贵州课标英语课件：范畴3 主题7　自然生态

课件需用office2010及以上版本打开，如果您的电脑是office2007及以下版本或者WPS软件，可能会出现公式不可编辑或者有不同程度的动版。软件使用编辑修改本课件全文均可单击鼠标右键对内容进行编辑修改。课件说明学科特色公式由公式编辑器制作，可单击鼠标右键对公式进行修改。显示说明如您在使用过程中遇到公式不显示或者字体乱码的情况，可能是因为您的电脑缺少对应字体，请打开网页下载。范畴三人与自然教材同步复习主题七自然生态Thinkaboutthefollowingquestions：1．Haveyouevernoticedthechangeofanimals'expressions?2．Ifyouhaveapet,howdoyougettoknowitbetter?与自然和谐共生Wehumanscanexpressemotionsbytellingothershowwefeel—butwhataboutanimals?Howcanwetellwhethertheyexperienceemotions?Overthepast20years,researchershave①madegreatprogressinthisfield.It'sveryhardforustoassess(评估)emotionsinanimals,becausetheycannottellushowtheyfeel.However,whenemotionalthingshappen,theycausechangesinseveralbiologicalprocesses(生态过程).Wehumansoftenchangefacialexpressionsandgestures②dependingonwhetherweexperienceapleasanteventornot.Animalsshowthesefacialexpressionsaswell.Forexample,changesintheearpositionortheamountofthewhiteoftheeyescanshowdifferentlevelsofpainorfearinanimals.③Itisimportanttoremember

thatthefacialexpressionsofanimalsusuallylookdifferentthanthoseofhumans—joymightnotbeshownbyasmile,whilesadnessmaynotbeaccompanied(伴随)bytears.Anotherexampleofanimalbehaviourthatislinkedtoemotionsisvocalizations(发声),whichcanshowstressinmanyspecies.Weknowthisistrueforhumans,too.Imagineyouaresingingasong④infrontofmanypeople;yourvoicemightgetshaky(颤抖的)ifyouarenervous.Researchershavefoundthatthevocalizationsofpigs,goatsandcowsalsochangeandgetlessharmoniouswhentheseanimalsareunderstress,forexample,whentheyareisolatedfromthegroup.Itseemsthatanimalsreacttotheirenvironmentsasmuchashumansdo.So,wecaninfer,withquitesomeconfidence,thatanimalscanfeelemotions.Thismightencourageustorethinktheenvironmentsinwhichwekeeptheanimalsthatareunderourcare—onfarms,inzoosorinourhouses.Ifwecanbetterunderstandhowanimalsreacttotheirenvironments,wecanimprovetheseenvironmentsaswellashuman-animalrelationships.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动物表达情绪的方式。文章告诉我们要给动物创造良好的生存环境，并和它们建立良好的关系。

根据文章内容完成下列各题1．Theunderlinedwords“isolatedfrom”mean

inChinese.()A．杀害

B．吸引

C．脱离【解析】词义猜测题。由画线短语后的“thegroup”以及常识可知，此处表示的是与群体脱离。故选C。C2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheresearch？()A．Changesinanimals'expressionsarehardtofind.B．Animalemotionsarenotasrichashumans.C．Soundsmadebyanimalsareawayofexpressingfeelings.【解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一句“Anotherexampleofanimalbehaviourthatislinkedtoemotionsisvocalizations(发声),whichcanshowstressinmanyspecies.”以及第四段最后一句的“Researchershavefoundthatthevocalizationsofpigs,goatsandcowsalsochangeandgetlessharmoniouswhentheseanimalsareunderstress．..”可知，动物发出的声音也是情绪的表达方式。故选C。C3．

Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？()【解析】篇章结构题。第一段引入文章的主题；第二段介绍虽然我们无法评估动物的情绪，但是当它们有情绪变化的时候，它们的行为上是有变化的；第三、四段介绍了动物表达的情绪的行为上的变化；第五段告诉我们要给动物创造良好的生存环境，并和它们建立和谐的关系。故选B。B

理清文章结构和内容，完成思维导图20yearsbiologicalprocessesaredifferentfromtheirstressrelationships

好词好句积累

在文中画出下列词组或句型，翻译并仿写与主题相关的句子。①makegreatprogressin__________________________________________仿写：我们已经在保护动物方面取得了巨大进展。_________________________________________________________________在……取得巨大进步Wehavemadegreatprogressinprotectinganimals.②dependon_____________________________________________________仿写：动物能活多久，取决于它是否有良好的生存环境。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________③Itisadj.todosth._______________________________________________仿写：保护自然环境很重要。_________________________________________________________________取决于Howlongananimallivesdependsonwhetherithasagoodlivingenvironment.做某事是……的Itisimportanttoprotectthenaturalenvironment.④infrontof______________________________________________________仿写：我们家房前有一个大的自然公园。_________________________________________________________________在……前面Thereisabignatureparkinfrontofourhouse.第一部分完形填空第一节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。

自然景观A．AllB．alreadyC．since

D．anE．still

F．for

G．which TheYuntaiMountainstandsinXiuwuCounty,about30kilometersfromJiaozuoCity,HenanProvince.Themountainisfamous1.______itspeaks,springs,waterfalls,poolsandvalleys.2.______theseformabeautifulpainting.FA1．【解析】befamousfor是固定短语，意为“以……而著名”。故选F。2．【解析】由语境可知，此处表示“所有这些构成了一幅美丽的画”。故选A。 ThebeautyoftheYuntaiMountainchangeswithseasons.Inspring,themountainisdecoratedbycolorfulflowersandgreengrass.Insummer,thethickforestsandwonderfulwaterfallsmakeit3.______excellentplace.Asautumnbegins,leavesturnredandthemountainlookscolorful.Whenwintercomes,themountainiscoveredwithwhitesnow4.______bringspeoplepeace.3．【解析】此处泛指一个绝佳的地方。excellent以元音音素开头。故选D。4．【解析】分析句子成分可知，此处缺少定语从句的引导词。先行词是whitesnow，空格处在句中作主语。故选G。

DG Themountainhasbeenapopularplace5.______hundredsofyearsago.It'ssaidthatduringtheTangDynasty,thegreatpoetWangWeionceclimbedtothetopofthemountain.ItwastheDoubleNinthFestival,sohemissedhisfamilyandhometownalot.Hewroteapoemanditis6.______well-knowntoday.Besides,themountainisrichinplants.ItissaidthatSunSimiaousedtocollectherbsandmaketraditionalChinesemedicinethere.5．【解析】由语境可知，此处表示“自从几百年前，云台山就是一个受欢迎的地方”。故选C。6．【解析】修饰形容词应用副词。由语境可知，此处表示“他写了一首诗，这首诗今天仍然很有名”。故选E。CE NowadaystheYuntaiMountainisoneofthetoptouristattractionsinHenanProvince.Itattractslotsofvisitorsallyearround.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于河南省的云台山。河南省最受欢迎的旅游景点之一，因其山峰、瀑布、山谷等而出名。它随季节变化给人们展示不同的美景。唐朝诗人王维也曾在爬此山时作诗，名医孙思邈也常在此山采药。第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

与自然和谐共生 ForchildrenonPingtanIslandinFujian,China,nothingismoreinterestingthangoingintonaturewiththeir“forestteacher”． ChengSheng-chungworksasa

7

educationteacherontheisland.Onweekends,heoftentakeschildrenouttonatureandteachesthemabout

8

plantsandanimals.()7.A．nature B．physics C．Maths【解析】考查名词辨析。nature“自然”；physics“物理”；maths“数学”。由“heoftentakeschildrenouttonature”可知，他是一个自然教育老师。故选A。()8.A．strange B．real C．different【解析】考查形容词辨析。strange“奇怪的”；real“真的”；different“不同的”。由常识可知，他带学生去大自然是教他们认识不同的植物和动物。故选C。AC Cheng'slovefornaturestartedearly.He

9

upinthemountains,andlovedtostay

10

tonature.In2017，hecametoPingtanIslandtofindwork.Natureeducationwasnot

11

inPingtanatthattime,butChengsawitasanopportunity.Thenextyear,hestartedto

12

natureclassestochildren.Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.Chengwantsto

13

thatthroughhisnatureclasses.()9.A．grew B．ran C．got【解析】考查动词辨析。grow“成长”；run“跑”；get“得到”。由“inthemountains”可知，此处指在这个地方长大。故选A。

()10.A．mad B．close C．similar 【解析】考查形容词辨析。mad“疯狂的”；close“亲近的”；similar“相似的”。由句中的“loved”可知，

此处表示亲近大自然。故选B。

()11.A．interesting B．typical C．popular 【解析】考查形容词辨析。interesting“有趣的”；typical“典型的”；popular“受欢迎的”。由“Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.”可知，

自然教育在当时的平潭并不流行。故选C。ABC()12.A．manage B．throw C．offer 【解析】考查动词辨析。manage“管理”；throw“扔掉”；offer“提供”。由语境可知，此处表示“第二年，他开始为孩子们开设自然课”。故选C。

()13.A．improve B．change C．realize 【解析】考查动词辨析。improve“提高”；change“改变”；realize“实现”。由“Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.”可知，此处表示“想通过自然课改变孩子们看电视和玩手机的现状”。故选B。CB Thestudentsalllikethefriendlyteacherverymuchandtheycallhim“forestteacher”.Chengdoesnotfilltheirheadswithboring

14

，butmakesthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown.Heletsthemusetheireyes,ears,noses,mouths,andhandsto

15

aboutnature.()14.A．facts B．numbers C．Ideas【解析】考查名词辨析。fact“事实”；number“数字”；idea“想法”。由“butgetsthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown”可知，程并不是告诉孩子们无聊的事实，而是让他们自己体验。故选A。

()15.A．worry B．talk C．learn【解析】考查动词辨析。worry“担心”；talk“交谈”；learn“学习；熟知”。由上文“Chengdoesnotfilltheirheadswithboring...，butgetsthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown.”可知，他让他们用眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、嘴巴和手来了解大自然。故选C。AC “Ifchildrendon'tunderstandnature,theywon'tloveand

16

it.Theyshouldunderstandthathumansarenotabovenature,butmustliveinpeacewithit，”saidCheng.()16.A．repair B．protect C．Answer【解析】考查动词辨析。repair“修理”；protect“保护”；answer“回答”。由下文“Theyshouldunderstandthathumansarenotabovenature，butmustliveinpeacewithit”可知，是要保护自然。故选B。

B【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了程胜传老师热爱自然，带领孩子们体验自然的乐趣并受到孩子们的喜爱。第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下面语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

(2022•安徽改编)

AntarcticaWeatherAntarcticaliesinthemostsouthernpartoftheworld.ItisthecoldestareaonEarth.Thereisn'tmuchrain,butthereisalotofsnowandwind.⑰Thelowesttemperaturewason21Julyin1983at－89.2℃！Antarctica

PopulationNobodylivesinAntarcticaallthetime!

⑱Thefirstpeopletostaythereforawhilewerefishermenin1786.Nowthereareabout5,000scientistsandresearchersthereinsummer.Antarctica

Historyofexploration(探险)During1907—1909,BritishexplorerEarnestShackletonexploredAntarcticaonfoot.In1911,twoexplorers—aBritishmannamedScottandaNorwegiannamedAmundsen—raced1，400kilometrestotheSouthPole(南极).Amundsenarrivedfirst.Antarctica

Animalsandbirds⑲Therearen'tanylargeanimalsinAntarctica.PolarbearsliveattheNorthPole.Buttherearealotofpenguinsandseabirds.Everyspringthereareover100millionseabirdsinAntarctica.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南极洲的天气、人口和探索历史等信息。17.ThelowesttemperatureappearedinAntarctica

.()A．in1786 B．in1907 C．in1983【解析】细节理解题。由“Thelowesttemperaturewason21Julyin1983at－89.2℃！”可知，最低气温是在1983年7月21日。故选C。C18．WhofirststayedinAntarcticaforsometime?()A．Fishermen. B．Scientists. C．Explorers.【解析】细节理解题。由“Thefirstpeopletostaythereforawhilewerefishermenin1786”可知，1786年，第一批在那里停留一段时间的人是渔民。故选A。A19．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?()A．TheNorthPoleisthecoldestplaceintheworld. B．PeoplecanliveinAntarcticaallthetime. C．Youwon'tseelargeanimalsinAntarctica.【解析】细节理解题。由“Therearen'tanylargeanimalsinAntarctica.”可知，人们在南极洲看不到大型动物。故选C。C20．

Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?()A．SpeciesinAntarcticaB．TheintroductionofAntarctica C．Antarctica'sLivingConditions 【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了南极洲的一些相关信息，即介绍南极洲。故选B。B第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。

A．Over80%ofthehumandietisprovidedbyplants.B．Itsaimistoremindpeopletogetalongwithnature.C．Itisalsotheanswertoseveraldevelopmentchallenges.D．ThatiswhytheUNdecidedtocelebratethedayeveryyear.E．Ifwehavedifficultydeveloping,wemayturntobiodiversity.F．Becausetherearealreadymanyholidaysinthattimeoftheyear.

热爱和敬畏自然 TheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity(生物多样性日)iscelebratedonMay22.21.______【解析】由上文“TheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity(生物多样性日)iscelebratedonMay22”可推知，接下来应介绍生物多样性日的宗旨。故选B。B Thedaywasfirstcreatedin1993bytheUNanditwasonDecember29th.In2000,theUNchangedittoMay22.ThiswaspartlyinmemoryoftheUNconvention(公约)onMay22，1992.ButitwasalsohardformanycountriestoorganizeeventsonDecember29.22.______Everyyear,thecelebrationsofthedayareorganizedonadifferenttopic.Thetopicin2022is“Buildingasharedfutureforalllife”.Themessagebehindis