2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first Understanding Ideas 作业

Unit6EarthfirstUnderstandingIdeas—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练【夯实基础】知识点1现在分词1.Isawhim______(work)inthegardenyesterday.2.Pleasesavewateranddon'tleaveit_____(run)allthetime.知识点2过去分词3.Librarieswilloftenholdreadinggroupsessions_____(target)atvariousagegroups.4.Withallthevehicles_____(restrict)tothecity,peoplehadtocallofftheirtravelplans.5.WhenSnowWhitecametoherself,shefoundherself________(surround)bysevendwarfs(小矮人).【提升能力】6.Lookattheexampleonthe_____(幻灯片).7.Humanstakeinoxygenandbreatheout_____(碳)dioxide.8.Doyouknowtherealmeaningofthe_____(温室)effect?9.It______(使惊恐)methinkingIhavetowalkthroughthewoodsinthedark.10.The_____(演讲)willbeofspecialinteresttostudentswhomajorinhistory.【核心素养】ATheworld'sanimalpopulationshavedecreasedbymorethantwo-thirdssince1970,accordingtorecentresearchfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF).TheLondongroupprovidedinformationon32,000wildlifepopulationswhichincludedmorethan5,000species.Theresearchersfoundthatpopulationsizeshadreducedby69percentonaverage.Theysaidthelossofforests,humanexploitation(开发)oftheenvironment,pollution,andclimatechangeweremajorcausesoftheloss.Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.However,theresearchersadded,"Ifwecannotlimitwarmingto1.5℃,climatechangeislikelytobecometheprimarycauseofbiodiversity(生物多样性)lossinthecomingyears."WildlifepopulationsinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanSeaareaweregreatlyaffected.Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereducedbyanaverageof83percentsince1970.Forexample,thepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1994and2016.Thesefindingsarearedflagthatwarnsofalargersystemfailureonthehorizon.Evenonespecies'populationreductioncanaffectotherspecies,eventuallyimpactingtheecosystem'sabilitytofunction.Humansdependonastableclimate,predictableweatherpatterns,andproductivefarmlandandfisheriestodevelop,butthecurrenttrendsaresevereenoughtothreatenmanylife-sustainingsystems.Ourfuturedependsonreversing(扭转)thelossofnaturejustasmuchasitdependsonaddressingclimatechange.Andyoucan'tsolveonewithoutsolvingtheother.Everyoneplaysaroleinreversingthesetrends,fromindividualstocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges,animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall,drivingwildlifetoextinctionandthreateningthewholenessoftheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.1.Whathasbeenthegreatestthreattowildlifepopulationsrecently?A.Illegalhunting. B.Globalwarming.C.Land-usechange. D.Environmentalpollution.2.HowdoestheauthorexplainthereductionoffreshwaterwildlifeinParagraph3?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Byanalyzingthecauses.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byreferringtoaconcept.3.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Climatechangethreatensmanywildanimals.B.Farmlandisthebasisoflife-sustainingsystems.C.Extremeweathereventshavebecomemorefrequent.D.Speciesvarietyisimportanttomaintainastableecosystem.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainthedifficultyofrestoringecosystems.B.Tocallonpeopletotakeactiontoprotectnature.C.Topresenttheincreasingtrendofclimatechange.D.Toshowpeople'seffortsinmakingupforthelossofnature.BWhenIwaseightyearsold,IenteredanartcontesthostedbytheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfare(IFAW)andIwon.Iwassoexcited,butIdidn'tevenknowwhat"endangered"meantatthattime.Thatnight,Iaskedmymomandwefoundouttherewereover6,000endangeredspecies!Ifeltsadandangry.ItoldmymomIwouldliketohelpsavethemfromextinction.Sheaskedme,"How?"AndItoldhermyplan.ShesaidonceIpaintedten,she'dcreateaFacebookpageforme.Tomymom'ssurprise,Ihad10paintingsdonein5days.MyFacebookpagebecomesaplatformwhereIpublishnewworks,sharemyopinionsandraisepeople'senvironmentalawareness.Facebookreporterscametointerviewmeandwrotemystoryandthenmanyotherwebsitessharedit,makingmeshoottofameovernight.MyFacebookfollowersincreasedrapidlyandsomeofferedmemoneytoholdanartexhibition.OneofmypaintingswassoldattheWolfConservationCenteratauction(拍卖)for$25,000thissummer.Bytheageof13,Ihavecreatedmorethanthreehundredpaintingsofendangeredspecies.Iusemywebsitetosellthem,andIalsodonate(捐赠)themandauctionthemtoraisemoneytosupporttheorganizationsIworkwithlikeIFAW,theWolfConservationCenterinNewYorkandJaneGoodall'sRoots&Shoots.IdidalotofresearchbeforechoosingthoseorganizationsbecauseIwantedtomakesurethemoneyIdonatedwouldbeusedforprotectingwildlifeandtheirnaturalhomes.Thoseorganizationshavehelpedmydreamscometrue.UptonowIhavedonated$69,000,andmygoalis$100,000.Weallhaveanimportantroletoplayandifweworktogether,wewillchangetheworld.Weneedtobebraveandoriginal;weshouldstandoutandspeakup.Itisn'talwayseasyorpopularbutbeingtruetoourselvesisthebravestthingwecando.1.Whatplandidtheauthormostprobablytellhermother?A.Tofindoutthenumberofendangeredspecies.B.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofanimalprotection.C.ToestablishaFacebookpageforendangeredspecies.D.Tosellherpaintingstohelpsaveendangeredspecies.2.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedpart"shoottofame"inParagraph3?A.Highlystressed. B.Makeafortune.C.Widelyknown. D.Gowildwithdelight.3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A.Talentedandcaring. B.Patientandbrave.C.Independentandcreative. D.Friendlyandconcerned.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'sexperience?A.Weshouldlearntobemorecreative.B.Weshouldexpressouropinionsbravely.C.Weshouldraisemoneytosupportorganizations.D.Weshouldtryourbesttomaketheworldabetterplace.答案以及解析【夯实基础】答案以及解析1.答案：working解析：句意:我昨天看到他在花园里工作。work与其逻辑主语him是主动关系，表示动作正在进行，需用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填working。2.答案：running解析：句意:请节约用水，不要让水一直流。run与其逻辑主语water间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行，需用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填running。3.答案：targeted解析：考查过去分词。句意:图书馆将经常举办针对不同年龄群体的读书会。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语willhold，设空处应用非谓语动词。由句意可知，设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语。betargetedat为固定搭配，意为“以……为目标，针对……”，设空处作定语，因此要用过去分词形式targeted。4.答案：restricted解析：句意:所有车辆被限制在市内通行，人们不得不取消出行计划。restrict与其逻辑主语vehicles间是被动关系，故填restricted。5.答案：surrounded解析：考查过去分词。句意：当白雪公主醒过来的时候，她发现自己被七个小矮人围着。本空在句中作宾语补足语，且宾语herself与动词surround之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。【提升能力】6.答案：slide解析：句意:看看幻灯片上的例子。7.答案：carbon解析：句意:人类吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。8.答案：greenhouse解析：句意:你知道温室效应的真正含义吗?9.答案：scares解析：句意:一想起我不得不在黑暗中走过那片树林，我就感到害怕。10.答案：lecture解析：句意:历史专业的学生会对这个演讲特别有兴趣。【核心素养】A答案：1-4CADB1.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.(土地利用变化仍然是野生动物面临的最大威胁。)"可知，最近野生动物种群面临的最大威胁是土地利用变化。故选C。2.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Freshwaterpopulationshavereducedbyanaverageof83percentsince1970.Forexample...fellby65percentbetween1994and2016.(自1970年以来，淡水种群平均减少了83%。例如，从1994年到2016年，巴西亚马孙河地区的粉红河豚数量下降了65%。)"可推断，作者主要通过列举数字来解释淡水野生动物的减少。故选A。3.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Evenonespecies'populationreductioncanaffectotherspecies,eventuallyimpactingtheecosystem'sabilitytofunction.(甚至一个物种的数量减少也会影响到其他物种，最终影响到生态系统的运作能力。)"可知，物种多样性对维持稳定的生态系统很重要。故选D。4.答案：B解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段提到"从个人到公司再到政府，每个人在扭转这些趋势方面都发挥着作用。如果没有任何改变，动物的数量无疑将继续下降，导致野生动物灭绝，并威胁到我们所有人赖以生存的生态系统的整体性"，结合全文对野生动物数量减少的介绍可推断，本文的主要目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护自然。故选B。B答案：1-4DCAD1.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的"ItoldmymomIwouldliketohelpsavethemfromextinction.Sheaskedme，'How?'AndItoldhermyplan."可知"我"告诉了母亲"我"的帮助拯救濒危物种的计划。根据第二段内容及倒