八年级英语的形容词和副词的比较级与最高级专项课件

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级8a-Unit

6The

six

students

put

their

hands

closed

(close)in

front

ofthem.Do

sports

erery

day

tokeephealthy(health).It

snowed

heavily

(heavy)

yesterday.The

rain

will

be

heavy

(heavy)

in

someplaces.It

willbe

sunny

(sun)

tomorrow.Her

pen

was

broken

(break).Revision形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.一、形容词和副词的概念二、形容词和副词的用法①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰

的名词之前。如:a

new

book,two

big

trees等。②形容词放在系动词be

、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.I

amshort.She

looksfine.They

turn

green.③如果形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,

everything,

nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:something

interesting

nothing

new④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.She works

hard

.（修饰动词）I

am

very busy.（修饰形容词）He

runs

too

quickly.（修饰副词）We

play

happily.

（修饰动词）⑤通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。real

→slow

→

slowlyusual

→

usuallyeasy

→

easilyreallycareful→

carefullyhappy→

happilyheavy

→

heavily

angry→

angrilybigbiggerLook

at

the

pictures

andunderstand看图并理解Look

at

the

pictures

andunderstand看图并理解bigbiggerbiggestfastLook

at

the

pictures

andunderstand看图并理解fastfasterLook

at

the

pictures

andunderstand看图并理解fasterfastestLook

at

the picturesand

understand看图并理解fast三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。

small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly①程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。如：very

tall、

too

hot、

so

coldquite

interesting run

quickly②as…as,(与…一样）not

as（so)…as（与…不一样）中间用原级。The

story

is

as

interesting

as

that

one.The

question

isnot

as

/

so

difficult

as

that

one.2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than(比）单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more.如:smaller,

better,

taller,

older,

more,hardermore

interesting

,

more

quickly3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。标志词：in+大范围,of

all,of+the+具体的数字表示“最……”的意思。（两者以上用最高级）单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most.

在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如：smallest,tallest,newest,bestmostinteresting,

most

difficultly单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：不规则变化，要多加注意哦！good→

better

→bestbad

→

worse

→worstmany→more

→

mostlittle

→

less

→

leastwell→better

→

bestbadly→worse→worstmuch→more→most

far→

farther→

farthestimportantnicebigmuch给出下列词的比较级和最高级moreimportanteasy

easier

wet

wetter

happy

happier

careful morecareful

thin

thinner

good

better

hot

hotter

easily

moreeasily

many

more

nicerbiggerbiggestheaviestheavy

heavier

delicious

moredeliciousmore mostimportant

easiest

wettest

happiest

mostcareful

thinnest

best

hottest

mosteasily

mostnicestmostdeliciousmostMore

examples:Mary

is

clevererthan

her

little

sister.The

new

building

is

higher

than

the

old

one.His

shirt

is

more

expensivethan

mine.Kate

is

more

beautifulthan

Lily

is.She

isfive

years

older

than

I

am.He

is

2

centimeters

taller

than

her.This

ruler

is

20

centimeters

longer

than

thatone.比较级的用法：

…than…汤姆比杰克高.Tom

is

taller

than

Jack.这只箱子要比那只箱子大.This

boxis

bigger

than

that

one.那些苹果比这些大.Those

apples

are

bigger

than

these

ones.第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易.The

first

question

is

very

easy,

butthe

second

one

is

easier.(2)数量的比较我的笔比你的多.I

have

more

pens

than

you

(do).我喝的茶比他多.I

drinkmore

tea than

he(does).他吃的饭比我少.He

has

less

rice

than

I(do).一班的学生比二班多.There

are

more

studentsin

Class

1

than

inClass2.More

examples:He

isthe

youngest

of

all

the

children.This

book

isthe

most

interesting

of

all

books.America

isthe

most

developed

country

in

theworld.The

Changjiang

River

is

the

longest

river

in

China.He

is

one

of

the

greatest

scientistsin

China.The

city

is

one

of

the

most

beautiful

cities

in

the

world.Lucy

is

one

of

the

tallest

girls

in

her

class.Give

my

best

wishes

to

you.He

is

mybest

friend.形容词最高级的用法

(…in…;

…of…)那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.The

girl

with

red

hair

is

the

tallest

in

our

class.今天是一年中最热的一天.Today

isthe

hottest

dayof

theyear.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.His

room

isthe

cleanest

of

the

three.上海是中国最大的城市.Shanghai

is

the

largest

in

China.1.The

new

building

is

higher

than

the

old

one.

Those

apples

are

bigger

than

these

ones.2.His

shirt

is

more

expensive

than

mine.如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或as

之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词that，those,one

,ones.3.Kate

ismore

beautifulthan

Lilyis.

She

is

five

years

older

than

I

am.

Idrinkmoretea than

he

(does).than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词情态动词can,

may,

must,

could,should和助动词do,does

,did,will，have等来简答。4.I

have

more

pens

than

you

(do).many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。5.The

city

is

one

of

the

most

beautifulcitiesin

the

world.one

of+

the+最高级+复数名词Which/Who…+

比较级，A

or

B?Which/Who…+

最高级，A

，B

or

C?6.Who

is

older,

Jim

or

Tom

?Who

is

the

tallest,

Jim

,

Mike

or

Tom,

English,

French

or

Chinese?A.difficult B.

more

difficult

C.

the

most

difficultWhich

language

is

C7.

Mary

is

the

tallest

of

all

the

sisters

in

the

family.在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。8.This

is

the

third

largest

city

in China

.当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加second,

third,等词。9.It’s

our

largest

machine

in

our

factory.当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。beautiful

–

more

beautiful

–

most

beautifulinteresting

–

more

interesting

–

most

interestingdangerous

–

more

dangerous

–

mostdangerous2、某些单音节形容词，加more,most

构成比较级和最高级。glad

–more

glad–

mostgladpleased

–

more

pleased

–

most

pleasedtired

–

more

tired

–

most

tiredoften-more

often-most

often3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+than+比较对象”。eg:

The

road

is

two

metres

longer

than

that one

.这条公路比那条公路长两米。This

pencil

is

four

inches

shorter

than

that one

.这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more

和most构成比较级和最高级。friendly

huge

calm

free

true

clever5、形容词原级的比较。形容词的原级与as……as连用表示肯定意思，是“和……一样”的意思；与not

as/

so

……as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。She

is

as

pretty

as

hermother.The

book

isas

new

as

that

one.The

story

is

as

interesting

as

that

one.The

question

isnot

as

/

so

difficult

as

that

one.My

bike

isnot

as

/

so

good

asyours.6、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，a

little(……一点)，abit(一点)，alot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。eg:

I

am

even

less

lucky.

She

is

far

better

than

me

atwriting.This

pen

ismuch

better

than

that

one.Tom

is

a

little

shorter

than

his

friend

Jim.7. 形容词的比较级

+

and+ 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个）越来越……She

is

becomingthinner

andthinner.Our

country

is

becoming

richer

andricher.There

aremore

and

more

students

in

ourschool.Living

in

the

world

is

becoming

more

andmoredifficult.8、the+形容词的比较级+……+the+形容词的比较级表示“越……，就越……”The

moreyou

eat,

the

fatter

you

will

be.

The

harder

you

study,

the

more

you

will

get.The

smallerthe

house

is,

the

less

it

will

cost.The

sooner,

the

better.9、the

+形容词比较级+

of短语

两者中比较……的一个She

is

the

prettier

of

the

two

girls.The

bike

is

the

older

ofthe

two.His

isthe

taller

of

the

two.This

one

isthe

more

beautiful

of

the

the

twopicture.10.表示“……是……的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。eg:

This

classroom

is

three

times

as

big

as

that

one.This

classroom

is

twice

bigger

than

that

one.Make

Comparisons1.

Write

down

the

comparatives

and

the

superlatives

ofthesewordslongsafehighnewthirstyfewcheapheavyoldbigyoungeasythinnicelatehardexpensivequicklyinterestinggoodbadcarefullylittle

farmany/muchFollow

ups(随堂练习)?1、---Mr

Zhou,all

of

the

students

in

our

group,who

lives---I

think

Li

Leidoes.A.

fat B.father C.

farthest D.

farest2、The

Changjiang

River

is than

any

other

river

in

China.A.

socarefulC.

carefullyasB.

as

carefully

asD.

as

careful

asCBA.shorter B.

longer C