高三上学期英语阅读理解专项练习小卷17

英语阅读理解专练小卷（17）WandaCinemaHOMECOMINGSept.30—Oct.20

Time:7:15p.m.(7:00p.m.onSept.30th)Tickets:Monday—Thursday:￥35Friday:￥39.9;Saturdays/Sundays:￥45.9297．HOMECOMINGstartsat________onOct.17.A．7:15a.m. B．7:00a.m. C．7:15p.m.298．IfMr.andMrs.WhitewanttogototheWandaCinemawiththeirsononMonday,theyneedtopay________.A．￥35 B．￥105 C．￥79.8Whomshouldyoumarry?Whereshouldyoulive?Howshouldyouspendyourtime?Forcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirgutinstincts(直觉)tofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Now,though,thereisabetterway.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.Therehaslongbeenoverwhelming-andoftensurprising-evidencethatalgorithms(算法)canbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(监狱)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色优秀运动员的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Infinance,thehedgefund(避险基金)RenaissanceTechnologiesdramaticallydefeatedcompetitorsbyseekingoutpatternsinstockmarketdataandusingthemtoinformitsinvestmentstrategy.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentsprovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolutionindecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsource(外包)ourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.299．Whatmakespeoplebetteratfindinganswerstolife-changingquestions?A．People’sbettergutinstincts. B．Changedhumanbehavior.C．Themoderninformationera. D．Variouscoursesaccessible.300．Accordingtoparagraph2,algorithmsmightNOTdefeatpeoplein______.A．courtrulings B．jobpromotionsC．operativeestimation D．teachingpractices301．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．TheplotofthemovieMoneyballisrelatedtosuccessfuldataanalysis.B．Scoutsandmanagersarenotneededinsuccessfulbaseballteams.C．ThehedgefundRenaissanceTechnologieshadsomefinancialproblems.D．TechfirmsinSiliconValleymainlyreliedondatatodesignwebsites.302．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Themoderninformationeraismatureenoughtotakeadvantageof.B．Peopleshouldoutsourceallthelifestylechoicestoalgorithms.C．Withbigdatapeoplecanlearnfromcountlesssimilarexamples.D．Face-to-faceconsultationwillbethemajortrendinthefuture.GardenerswhousepesticidesarecontributingtothedeclineofBritishsongbirds,astudysuggests.Scientistshaveurgedpeopletostop“sprayingtheirgardenswithpoisons”inordertohaltbirddeclineandadoptinsteadwildlife-friendlypractices.TheresultsoftheUniversityofSussexstudy,whichresearcherscallthefirstofitskind,werepublishedinthejournalScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.Theexperiment,whichsurveyed615gardensinBritain,found25%fewerhousesparrowswhenglyphosate(草甘膦)wasusedregularly.Thisisaningredientfoundincommonlyusedherbicide(除草剂)brandssuchasRounduporGallup.Slugpellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂)alsoseemedtohaveanimpactonbirdsightings;ingardenswhereSlugpelletswereused,housesparrownumbersweredownbyalmost40%.Prof.DaveGoulson,oftheschooloflifesciencesattheUniversityofSussex,said,“TheUKhas22milliongardens,whichcollectivelycouldbeafantasticrefugeforwildlife,butnotiftheyareoverlytidyandsprayedwithpoisons.Wejustdon’tneedpesticidesinourgardens.Manytownsaroundtheworldarenowpesticidefree.Weshouldsimplybantheuseofthesepoisonsinurbanareas,followingtheexampleofFrance.”TheRoyalHorticulturalSociety,theUK’sleadinggardeningcharity,saidtheuseofpesticidesandherbicidesshouldbeavoidedifpossibleandtheyshouldonlybeused,ifever,insmallandtargetedapplications.Theresearchalsofoundthatthosewhoadoptedwildlife-friendlypracticessuchasplantingnativeshrubsandflowers,ordiggingawildlifepond,sawmorebirdsthanthosewhodidnot.CannelleTassindeMontaigu,aPhDresearcherwithintheschooloflifesciencesandanauthorofthestudy,said,“It’sencouragingtofindthatsimplemeasures,suchasplantingnativeshrubsandtreesandcreatingapond,togetherwithavoidingtheuseofpesticides,reallymakeameasurabledifferencetothenumberofbirdsyouwillseeinyourgarden.”303．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Stop. B．Attract. C．Note. D．Witness.304．Whyarethestatisticsmentionedinparagraph2?A．Torevealthesevereinfluenceofpesticidesonbirds.B．Tocomparetheeffectsoftwokindsofpesticides.C．Toconvincereadersoftheimportanceofhousesparrows.D．Tohelpgardenerschoosetheproperpesticides.305．WhatcanbeinferredfromProf.DaveGoulson’swords?A．TheidealplacesforwildlifeintheUKareextremelytidygardens.B．ThegardensintheUKaresotidythatpesticidesarenotneeded.C．PesticidesshouldbeprohibitedfromusethroughouttheUK.D．SomecountrieslikeFrancehavemadeurbanareaspesticidefree.306．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Alternativemethodstokeepgardenstidy.B．Assistantwaystoincreasethenumberofbirds.C．Gardeners’attitudestowardstheexperiment.D．Otherresearchers’interestintheexperiment.Ican’tmissthelittleoldladywithherkerchief(方头巾)onherhead,ablackumbrellablowingallover.Icantellsheisfreezing.Sheisstandingatabusstop,andI’mdrivingby,lateformyearlymorningshift.Idecidetostopandofferheraride.Ofcourse,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainandinsist,finally,shegetsinthecar.Itakehertoherdestination,andbythetimeshegetsoutofmycar,sheissmilingandthanksme.Iwaslateforworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanewhabit,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.Ifthere’ssomeoneatabusstop,especiallyifit’sanelderlypersonwaitingatoffhoursandinbadweather,Iwillpulloverandaskiftheyneedaride.Once,ayoungdoctorjumpedin.Shehadfinishedalongshiftandhadbeenwaitingandwaitingatthebusstop.Shehadnohesitationand,forthefirsttime,Iwasabletohelpsomeonewhoperformsmiracles(奇迹)onadailybasis.Thatfeltgood.Butthebestpartofmyrideoffersistheconversation.Idotendtoaskalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecomestomind.Surprisingly,everyonewantstochat.Weareusuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.“Whatashame!”Ioftenthinkwhentheyhopout,asthestorieswerejustgettingstarted.Nowasretirementapproaches,IbelieveIhavefoundmycalling.Iwillbehappytojoinacommunitydrivingprogramtotakepeopletooneappointmentoranother–orperhapsjusttothecoffeeshoptositandlistenforanhour.Astheyearspass,perhapsIwillbetheonestandingatthebusstop.Perhapstherewillbesomebodywhorollsdownawindowandoffersmeaseatforalittleride.Iwillcontinuetotakethatleapoffaithinthekindnessofstrangers.307．Whatarethefirstthreeparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Howtheauthorstartedofferingrides.B．Thevalueoftheauthor’sactions.C．Anoldladywhoimpressedtheauthor.D．Anaccidentthathappened40yearsago.308．Whatdoestheauthorlikemostaboutherrideoffers?A．Helpingpeoplewhocontributetosociety.B．Peopleacceptingherofferwithouthesitation.C．Chattingwithherpassengers.D．Makingfriendswithherpassengers.309．Whatdoestheauthorplantodo?A．Becomeataxidriverafterretirement.B．Continuedrivingpeopletotheirdestinations.C．Waittobeofferedarideatabusstop.D．Shareherstorieswithmorepeople.310．Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A．Elderlypeopleneedmorecareandsupport.B．Itisimportanttofindapurposeinlife.C．Offeringridestostrangersinvolvesrisks.D．Alwaysbelieveinthegoodnessinpeople.IntraditionalstickpuppetshowsinShanxi,puppeteersholdupandmanipulate(操控)thepuppetsusingthreerods(杆).Thepuppetsaredressedintraditionalcostumesandfrolic(嬉戏)onstage.Theyareabletochangetheirfacialexpressionsandperformcomplicatedmovements.Suchartcan’tbecreatedwithoutthepainstakingeffortofpuppetmakerslikeWangMaowei,40,whoisfromXiaoyi,Shanxi.“WhenIchosepuppet-makingasateenager,Igraduallyfellinlovewithitanddecidedtodedicatemyselftothecraft,”Wangsaid.In2008,Xiaoyi’sstickpuppetplayswereaddedtothenationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.Ittakes40to50daystomakeastickpuppet.Theaverageheightofapuppetis75centimetersto1meter,andtheyhavedifferentcostumestofitvariousplaysandplots.“Tomakepuppets,youneedtohavesensitivityandabasicfoundationinthefinearts,”Wangsaid.TraditionalXiaoyipuppetplaysusethestyleoflocaloperas,whichareappealingtotheelderly.Yearsago,Wangrealizedthatplaysmustcatertothemarket.Hedecidedtostartwiththeappearanceofthepuppets.Stickpuppetsaretraditionallycarvedfromwoodandarebothtime-consumingtomakeandheavytohold.Wangfoundthataspecialkindofkraftpaperisaperfectsubstitute(替代品).Itmeanscraftspeoplecanputthingsinsidethepuppets’headstoallowthemtobeoperated—thenose,eyesandmouthofapuppetcanallmoveviatheuseofrods.JourneytotheWest,aclassicChinesenovel,hasbeenfrequentlyadaptedinpuppetshows.Inthetale,theMonkeyKingcanusehiseyestodistinguishmonstersfromordinaryhumanbeings.Torecreatethispowerinhisshow,WangmakestheMonkeyKingpuppetshootlaserbeams(激光)fromhiseyesandspit(喷)firefromhismouth.“Itrequirestimeandenergytocreateadelicatepieceofwork...ThesepuppetsarelikemyownchildrenandIalwaystakegoodcareofthem,”Wangsaid.311．AccordingtoWangMaowei,whatspecificskillsarerequiredformakingstickpuppets?A．Creativityandimagination.B．Patienceandphysicalstrength.C．Sensitivityandabasicknowledgeoffinearts.D．Engineeringandtechnologicalskills.312．WhydidWangdecidetousekraftpaperformakingstickpuppets?A．Toreduceproductiontimeandeffort.B．Tomakepuppetslookmorebeautiful.C．Toreducethecostsofmakingpuppets.D．Tomakethemlighterandeasiertooperate.313．HowdoesWangmaketheMonkeyKingpuppetunique?A．Bymakingitsinganddance.B．Bymakingitspitfirefromitsmouth.C．Bymakingitflyacrossthestage.D．Bymakingitshootlaserbeamsfromitsears.314．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinguish”inparagraph7mostlikelymean?A．tell B．appreciate C．enjoy D．prevent答案：297．C298．B【来源】湖南省湘乡市名民实验学校2023-2024学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《万里归途》这部电影在万达电影院的放映安排。297．细节理解题。根据文章“Time:7:15p.m.(7:00p.m.onSept.30th)(时间：上午7:15，9月30日上午7点。)”可知，10月17日在上午7:15开始放映，故选C。298．细节理解题。根据文章“Tickets:Monday-Thursday:￥35(票价：周一至周四：35元。)”可知，如果怀特先生和怀特夫人以及他们的儿子在周一的时候去看的话，他们需要支付：35元乘以3等于105元，故选B。299．C300．D301．A302．C【来源】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题（含听力）【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者陈述并论证了自己的观点：我们应该拥抱大数据让它参与人生重大决定。299．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.(我们正生活在一个数据爆炸的时代，关于人类行为各个方面的大量信息变得越来越容易获取。我们可以利用这些大数据来帮助确定绘制地图的最佳路线。)”可知。作者主要的观点是在信息时代利用大数据去帮助自己决定选择哪条路径。故选C项。300．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(监狱)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.(例如，他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是应该留在监狱还是释放时，会比法官做得更好；在决定病人是否应该接受手术方面比医生做得更好；而且比学校校长更擅长决定哪些老师应该升职。)”可知，数据驱动的算法在这些方面表现更好：在法官决定被告人是该监禁还是释放方面；在医生决定病人是否该做手术方面；在学校校长决定哪些老师应该升职方面，在以上方面，算法都比人类做的好，由此可知，只有“教学实践”方面有可能不会打败人类。故选D项。301．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色优秀运动员的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.(数据分析的力量在体育和商业领域也得到了证明。正如书和电影《点球成金》(Moneyball)所述，棒球队发现算法在挑选球员方面比球探好，在挑选策略方面比经理好。)”可知，在电影《点球成金》中，算法在挑选球员和挑选策略方面比人类要好，由此可知，电影“点球成金”中的情节与成功的数据分析有关系。故选A项。302．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.(相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万与我们面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策。我们现在就能做到。)”可知，作者认为，在众多面临着类似的困境的人那里获取的数据，能极大地帮助人们的决策，所以作者应该赞成“我们可以运用大数据从类似的例子中学习”这一观点。故选C项。303．A304．A305．D306．B【来源】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题（含听力）【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，使用杀虫剂造成英国鸣禽数量减少。为遏制这一趋势，科学家们向英国的园丁们介绍了一些合适的环保做法。303．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“GardenerswhousepesticidesarecontributingtothedeclineofBritishsongbirds,astudysuggests.Scientistshaveurgedpeopletostop“sprayingtheirgardenswithpoisons”(一项研究表明，使用杀虫剂的园丁正在导致英国鸣禽数量的减少。科学家敦促人们停止“向花园喷洒毒药”)”可知，杀虫剂的使用造成了鸣禽减少，科学家呼吁人们停止使用这些杀虫剂。由此推知，科学家呼吁的目的在于遏制这一趋势，阻止鸣禽数量减少，halt与stop意思相近，意为“阻止，制止”。故选A项。304．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Theexperiment,whichsurveyed615gardensinBritain,found25%fewerhousesparrowswhenglyphosate(草甘膦)wasusedregularly.Thisisaningredientfoundincommonlyusedherbicide(除草剂)brandssuchasRounduporGallup.Slugpellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂)alsoseemedtohaveanimpactonbirdsightings;ingardenswhereSlugpelletswereused,housesparrownumbersweredownbyalmost40%.(这项调查了英国615个花园的实验发现，定期使用草甘膦可以减少25%的家麻雀。这是一种在常用除草剂（如Roundup或Gallup）品牌中发现的成分。鼻涕虫杀虫剂似乎也对鸟类景观有影响；在使用鼻涕虫杀虫剂的花园中，麻雀的数量下降了近40%。)”可知，本段通过列数据说明了两种杀虫剂成分导致英国花园中的鸣禽数量大幅减少。由此推知，列出数据是为了证明第一段中研究者所做出的发现，即杀虫剂严重影响了英国的鸣禽。故选A项。305．推理判断题。根据第三段中DaveGoulson教授所说的话“Wejustdon’tneedpesticidesinourgardens.Manytownsaroundtheworldarenowpesticidefree.Weshouldsimplybantheuseofthesepoisonsinurbanareas,followingtheexampleofFrance.(我们的花园不需要杀虫剂。世界上许多城镇现在都没有杀虫剂了。我们应该效仿法国，干脆禁止在城市地区使用这些毒药。)”可推知，像法国这样的一些国家已经禁止城市地区使用杀虫剂。故选D项。306．主旨大意题。通读最后一段内容，并结合其中的最后一句“It’sencouragingtofindthatsimplemeasures,suchasplantingnativeshrubsandtreesandcreatingapond,togetherwithavoidingtheuseofpesticides,reallymakeameasurabledifferencetothenumberofbirdsyouwillseeinyourgarden.”.(令人鼓舞的是，发现一些简单的措施，比如种植本地灌木和树木，建造一个池塘，同时避免使用杀虫剂，真的会对你在花园里看到的鸟类数量产生可测量的影响。”。)”可知，本段主要介绍了增加鸟类数量的辅助方法。故选B项。307．A308．C309．B310．D【来源】宁夏银川三沙源上游学校2023-2024学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时，会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年，最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我，当有人摇下车窗时，我会继续相信陌生人的善良。307．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Idecidetostopandofferheraride.(我决定停下来载她一程)”，第二段“Ofcourse,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainandinsist,finally,shegetsinthecar.(当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次询问并坚持时，她终于上车了)”和第三段“Iwaslateforworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanewhabit,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.(那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。那是40年前的事了，一个新习惯的开始，当我在恶劣的天气里开车时，这个习惯还会继续)”可知，前三段主要讲的是作者是如何开始提供搭车服务的。故选A。308．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Butthebestpartofmyrideoffersistheconversation.(但我提供的乘车服务中最棒的部分是我们之间的对话)”可知，在行车过程中，作者最喜欢的是与乘客聊天。故选C。309．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Nowasretirementapproaches,IbelieveIhavefoundmycalling.Iwillbehappytojoinacommunitydrivingprogramtotakepeopletooneappointmentoranother—orperhapsjusttothecoffeeshoptositandlistenforanhour.(现在，随着退休的临近，我相信我已经找到了自己的使命。我将很乐意参加一个社区驾驶项目，带人们去赴约——或者只是去咖啡店坐下来听一个小时)”可知，作者打算继续把人们送到目的地