagain.Finally,theclockstartedtickingon31May,1859,andstruckitsfirstchime(报时)on11,July.TheninSeptember,thebellcrackedagain.Itwassilentforfouryearsbutwaseventuallyturnedaquarterofarevolution(旋转).Inthisway,thecrackwasnotunderthestrikinghammer.Craftsmenmadeasquareabovethecracktostopitgrowinglongeranditcanstillbeseentoday.TheBigBenisfamousnotonlyforits13tonweight,butalsoforitsaccuracy(准确性)whichisaresultofitsprecisemechanism(机械装置).Evenoneextrapenny'sweightonthebalancewillcauseagainoftwofifthsofasecondintwentyfourhours.Althoughtherehavebeenseveralproblems,thebellisstillstrikingtoday.ItschimescanbeheardallovertheworldontheB.B.C.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheBigBen?A.ItislocatedintheHousesofParliament. B.Itisthelargestandtallestclocktowerintheworld.C.Itiswellknownallovertheworld. D.Itistheheaviestclockintheworld.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thebellworkedwellatitsfirsttest.B.Theconstructionoftheclockwaslongbutnotsmooth.C.Theclockstartedtostrikechimeson31May,1859.D.Thecrackfinallydisappearedafteraquarterofarevolution10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainwhyBigBenisworldfamous?A.Accurateandheavy. B.Accurateandcolorful.C.Heavyandcolorful. D.Attractiveandaccurate.11.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.SirBenjaminHallwasafamousarchitectatthattime.B.Eventhetiniestextraweightonthebalancewillaffecttheclock'saccuracy.C.Thechimesoftheclockcouldbeheardallovertheworld.D.Theclockhasbeentickingeversince31May,1859.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。大本钟位于大伦敦区威斯敏斯特议会大厦东端的塔中。它是由EdmundBeckett和BaronGrimthorpe设计的。主要介绍了大本钟的得名和设计建造过程。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中TheBigBenisveryfamousthroughouttheworld,butnobodyreallyknowswhyitiscalledBigBen.可知大本钟在全世界都很有名，但是没有人真正知道它为什么被称为大本钟。由此可知，大本钟世界闻名。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Thebellhasn'tgonethroughasmoothroadsincethebeginningofitsdesign.Becausetherewasgreatdisagreementaboutthedesignoftheclock.Ittookfifteenyearstobuild.可知这个钟从设计之初就没有走过一条平坦顺利的道路。因为在时钟的设计上有很大的分歧。它花了15年的时间才建成。由此可知，这个钟的建造时间很长，而且不顺利。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中TheBigBenisfamousnotonlyforits13tonweight,butalsoforitsaccuracy(准确性)whichisaresultofitsprecisemechanism(机械装置).可知大本钟不仅因其13吨的重量而闻名，而且因其精密的机械装置而闻名于世。由此可知，大本钟闻名于世界是因为它的精确和重量。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Evenoneextrapenny'sweightonthebalancewillcauseagainoftwofifthsofasecondintwentyfourhours.可知哪怕多出一分钱的重量，也会在二十四小时内增加五分之二秒。由此可知，哪怕是最微小的额外重量也会影响大本钟的精度。故选B。DForthefirsttime,acausallinkhasbeenestablishedbetweenclimate(气候)changeandthetimingofanaturaleventtheappearanceofthemonbrownbutterfly.Althoughtherehavebeenstrongconnectionsbetweenglobalwarmingandchangesinthetimingofeventssuchasanimalmigrationandflowering,ithasbeenhardtoshowacauseandeffectlink.ThisiswhatMichaelKearneyandNatalieBriscoeoftheUniversityofMelbourne,Australia,havenowdone.TheresearchersparedtemperaturechangesinMelbournewherethebutterflyismonwithrecordedobservationsofthefirstbrownbutterflytobeseeninthespringsincethe1940s.Witheachofthepasttenyears,thebutterfliesappeared1.6daysearlierandMelbourneheatedby0.14℃.Overall,thebutterflynowappearsonaverage10.4daysbeforeitdidinthe1940s.Thepairareconfidentintherelationshipfortworeasons.First,theyplacedeggsofthebutterfly,inspecialboxeswheretemperaturecouldbecontrolledandfoundthateachlarvalstagehadadifferentresponsetowarmerthannormalconditions.Theegg,whichislaidinlatesummer,andthefirstlarvalstagedowellathightemperatures,saysKearney.Thesecondtothefifthstagesoccurinwinterandcan'tsurvivehightemperatures.Theknockoneffectisthatthelarvalpupatesearlierandthebutterflyappearssooner.Second,theymadeamathematicalmodelbiningthesephysiologicaleffectsoftemperatureondevelopmentwithclimatedata.Themodelpreciselymatchedtheobservedchangesinbutterflyemergencedate.TheresearchersusedseveralclimatemodelstofindoutwhatislikelytohavecausedtheriseinMelbourne'stemperature,andruledoutthepossibilitythatnaturalweathereventscouldaccountforthewarming.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweentheriseintemperatureandthebutterflyappearance?A.Theyarelinkedinadifficultway.B.Theyarerelatedinacauseandeffectway.C.Theyhaveadirectrelationshipwitheachother.D.Theyhavenoconnectionwitheachother.13.Whyweretheresearchersconfidentabouttheirfinding?A.Theyhadusedthemostadvancedequipmentintheworld.B.Theirfindinggotsupportfromthetextbooks.C.Theresultsoftheirstudyisbasedonexpertjudgement.D.Theirexperimentprovedtheirpreviousguessing.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"Theknockoneffect"inparagraph4mean?A.Theeffectcausedbythethingthathappenedbefore.B.Theeffectofthingsthathappenedatthesametime.C.Theeffectofonethingcausingtheotherlongafter.D.Theeffectofonethingcausingtheotherquickly.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.TheexactreasonforMelbourne'stemperatureriseisveryclear.B.Climatemodelscannotexactlyshowclimatechangeinhistory.C.Thetimingofthebutterflyappearancewillbeearlierwithincreasedwarming.D.Theriseintemperaturedecidesthepossibilityofnaturalweatherevents.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着气候的改变，动物的习性也会有所改变。蝴蝶出现得比以往早，就是因为气候变暖。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Forthefirsttime,acausallinkhasbeenestablishedbetweenclimate(气候)changeandthetimingofanaturaleventtheappearanceofthemonbrownbutterfly.可知这是第一次在气候变化和自然事件——普通棕蝶的出现——发生的时间之间建立了因果关系。由此可知，温度的上升和蝴蝶的出现有因果关系。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Witheachofthepasttenyears,thebutterfliesappeared1.6daysearlierandMelbourneheatedby0.14℃.Overall,thebutterflynowappearsonaverage10.4daysbeforeitdidinthe1940s.(在过去的十年里，蝴蝶的出现时间每年提前1.6天，墨尔本气温也升高了0.14℃。总的来说，现在的蝴蝶平均出现时间比20世纪40年代早了10.4天)以及第四段内容Thepairareconfidentintherelationshipfortworeasons.First,theyplacedeggsofthebutterfly,inspecialboxeswheretemperaturecouldbecontrolledandfoundthateachlarvalstagehadadifferentresponsetowarmerthannormalconditions.Theegg,whichislaidinlatesummer,andthefirstlarvalstagedowellathightemperatures,saysKearney.Thesecondtothefifthstagesoccurinwinterandcan'tsurvivehightemperatures.Theknockoneffectisthatthelarvalpupatesearlierandthebutterflyappearssooner.Second,theymadeamathematicalmodelbiningthesephysiologicaleffectsoftemperatureondevelopmentwithclimatedata.Themodelpreciselymatchedtheobservedchangesinbutterflyemergencedate.可知他们之所以对自己的恋情充满信心，有两个原因。首先，他们把蝴蝶卵放在可以控制温度的特殊盒子里，发现每个幼虫阶段对温度比正常情况有不同的反应。科尔尼说，在夏末产下的卵和第一个幼虫阶段在高温下发育良好。第二到第五阶段发生在冬天，不能在高温下生存。撞击效应是幼虫蛹化得早，蝴蝶出现得早。其次，他们制作了一个数学模型，将温度对发育的这些生理影响与气候数据结合起来。这个模型与观察到的蝴蝶出现日期的变化非常吻合。由此可知，研究人员对他们的发现充满信心，是因为他们的实验证实了他们先前的猜测。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文thelarvalpupatesearlierandthebutterflyappearssooner.可知蚕化蛹比以往早，变成蝴蝶也比以前快，说明是指以前发生的事情所造成的影响。故划线部分意思是“以前发生的事情造成的影响”。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Witheachofthepasttenyears,thebutterfliesappeared1.6daysearlierandMelbourneheatedby0.14℃.Overall,thebutterflynowappearsonaverage10.4daysbeforeitdidinthe1940s.在过去的十年里，蝴蝶每年都会提前1.6天出现，墨尔本的温度上升了0.14摄氏度。总的来说，现在蝴蝶出现的平均时间比20世纪40年代提前了10.4天。由此判断出，蝴蝶出现的时间会随着气候变暖而提前。故选C。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theycameintothebakerywiththeirfather.Alittlebrotherandsisterbothwereveryrespectfulandreceptivetothemanwhoheldthedooropenforthem.___16___WhenIreceivedmychange,Igaveeachofthem￡landexplainedthatIwassoimpressedwiththeirgoodmanners.___17___Hethankedmeagainandagainformyreward.Heallowedthemtotakethemoney.IleftthebakeryandasIwasingoutofanothershopIranintothemagain,eachcarefullycarryingtheirlittletreatinalittlebakerybagsothatitdidnotgetdamaged.___18___AsIsmiledbackandwalkedtomycarIthoughtoftheireagernesstorelaythiseventtoMum.Asimpleactofkindnessstartedwiththemanwhoheldthebakerydooropen.___19___Weareheretoloveandserveeachother.___20___Letthekindnessspread!A.Whoknowswherethewaveswilllead.B.Theirdadwasnotbuyingpastries,onlybread.C.Theywavedtomeandsmiled;wewerenowfriends.D.Theirupbeat"thankyou"reallymadeanimpressiononme.E.Thoughtheywerepoorlydressedtheywerekindtoallthecustomersaround.F.Theycarriedallthegoodscarefullyandwalkedjoyfullywithallhappysmiles.G.Wesurelywillallowthispositiveeffecttomovethroughusintothelivesofothers.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.A20.G【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述在购物时“我”遇见了非常有礼貌的一家人，“我”把零钱给了两个孩子，以表扬他们的礼貌。作者文末总结到，爱心是可以传递的。【16题详解】根据下文提示“Igaveeachofthem£1andexplainedthatIwassoimpressedwiththeirgoodmanners”“我给了他们每人1英镑，并解释说他们的彬彬有礼给我留下了深刻印象。”可知，他们的礼貌给“我”留下了深刻的印象。由此推知，D项Theirupbeat"thankyou"reallymadeanimpressiononme.（他们欢快的“谢谢”真的给我留下了深刻的印象。）承接下文。符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据第一段第一句Theycameintothebakerywiththeirfather.“他们和父亲一起走进面包店。”可知，父亲和孩子来买东西。下文提示“Hethankedmeagainandagainformyreward.Heallowedthemtotakethemoney.”“他因我的奖赏而再三感谢我。他让他们拿了钱。”可知，此空在讲述他们的父亲买的东西。由此推知，B项Theirdadwasnotbuyingpastries,onlybread.（他们的父亲并没有买糕点，只是买了面包。）符合语境。。下文中的he指代的是该项中的Theirdad。故选B。【18题详解】根据下文提示“AsIsmiledback”可知，他们朝着“我”微笑。由此推知，C项Theywavedtomeandsmiled;wewerenowfriends.（他们向我挥手微笑，我们现在是朋友了。）承接下文。符合语境。关键词是smiled，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文提示“Asimpleactofkindnessstartedwiththemanwhoheldthebakerydooropen.”“一个简单的善举从打开面包店门的人开始。”可知，一个小小的善举会带来如此美妙的感受。由此推知，A项Whoknowswherethewaveswilllead.（谁知道海浪会把你引向何方。）承接上文。符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文提示“Letthekindnessspread!”可知，作者希望积极的效应会通过我们传播到其他人的生活中。由此推知，G项Wesurelywillallowthispositiveeffecttomovethroughusintothelivesofothers.（我们一定会让这种积极的影响通过我们进入到别人的生活中。）符合语境。该项中的throughusintothelivesofothers和下文中的spread相吻合。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thepast6monthshavebeenonegreatchallenge.Aclosefriendofmine,Joanne,___21___theendofherlife.Sheknewit,andinsteadofregrettingandcrying,she___22___itandasshediedlastweekIthoughtofhowashootingstar___23___sobrightlyasittrailstheuniverse,rightbeforeit___24___.Itwasagreat___25___tohaveherpanythesepastmonths.Oneofthelastthingssheaskedmewastofindanorganization___26___womeningoutofprison,to___27___herbusinessclothingtothemforjobinterviews.Wefoundsucha___28___hereinRaleigh,NCwhereIlive.Ididn'tknowthe___29___forit,butthisiscalleda"Reentry"serviceorprogramandmanycountriesand____30____havethemallovertheworld.I____31____herdonationbeforeshedied,andsomehowthoughtaboutdoingaclothingdrive____32____Joanne'slifeandinvitingotherstogiftclothingto____33____morepeopleattheprogram.Well,I'mso____34____tosharethatitwentreallywell.Wehadalotof____35____fillingthejoyfulbusinessclothesformenandwomen.Itdidn't____36____anythingbutgas,timeandlove.Afewphonecalls,socialmediaposts,texts,andthebeautifulthingis____37____sheisgone,Ifeltlikewedidit____38____.Mydearmotherhelpedmetoo,anditfeltsogoodto____39____somethinginspiredbyJoanne'slifefor____40____blessingapopulationofpeoplethatmostoftenisoverlooked.21.A.escaped B.approached C.forgot D.lost22.A.hated B.admired C.refused D.accepted23.A.shines B.disappears C.fades D.occurs24.A.setsout B.esout C.goesout D.turnsout25.A.fortune B.pity C.opportunity D.success26.A.attracting B.forcing C.protecting D.supporting27.A.destroy B.throw C.provide D.collect28.A.method B.program C.challenge D.behaviour29.A.period B.change C.term D.meaning30.A.partners B.members C.mittees D.cities31.A.researched B.discovered C.inspired D.sent32.A.onbehalfof B.inhonorof C.insteadof D.inspiteof33.A.help B.educate C.persuade D.guide34.A.expressed B.tired C.excited D.expected35.A.pleasures B.treasures C.donations D.belongings36.A.save B.cost C.breath D.waste37.A.eventhough B.asif C.incase D.nowthat38.A.together B.forever C.perfectly D.immediately39.A.remember B.value C.notice D.organize40.A.kindness B.encouragement C.concern D.ignorance【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.C30.D31.D32.B33.A34.C35.C36.B37.A38.A39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的朋友Joanne上周去世了，作者继承朋友的遗愿——寻找援助出狱女子的组织—并付诸行动。最终作者体会到了帮助易忽视人群的意义。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一位密友Joanne接近了生命的尽头。A.escaped逃跑；B.approached靠近；C.forgot忘记；D.lost失去。联系下文shediedlastweek可知，作者的朋友Joanne接近生命的尽头。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道这一点，但她没有后悔和哭泣，而是接受了这一点。当上周她去世的时候，我想到一颗流星在它熄灭之前，是如何在宇宙中划过明亮的光芒。A.hated憎恨；B.admired钦佩；C.refused拒绝；D.accepted接受。根据上文Sheknewit,andinsteadofregrettingandcrying可知，Joanne对于死亡不是充满怨恨和悲泣，而是接受了它。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道这一点，但她没有后悔和哭泣，而是接受了这一点。当上周她去世的时候，我想到一颗流星在它熄灭之前，是如何在宇宙中划过明亮的光芒。A.shines闪耀；B.disappears消失；C.fades褪色；D.occurs发生。结合上文sobrightlyasittrailstheuniverse可知，Joanne像星星一样闪耀地划过宇宙。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她知道这一点，但她没有后悔和哭泣，而是接受了这一点。当上周她去世的时候，我想到一颗流星在它熄灭之前，是如何在宇宙中划过明亮的光芒。A.setsout出发；B.esout出版；C.goesout熄灭，出去；D.turnsout结果是。依据上文shediedlastweekIthoughtofhowashootingstar43sobrightlyasittrailstheuniverse可知，她像星星一样闪耀地划过宇宙，而后熄灭。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几个月里有她的陪伴真是太幸运了。A.fortune运气，财富；B.pity遗憾；C.opportunity机会；D.success成功。根据下文haveherpanythesepastmonths可知，有Joanne数月的陪伴是莫大的运气。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让我做的最后一件事就是找一个支持出狱女性的组织，为她们提供工作面试时穿的职业装。A.attracting吸引；B.forcing迫使；C.protecting保护；D.supporting支持。从下文herbusinessclothingtothemforjobinterviews可知，这个组织捐助女子衣物，是为出狱女子提供支持和援助的组织。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让我做的最后一件事就是找一个支持出狱女性的组织，为她们提供工作面试时穿的职业装。A.destroy破坏；B.throw扔；C.provide提供；D.collect收集。根据上文提到这个组织是帮助出狱女子的和下文businessclothingtothemforjobinterviews可知，这个组织为女子们提供面试所需的衣物。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在我居住的北卡罗来纳州罗利发现了这样一个项目。A.method方法；B.program项目；C.challenge挑战；D.behaviour行为。联系上文Joanne要求作者寻找援助出狱女子的组织和下文butthisiscalleda'Reentry'serviceorprogram可知，作者找到了这样的项目。故选B。29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它的名称，但这被称为“Reentry”服务或计划，世界上很多国家和城市都有。A.period时期；B.change改变；C.term术语，名称；D.meaning意义。联系下文“butthisiscalleda'Reentry'serviceorprogram”可得知，作者不知道它的术语是什么。term意思是“术语；名称”。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它的名称，但这被称为“Reentry”服务或计划，世界上很多国家和城市都有。A.partners伙伴；B.members成员；C.mittees委员会；D.cities城市。从下文“allovertheworld”可知，Reentry遍布世界各地，且与前面的countries相呼应，故选D。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她去世前，我把她的捐款寄出去了，不知怎么的，我想做一个募捐活动来纪念Joanne的一生，并邀请其他人捐赠衣物来帮助这个项目中更多的人。A.researched研究；B.discovered发现；C.inspired鼓舞；D.sent寄出。依据上文作者他们找到了援助出狱女子的组织可知，作者在朋友Joanne去世之前将她的捐赠寄了出去。故选D。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在她去世前，我把她的捐款寄出去了，不知怎么的，我想做一个募捐活动来纪念Joanne的一生，并邀请其他人捐赠衣物来帮助这个项目中更多的人。A.onbehalfof代表；B.inhonorof为纪念；C.insteadof而不是；D.inspiteof尽管。根据全文，作者帮助出狱女子的始因是因为Joanne的要求，因此作者想到开展募集衣物的活动来纪念Joanne。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她去世前，我把她的捐款寄出去了，不知怎么的，我想做一个募捐活动来纪念Joanne的一生，并邀请其他人捐赠衣物来帮助这个项目中更多的人。A.help帮助；B.educate教育；C.persuade说服；D.guide指导。联系空前invitingotherstogiftclothing可知，作者去邀请更多的人捐赠衣服去帮助易忽视人群。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我很兴奋地告诉大家，一切都很顺利。A.expressed直接的；B.tired疲惫的；C.excited激动的；D.expected预期的。结合下文itwentreallywell可知，捐助进行得很顺利，作者很激动。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有许多捐赠，里面装满了为男男女女准备了很多令人愉快的职业装。A.pleasures快乐；B.treasures宝物