Physiology智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下锦州医科大学

Physiology智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下锦州医科大学锦州医科大学

第一章测试

Therelativestabilizationofphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofinternalenvironmentiscalled（）

A:homeostasisB:reflexC:excitabilityD:hematocritE:hemostasis

答案:homeostasis

Theregularresponseoforganismtothestimulationunderthemediationofcentralnervoussystemiscalled（）

A:reflexB:actionC:excitabilityD:productionE:contract

答案:reflex

Thecharacteristicsofneuroregulationare（）

A:slow,diffuseandlongB:slow,diffuseandshortC:rapid,accurateandshortD:amplitudeandrangearesmallerE:rapid,accurateandlong

答案:rapid,accurateandshort

Thecharacteristicsofhumoralregulationare（）

A:slow,diffuseandshortB:amplitudeandrangearesmallerC:rapid,accurateandshortD:slow,diffuseandlongE:rapid,accurateandlong

答案:slow,diffuseandlong

Whichisfeed-forward?（）

A:defecationB:bloodcoagulationC:depressorreflexD:deliveryE:bodytemperatureincreasedbeforewinterswimming

答案:bodytemperatureincreasedbeforewinterswimming

Thyroidhormonesecretionincreasedisdueto___inacoldenvironment.（）

A:humoralregulationB:conductinformationC:autoregulationD:neurohumoralregulationE:neuroregulation

答案:neurohumoralregulation

Insulincanlowerbloodsugar,whichis（）

A:humoralregulationB:neuroregulationC:autoregulationD:positivefeedbackE:feed-forward

答案:humoralregulation

Whichoneispredominantinregulationofbodyfunctions?（）

A:autocrineregulationB:localhumoralregulationC:neuroregulationD:autoregulationE:systemichumoralregulation

答案:neuroregulation

Theinternalenvironmentis（）

A:extracellularfluidB:intracellularfluidC:bloodD:interstitialfluidE:bodyfluid

答案:extracellularfluid

Whichispositivefeedbackinthefollowingphenomena?（）

A:pulmonarystretchreflexB:depressorreflexC:tendonreflexD:musculartensionE:micturitionreflex

答案:micturitionreflex

第二章测试

Themannerthatoxygenenterintothecellis（）

A:activetransportB:facilitateddiffusionC:exocytosisD:endocytosisE:simplediffusion

答案:simplediffusion

HowmanytheenergywillbeusedbyNa+pumpinacell?（）

A:60%-70%B:5%-10%C:30%-40%D:10%-20%E:20%-30%

答案:20%-30%

TheimbalancedistributionofNa+andK+insideandoutsidethecellitdueto_____.（）

A:theeffectofNa+pumpB:theincreaseofthepermeabilityofthecellmembranetoNa+whenexcitedC:thehighpermeabilityofcellmembranetoK+inrestconditionD:theeffectofATPE:theresultthatNa+andK+movingacrossthecellmembranebyfacilitateddiffusion

答案:theeffectofNa+pump

Theneurotransmitterattheneuromuscularjunctionis（）

A:adrenalineB:noradrenalineC:5-HTD:GABAE:ACh

答案:ACh

Duringtheabsoluterefractoryperiod,theexcitabilityoftissuesis（）

A:zeroB:infinityC:equaltothenormalD:lessthanthenormalE:greaterthanthenormal

答案:zero

TheamplitudeofAPoftheneuroniscloseto（）

A:K+equilibriumpotentialB:thedifferenceofRPandNa+equilibriumpotentialC:thesumofRPandNa+equilibriumpotentialD:overshootvalueE:Na+equilibriumpotential

答案:thedifferenceofRPandNa+equilibriumpotential

Ifthedurationofanactionpotentialofthemyelinatednervefiberlasts2ms，thenumberoftheactionpotentialspersecondcannotexceeds___intheory.（）

A:600timesB:500timesC:300timesD:200timesE:400times

答案:500times

Inthedepolarizationphaseofanactionpotential,Na+movesintothecellby___.（）

A:endocytosisB:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbychannelC:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbycarrierD:secondaryactivetransportE:simplediffusion

答案:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbychannel

ThedepolarizingphaseofAPofaneuronisformedby（）

A:Na+influxB:Ca2+influxC:deactivationofNa+channelD:K+effluxE:Cl-influx

答案:Na+influx

Inwhichperiodoftheprecedingexcitationinanervefiber,thenextexcitationcannotappear?（）

A:theeffectiverefractoryperiodB:theabsoluterefractoryperiodC:thesupranormalperiodD:thesubnormalperiodE:therelativerefractoryperiod

答案:theabsoluterefractoryperiod

第三章测试

Plasmacrystalosmoticpressureismainlycomposedof___.（）

A:globulinB:fibrinogenC:NaClD:albuminE:glucose

答案:NaCl

Thebloodvolumeofamanwithbodyweightof60kgisabout___.（）

A:2.4-3.0LB:4.2-4.8LC:4.8-6.0LD:3.0-4.0LE:1.2-2.4L

答案:4.2-4.8L

Theeffectoftheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureistomaintainwaterequilibrium___.（）

A:acrossthebloodvesselB:acrossthecellmembraneC:betweentheatmosphereandthebodyfluidD:betweenthearteryandtheveinE:inthelungs

答案:acrossthecellmembrane

Thereisahealthymanweighing60kg,32yearsold.Hisvolumeofplasmashouldbeabout___.（）

A:3.0LB:4-5LC:20LD:10LE:40L

答案:3.0L

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsabouttheplasmaosmoticpressureisfalse?（）

A:TheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureisthemostimportantinmaintainingthewaterequilibriumacrossthecellmembraneB:TheplasmsacrystalosmoticpressureisequaltotheinterstitialcrystalosmoticpressureC:TheplasmsacolloidosmoticpressureishigherthantheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureD:pressureishigherthantheinterstitialcolloidosmoticpressureE:Theplasmacolloidosmoticpressureisthemostimportantinmaintainingthewaterequilibriumacrossthebloodvessels

答案:Theplasmsacolloidosmoticpressureishigherthantheplasmacrystalosmoticpressure

Ifthebloodisstoredinlowtemperatureforalongtime,theK+concentrationintheplasmawillrises.Itisdueto___.（）

A:thedecreaseofactivityofNa+/K+pumpB:inshortsupplyofglucoseC:theincreaseofthedecrepitredcellsD:hypoxiaE:thehemolysis

答案:thedecreaseofactivityofNa+/K+pump

Theprimaryhumoralfactorregulatingtheerythropoisisis___.（）

A:estrogenB:androgenC:theextractoftheredcellsD:erythropoietinE:thyroidhormone

答案:erythropoietin

Generallyspeaking,thebloodgroupmeans（）

A:thetypesofspecialagglutininsintheRBCB:thetypesofreceptorsintheRBCC:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheRBCD:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheplasmaE:thetypesofspecialagglutininsintheplasma

答案:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheRBC

Theprimarymechanismpreventingcoagulationbyheparinis（）

A:inhibitingtheactivationofthefactorXB:enhancingtheactivityofantithrombinIIIC:promotingtheformationoffibrinD:noneoftheaboveE:inhibitingtheactivationofthethrombinogen

答案:enhancingtheactivityofantithrombinIII

Ifapersononlycontainsanti-Aagglutinininhisblood,hisbloodgroupcouldbe___.（）

A:groupOB:groupBC:groupABD:groupBorgroupABE:groupA

答案:groupB

第四章测试

Bloodpressurecanbebufferedby___.（）

A:elasticityofaortaB:venousreturnC:cardiaccontractilityD:heartrateE:rateoftransfusion

答案:elasticityofaorta

Ifstrokevolumeis75ml/beatandheartrateis80beats/min,whatisthecardiacoutput?（）

A:5.25L/minB:2.0L/minC:6.0L/minD:5.5L/minE:3.0L/min

答案:6.0L/min

Inwhichphaseofcardiaccycleisthepressureoftheventriclehighest？（）

A:theendofrapidfillingperiodB:theendofisovolumetriccontractionperiodC:theendofrapidejectionperiodD:theendofatrialsystoleperiodE:theendofventricularsystoleperiod

答案:theendofrapidejectionperiod

AVvalvescloseat___.（）

A:thebeginningofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodB:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiodC:thebeginningofrapidejectionperiodD:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodE:thebeginningofrapidfillingperiod

答案:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiod

Thecardiacoutputofhealthyadultmaleatrestis（）

A:11-12L/minB:9-10L/minC:7-8L/minD:2-3L/minE:4-6L/min

答案:4-6L/min

Thesecondheartsoundisprimarilyformedby（）

A:theclosureofAVvalvesB:theopenofthesemilunarvalvesC:theopenofAVvalvesD:theclosureofthesemilunarvalvesE:noneofabove

答案:theclosureofthesemilunarvalves

Autoregulationofheartpumpingfunctionmeansthatthestrokevolumeisdeterminedby____.（）

A:meanarterialpressureB:heartrateC:cardiacreserveD:endsystolicvolumeoftheventricleE:enddiastolicvolumeoftheventricle

答案:enddiastolicvolumeoftheventricle

AVvalvesopenat___.（）

A:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiodB:theendoftheslowejectionperiodC:thebeginningoftheventricularsystoleD:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodE:theendofisovolumetriccontractionperiod

答案:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiod

Whichtypeofthemyocardialtissuehasthefastestconductionvelocity?（）

A:thePurkinjefiberB:A-VnodeC:SAnodeD:theatriaE:theventricle

答案:thePurkinjefiber

Theexcitabilityofcardiacmusclecellinthesupranormalperiodishigherthannormal,so___.（）

A:theautorhythmicityishigherthannormalB:theamplitudeoftheactionpotentialishigherthannormalC:conductionvelocityofexcitationisalsofasterthannormalD:thevelocityofthephase0ofanactionpotentialisfasterthannormalE:thethresholdintensityislowerthannormal

答案:thethresholdintensityislowerthannormal

第五章测试

Ifthetidalvolumedecreasesby50%，therespiratoryfrequencyincreasesfrom12/minto24/min，___.（）

A:theminuteventilationvolumedecreasesB:theminuteventilationvolumeincreasesC:thealveolarventilationdoesnotchangeD:thealveolarventilationdecreasesE:thealveolarventilationincreases

答案:thealveolarventilationdecreases

Theairexchangebetweenthecapillariesandthealveoliinlungiscalled___.（）

A:gasexchangeinlungB:gastransportC:gasexchangeintissueD:cellularrespirationE:pulmonaryventilation

答案:gasexchangeinlung

Thefactorthatactsasabufferagainsttheextremechangesinalveolarairpressureis___.（）

A:theinspiratorycapacityB:thefunctionalresidualcapacityC:theinspiratoryreservevolumeD:thetidalvolumeE:theexpiratoryreservevolume

答案:thefunctionalresidualcapacity

Thetotallungcapacityisequalto___.（）

A:thetidalvolumeplusthefunctionalresidualcapacityB:theinspiratorycapacityplusthefunctionalresidualcapacityC:theresidualvolumeplustheinspiratoryreservevolumeD:thesumofthetidalvolumeandthevitalcapacityE:thefunctionalresidualcapacityplusthevitalcapacity

答案:theinspiratorycapacityplusthefunctionalresidualcapacity

Theindexusedtocomparethepulmonaryelasticresistanceamongpersonsis___.（）

A:thevitalcapacity;B:theminuteventilationvolumeC:thespecificcomplianceD:thecomplianceE:thetimedvitalcapacity

答案:thespecificcompliance

Theintrapleuralpressureintheendofexpirationis___.（）

A:higherthantheairpressureB:equaltotheairpressureC:lowerthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpirationD:higherthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpirationE:lowerthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofinspiration

答案:higherthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpiration

ThesitewherethepartialpressureofCO2isthehighestis___.（）

A:thevenousbloodB:thetissuesC:thealveoliD:thecapillarybloodE:thearterialblood

答案:thetissues

Ifthetidalvolumeofamanisabout500ml，hisdeadspacevolumeisabout150ml，hisrespiratoryrateis12/min，andhiscardiacoutputis5L/min,hisventilation/perfusionratiois___.（）

A:3B:1.4C:0.8D:1.2E:0.84

答案:0.84

TheprimaryformaswhichCO2istransportedinbloodis___.（）

A:bloodproteinsB:carbaminohemoglobinC:physicaldissolutionD:bloodglucoseE:bicarbonate

答案:bicarbonate

第六章测试

Mostofnutrientsareabsorbedin（）

A:thesmallintestineB:theduodenumC:thestomachD:theesophagusandthestomachE:thelargeintestine

答案:thesmallintestine

Whichiswronginthefollowingdescriptionsabouttheeffectsofhydrochloricacid?（）

A:promotingtheabsorptionofcalciumandferrumB:promotingtheabsorptionofvitaminB12C:activatingthepepsinogenD:killingmanyswallowedbacteriaE:promotingthesecretionofpancreaticjuice

答案:promotingtheabsorptionofvitaminB12

Themechanismbywhichtheaciditychymeinthesmallintestinepromotesthesecretionofpancreaticjuiceis___.（）

A:theexcitationofthevagusnerveB:thereleaseofthecholecystokininbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineC:thereleaseofthegastrinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineD:thereleaseofthesecretinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineE:theexcitationofsympatheticnerve

答案:thereleaseofthesecretinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestine

Mostdigestionoccursin（）

A:thestomachB:thelargeintestineC:thesmallintestineD:themouthE:theesophagus

答案:thesmallintestine

WhichofthesestatementsaboutgastricsecretionofHClisfalse?（）

A:HClissecretedbyparietalcellsB:HClhydrolyzespeptidebondsC:HClcankillbacteriaD:HClisneededfortheconversionofpepsinogentopepsinE:HClisneededformaximumactivityofpepsin

答案:HClhydrolyzespeptidebonds

Originalsiteofslowwave(basicelectricalrhythm,BER)ofthegutsmoothmuscleis（）

A:IcellB:GcellC:CajalcellD:Scell

答案:Cajalcell

Theorderfromfasttoslowofgastricemptyingrateinstomachis（）

A:protein＞sugar＞fatB:sugar＞fat＞proteinC:sugar＞protein＞fatD:protein＞fat＞sugarE:fat＞sugar＞protein

答案:sugar＞protein＞fat

ThemostactiveofpepsinisunderthepHvalue（）

A:pH2～3B:pH1.8～3.5C:pH2～3.5D:pH0.9～1.5E:pH2～2.5

答案:pH1.8～3.5

第七章测试

Whichoneisthelargesteffectaboutspecificdynamiceffectoffood?（）

A:proteinsB:vitaminC:fatsD:carbohydratesE:mineralsalts

答案:proteins

Whichdiseasewithbasalmetabolicrateincreasessignificantly?（）

A:diabetesB:hypertensionC:hypothyroidismD:hyperthyroidismE:hyperlipidemia

答案:hyperthyroidism

Whentheenvironmenttemperatureishigherthantheskintemperature,themainmanneroftheheatlossis（）

A:radiationB:conductionC:shiveringD:evaporationE:convection

答案:evaporation

Theformofheatproductioninnewborninfants’bodyis（）

A:shiveringB:brownadiposetissueC:whiteadiposetissueD:skeletalmusclescontractionE:yellowadiposetissue

答案:brownadiposetissue

Normalrectaltemperatureis（）

A:36.7～37.7℃B:36.9～37.9℃C:36.0～37.9℃D:36.0～37.4℃E:36.0～36.4℃

答案:36.9～37.9℃

Themajorformofheatproductionofthebodyis___duringthecoldenvironment.（）

A:shiveringthermogenesisB:increasingmetabolismofliverC:increasingmetabolismofvisceraD:temperaturestimulusproducesmuscletonusE:non-shiveringthermogenesis

答案:shiveringthermogenesis

Waistcircumferenceofmaleislessthan（）

A:85cmB:80cmC:95cmD:90cmE:75cm

答案:85cm

Whichmuscleactivitycansignificantlyincreasemetabolicrate?（）

A:playingvolleyballB:washingclothesC:playingfootballD:playingbasketballE:sweepingthefloor

答案:playingfootball

Thewrongdescriptionaboutspecificdynamiceffectoffoodis（）

A:proteincanproducegreatesteffectB:proteincanproduce30%extraheatC:becauseoftheaminoacids’metabolismintheliverD:theingestionoffoodrapidlyincreasesthemetabolicrateandproducesextraheatforafewhoursaftereatingE:becauseoffooddigestionintheGItract

答案:becauseoffooddigestionintheGItract

第八章测试

Na+reabsorptioninthedistaltubulesandthecollectingductsismainlyregulatedby（）

A:adhB:aldosteroneC:adrenalineD:glucocorticoidE:angiotensinII

答案:aldosterone

Whichoneisnotthefactoraffectingglomerularfiltration?（）

A:renalbloodflowB:capsularpressureC:plasmacolloidosmoticpressureD:filtrationareaE:glomerularcapillarybloodpressure

答案:renalbloodflow

Thesubstancemeasuringglomerularfiltrationrateis（）

A:inulinB:para-aminohippuricacidC:creatinineD:diodrastE:urea

答案:inulin

Themostimportantexcretionorganis（）

A:lungB:kidneyC:skinD:digestivetractE:gallbladder

答案:kidney

Characteristicofreabsorptionintheproximaltubuleis（）

A:thepotentialdifferenceonbothsidesofrenaltubularcellsisverybigB:accompaniedbythesecretionofotherionsC:thevolumeofreabsorptionisverysmallD:thesoluteconcentrationdifferenceonbothsidesofrenaltubularcellsisverybigE:isotonicreabsorption

答案:isotonicreabsorption

Therightdescriptionaboutosmoticgradientintherenalmedullais（）

A:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradientB:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromhighertolowerosmoticgradientC:frominnertooutermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradientD:frominnertooutermedulla,fromhighertolowerosmoticgradientE:nochange

答案:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradient

Themosthormonetoregulatewaterreabsorptionis（）

A:aldosteroneB:ADHC:angiotensinⅡD:glucocorticoidE:atrialnatriureticpeptide

答案:ADH

Transectionbetweencerebralcortexandsacralcordwillinduce（）

A:infantileenuresisB:urineretentionC:urineincontinenceD:atonicbladderE:overflowincontinence

答案:urineincontinence

第九章测试

Theeyethatalltheparallellightfocusesonthefrontofretinais（）

A:emmetropiaB:myopiaC:astigmatismD:hyperopiaE:presbyopia

答案:myopia

Thestructuretobalancethepressuredifferencebetweenthemiddleearandatmosphereis（）

A:cochlearholeB:eustachiantubeC:ovalwindowD:cochlearductE:roundwindow

答案:eustachiantube

Regulatingcapacityofeyeismainlydeterminedbythe（）

A:cornealelasticityB:vitreouselasticityC:pupildiameterD:lenselasticityE:refractionindexofaqueoushumor

答案:lenselasticity

DeficiencyofVitaminAcanaffect（）

A:colorvisionB:photopicvisionC:scotopicvisionD:visualfieldE:highresolution

答案:scotopicvision

Whichoneiswrongaboutvisualfield?（）

A:smallinsuperiorandnasalsideB:bigininferiorandtemporalsideC:visualfieldofyellowissmallestD:visualfieldofredismorethanthatofgreenE:visualfieldofwhiteisbiggest

答案:visualfieldofyellowissmallest

Aparticularformofstimulustowhichareceptoristhemostsensitive,whichiscalled___ofreceptor.（）

A:codingB:reciprocalinhibitionC:transducerfunctionD:adequatestimulusE:adaptation

答案:adequatestimulus

Opticalrefractionsystemofeyedoesn’tinclude（）

A:vitreousbodyB:corneaC:lensD:retinaE:aqueoushumor

答案:retina

Thefarthestdistancethatonecanseeobjectsclearlywithoutanyaccommodationofeyeiscalled（）

A:nodeB:farpointC:focusD:nearpointE:principalpoint

答案:farpoint

Themajoradjustmentduringseeingthenearobjectsis（）

A:myosisB:thelenscurvatureradiusincreasedC:thelenscurvatureradiusdecreasedD:convergenceofopticaxisE:mydriasis

答案:thelenscurvatureradiusdecreased

Thecenterofpupillarylightreflexisin（）

A:medullaoblongataB:theponsC:themidbrainD:thecerebralcortexE:thehypothalamus

答案:themidbrain

第十章测试

Themaineffectofvestibulocerebellumis（）

A:establishingofmovementprogramB:coordinatingthevoluntarymovementC:weakeningmuscletonusD:strengtheningmuscletonusE:controllingtheequilibriumofthebody

答案:controllingtheequilibriumofthebody

Theinitialnucleiofthenonspecificprojectionsysteminthalamusare（）

A:nonspecificprojectionnucleusandassociatednucleusB:nonspecificprojectionnucleusC:associatednucleusD:specificsensoryrelaynucleusE:specificsensoryrelaynucleusandassociatednucleus

答案:nonspecificprojectionnucleus

Conductionvelocityinmyelinatedfibersisfasterthanunmyelinatedfiber,mainlybecause（）

A:temperatureB:diameterC:thethicknessofmyelinsheathD:theintensityofstimulationE:saltatoryconduction

答案:saltatoryconduction

Thehormonesecretionincreasingduringslowwavesleepis（）

A:noradrenalineB:growthhormoneC:adrenalineD:glucocorticoidE:thyroidhormone

答案:growthhormone

Themostbasicreflexmaintainingthebodypostureis（）

A:tendonreflexB:rightingreflexC:flexorreflexD:crossedextensorreflexE:muscletonus

答案:muscletonus

Whatkindofionpermeabilityincreasedwhentheinhibitorypostsynapticpotential?（）

A:K+,Cl-,especiallyK+B:K+,Cl-,especiallyCl-C:Na+,Cl-,especiallyNa+D:K+,Ca2+,especiallyCa2+E:Ca2+,Cl-,especiallyCa2+

答案:K+,Cl-,especiallyCl-

Thest