2021届高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day 15）基础版

2021高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day

15）基础版

-：词汇打卡复习

1：diet/daiot/

n.[C]饮食；食物；规定饮食；

vi.节食

Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.

脂肪和盐是饮食中非常重要的一部分。

【常用搭配】

dietpills减肥药

abalanceddiet均衡饮食

ondiet节食；减肥

【派生词】

dietingn.节食；减肥

2：handle/'haendl/

v.处理；对付（某人或某事）；（用手）触摸；

n.[C]（门的）把手；柄

Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyouforthe

day.

锻炼会让你更清醒，更能处理好一天的事情。

【常用搭配】

handlewith处理

【派生词】

handledadj.有把柄的；有把手的

handlers管理者；处理者

3：differ/'difa(r)/

v.使...相异；使...不同

Thetwinslookalike,buttheydifferinpersonality.

这对双胞胎长得相像，但性格却不同。

【常用搭配】

differfrom与...不同；区别于...

differin不同在；在...方面存在不同

differwith与...意见不一；与....不调和

【派生词】

differentadj.不同的

differentlyadv.不同地

differencen.差异；不同；争执

4：attack/。task/

n.fC]&[U]袭击，攻击；（口头和书面的）抨击，非难；（尤指常发疾病的）发

作，侵袭；v.袭击；攻击；（在战争等中使用武器）进攻；抨击；奋力处理；全力对

付；进攻

Sosuddenwastheattackthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.

进攻来得太突然，敌人来不及逃跑。

【常用搭配】

heartattack心脏病发作

underattack受到攻击；在攻击之下

【派生词】

attackern.攻击者；进攻者

5：literature/'litratfa（r）/

n.[U]文学；文献，著作

AsIhadstudiedliteratureatuniversity,Ifounditquitedifficulttosecureasuitablejob

inbigcompanies.

由于我在大学读的是文学，我发现在大公司找一份合适的工作相当困难。

6：polar/*paola/

adj.极地的；两极的；正好相反的

【常用搭配】

polarbear北极熊

7：blog/blng/

n.［C］博客；网络日志；

vi.写网志；写博客

Doyouhaveablogaboutrunning?

你有一个关于跑步的博客吗？

【派生词】

bloggern.写博客的人；博客使用者

8：recipe/resapi/

n.［C］食谱；［临床］处方；秘诀

Whafsherrecipeforsuccess?

她成功的秘诀是什么？

9：official/a'fijl/

adj.官方的；正式的；公务的；

n」C］要员；官员；高级职员

WindsorisoneoftheofficialresidencesoftheQueen,whosometimesstayshere.

温莎城堡是女王的官邸之一，她有时呆在这里。

【常用搭配】

officialreport官方报告，正式报告

governmentofficial政府官员

officialvisit官方访问

officialposition公职

officialduties公务

【派生词】

officiallyadv.官方地，正式地

10：resist/ri'zist/

v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐

Willtheybeabletoresistthetemptationtobuy?

他们能抵抗得住购买的诱惑吗？

【常用搭配】

resistdoingsth.抵制做某事

【派生词】

resistantadj.抵抗的；反抗的

11：imagine

vt.想象,设想；料想,猜想；想

时态：imagined,imagining,imagines

名词：imaginer

近义词：

[v.]createbymentalact,creatementally,expect,anticipate

解析：

think:最普通用词，指想或思索，也指由反复思考而作出判断或得出结论等。

conceive:指在头脑中组织好自己的思想，在心中形成一个系统的思想或一个见解。

imagine:比conceive更强调形象思维，指在头脑中形成一个清晰明确的意象。

fancy:与imagine略不同，往往指的是不切实际的，属于梦幻般的想象。

realize:指领悟，通过生动的构思或想象从而抓住事物的本质。

l.Heimaginesthatpeopledon'tbelievehim.

他总是认为人们不信任他。

2.Don'timagineyourselftobealwayscorrect.

不要以为自己总是对。

12：pretend

vt.&vi.假装,伪装

时态：pretended,pretending,pretends

近义词:

[n.]pretense,pretence,pretending,simulation,feigning

[v.]misrepresent,belie,claim,layclaim,arrogate,speculate,act

[adj.]unreal

反义词：

fn.]real,existent

英语例句库

l.Stopswanningaboutpretendingtobeclever.

别自以为是地晃荡了。

2.Theyoungprincepretendedtothethrone.

那位年轻的王子觊觎王位。

13：punctual

adj.准时的，守时的；精确的

名词：punctuality

副词:punctually

近义词：

[adj.]ontime,prompt,timely

反义词：

fn.]unpunctual

1.1amnotmyselfaparticularlypunctualperson.

我本人不是一个严守时间的人。

2.1fyouarepunctualyouarenotlate.

如果你严守时间,你就不会迟到。

14：assume

vt.假定；承担；呈现；采取

vi.装腔作势；多管闲事

时态：assumed,assuming,assumes

形容词：assumable

副词:assumably

近义词：

[v.]expect,anticipate,takeoffice,change,take,move,dissemble

解析：

assume:指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。

presume:侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。

suppose:常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据一些现象进行的推测，也

可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示自己的意见。

guess:常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。

postulate:指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。

assumeresponsibility承担责任

assumeliability承担责任

subjectiveassume主观臆断

l.HeassumedcommandoftheEighthArmy.

他统率着第八军。

2.Wecan'tassumeanythinginthiscase.

在这种情况下我们不可能做出假设。

二：阅读打卡复习

(-)

“Actingistheleastmysteriousofallcrafts,“MarionBrandooncesaid.Butfor

scientists,workingoutwhatisgoingoninanactor?sheadhasalwaysbeensomethingofa

puzzle.

Now,researchershavesaidactorsshowdifferentpatternsofbrainactivitydependingon

whethertheyareincharacterornot.

Dr.StevenBrown,fromMcMasterUniversityinCanada,said,Itlookslikewhenyouare

acting,youaresuppressing(压制)yourself,almostlikethecharacterispossessingyou.”

Brownandcolleaguesreportedhow15actors,mainlytheatrestudents,weretrainedtotake

onaShakespearerole一eitherRomeoorJuliet—inatheatreworkshop.Theyweretheninvited

intothelaboratory,wheretheirbrainswerescannedinaseriesofexperiments.

OnceinsidetheMRIscanner,theactorswereaskedtoansweranumberofquestions,such

as:wouldtheygototheparty,andwouldtheytelltheirparentsthattheyhadfalleninlove?

Eachactorwasaskedtorespondtodifferentquestions,basedontwodifferentpremises

（前提）.Inone,theywereaskedfortheirownperspective,whileintheother,theywereaskedto

respondasthoughtheywereeitherRomeoorJuliet.

Theresultsrevealedthatthebrainactivitydiffereddependingonthesituationbeing

tested.Theteamfoundthatwhentheactorswereincharacter,theyusesomethird-person

knowledgeorinferencesabouttheircharacter.

Theteamsaidtheyalsofoundadditionalreductioninactivityintworegionsofthe

prefrontalcortex（前额皮质）linkedtothesenseofselfcomparedwithwhentheactorswere

respondingasthemselves.

However,PhilipDavis,aprofessorattheUniversityofLiverpool,wasunimpressedbythe

research,sayingactingisaboutfarmorethan“pretending“tobesomeone——itinvolves

embodying（体现）thetextandlanguage.

l.HowdidDr.Brown'steamconducttheirresearch?

A.Byscanningthebrainactivityofsomeactors.

B.Bydoingasurveywithsometheatregoers.

C.Byinterviewingsometheatreteachers.

D.Byconsultingsomeexperiencedresearchers.

2.WhatisthefindingofDr.Brown'sresearch?

A.Actingisnotasmysteriousaspeoplethink.

B.Actors'brainactivitydifferswhentheyareacting.

C.Actingisfarmorethanpretendingtobethecharacter.

D.Actors'brainactivityismoreactivewhentheyareincharacter

3.HowdidPhilipDavisreacttotheresearch?

A.Hesupportedit.B.Hedoubtedit.

C.Heexplainedit.D.Headvocatedit.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Adebateofhowthebrainfunctions.

B.AplaywrittenbyShakespeare.

C.Aresearchonthebrainactivityofactors.

D.Areportofthecooperationofscientistsandactors.

参考答案：ABBC

（二）

InthefirstdaysoftheNewYear,aphotofromRio'straditionalfireworksshowon

CopacabanaBeachhasspreadlikewildfireonBraziliansocialnetworks——ashotofalittleboy,

alone,wadingintothewater,separatedfromthejoyfulcrowdcelebratingandtakingpictures

behindhim.Armscrossed,hestaresupwide-eyedandopen-mouthedatthefireworksinthe

sky.

Despitetheabsenceofanyinformationaboutthechildotherthanhisage9,theimage

LucasLandaushotforReutersnewsagencyhassparkedtensofthousandsofsharesand

commentsonsocialmedia,newspaperarticles,blogpostsandanationaldebateaboutrace,

classandinequality.Tosome,itsjustaphotoofayoungblackboyattractedbythespectacular

NewYear'sEvefireworks.Peopleneedtostopthinkingthatallblackboys,withoutshirtson,

areabandoned,sad,aloneandunhappy.Toothers,theimageisemblematicofBrazil'sacute

inequality.

AbouthalfofBrazifspopulationof200millionisidentifiedasmixed-race/black,second

onlytoNigeria.Butblackandmixed-racedBraziliansareunder-representedinacademia,

politicsandleadershiproles.Lessthan10percentofBrazil'sCongressisblack,andjust18

percentofleadershiprolesareheldbyAfro-Brazilians.

ForLuizAugustoCampos,asociologistatRioStateUniversity,thewide-ranging

interpretationsofthephoto,aswellastheexplosivedebateitgenerated,representachanging

tideforAfro-Brazilians."Thefactthatit'sbecomesoproblematicisareflectionofacomplex

transitionintermsofraceinBrazil,“hesaid,addingthat20or30yearsago,thephotowould

havestirredfewornoconcernsaboutwhetheritstrengthenednegativestereotypes（亥!j板印象）.

uThesechangesarestillrelativelysmallinBrazil,buttheyhavethelong-termobjective

ofdissociatingtheideasofblacknessandpoverty,“Campossaid.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.The