英语句子结构分析.课件

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习2021/12/21英语句子结构分析.1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。

Thesunrisesintheeast（名词）

Helikesdancing.（代词）

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)

Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）

Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）

Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）

Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.

（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）2021/12/22英语句子结构分析.(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.2021/12/23英语句子结构分析.谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。WestudyEnglish.

Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.

A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer2021/12/24英语句子结构分析.③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?

A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon2021/12/25英语句子结构分析.3.宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：IlikeChina.（名词）

Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）2021/12/26英语句子结构分析.2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾

Areyouafraidofthesnake?

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.

3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegaveme

abookyesterday.

Givethepoorman

somemoney2021/12/27英语句子结构分析.(四)划出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?2021/12/28英语句子结构分析.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?2021/12/29英语句子结构分析.5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.

（名词）

Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名词）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)2021/12/210英语句子结构分析.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（介词短语）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）2021/12/211英语句子结构分析.(五)划出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?2021/12/212英语句子结构分析.3.表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.

（名词）

Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）

Heisasleep.

（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）

Thepictureisonthewall.

(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.

（形容词化的分词）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（（表语从句）2021/12/213英语句子结构分析.（常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）,taste（尝、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感觉），become,turn,get,grow…Itsoundsagoodidea.

Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.

Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.

Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.

NowIfeeltired.2021/12/214英语句子结构分析.(三)挑出下列句中的表语①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.

②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.2021/12/215英语句子结构分析.6.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.（名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongtothethirdworld.（数词）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容词）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（现在分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定语从句）2021/12/216英语句子结构分析.(六)挑出下列句中的定语①Whatisyourgivenname?②OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.③ItalkedwithamendressedinblueT-shirt.④Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.2021/12/217英语句子结构分析.7.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.

HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.

Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.2021/12/218英语句子结构分析.

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