湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题（解析版）

2023-2024-1麓山国际高三上入学考试英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAllthetasteofa4-hourslow-cookedmealwithnoneoftheeffortIndulge(尽情享受)inaslow-cookedmealinminutesIt’snowpossibletoenjoyalltheamazingtasteandflavourofaslowcookedmealwithinminutesthankstoParsleyBox.OurnewSlowCookedrangeisperfectforindulgentnightsinwhenyouwantsomethingdelicious,butconvenient—anydayoftheweek.WithParsleyBox,wedoallthepreparationandhoursofcookingforyou.Simplypopourmealsinthemicrowaveandtheyarereadyinlessthan3minutes.WealsodeliverdirecttoyourdooracrosstheUK.Thatmeanslesstimecookingandshoppingandmoretimeforthethingsyoulove.Plus,ourmealscanbestoredeasilyinyourpantryorcupboardforupto6monthssavingyouthatallimportantfridgeandfreezerspace,andsavingmoneyonenergycoststoo!PremiumrestaurantqualitymealsatanastonishingpriceOurnewmealsaresuretowarmyouup.We’vetakenrestaurantclassicslikeCoqAuVin,BeefBourguignon,ChickenChasseurandBeefStroganoffandmadethemwithcarefullyselectedcutsofmeatandslowcookedthemeatsinrichsaucestodeliverbolddishes.We’vecreatedanexclusiveofferforyouof8ofourslowcookedmeals,twoportionsofdecadentpotatodauphinoiseandaFREEbottleofCabernetSauvignon(375ml)allforanexclusiveintroductorypriceofjust£34.99.Shoponlinetodayat:parsleybox.com/RD23orcallourfriendlycustomerserviceteamon01313260131andquotecodeRD23.1.WhatservicecanParsleyBoxofferyou?A.Toputyourmealsinthemicrowave. B.Todelivermealsdirecttoyourdoor.C.Tocookmealsforyouinyourkitchen. D.Toplacethemealsinyourcupboard.2.Whichoneofthefollowingisthereasonforqualitymeals?A.Carefullyselectedvegetable. B.Usenosaucestocookthemeat.C.Cookthemeatsslowlywithsauces. D.Mixtwoportionsofpotatoandwine.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toteachpeopletocookdeliciousmeals. B.Toencouragepeopletoordermeals.C.Toallowpeopletoenjoymealsfreeofcharge. D.Toinspirepeopletomakeanadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了提供餐食的ParsleyBox服务，介绍了服务和菜品特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WealsodeliverdirecttoyourdooracrosstheUK.(我们也在英国各地直接送货上门)”可知，ParsleyBox可以提供直接送餐上门服务。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We’vetakenrestaurantclassicslikeCoqAuVin,BeefBourguignon,ChickenChasseurandBeefStroganoffandmadethemwithcarefullyselectedcutsofmeatandslowcookedthemeatsinrichsaucestodeliverbolddishes.(我们借鉴了CoqAuVin，BeefBourguignon，ChickenChasseur和BeefStroganoff等餐厅经典菜肴，用精心挑选的肉块烹制而成，用丰富的酱汁慢炖，做出大胆的菜肴)”可知，我们选择了经典的餐厅菜品，肉在丰富的酱汁中慢煮，由此可知，优质膳食的原因是用调料慢慢煮肉。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Indulge(尽情享受)inaslow-cookedmealinminutes中的“It’snowpossibletoenjoyalltheamazingtasteandflavourofaslowcookedmealwithinminutesthankstoParsleyBox.OurnewSlowCookedrangeisperfectforindulgentnightsinwhenyouwantsomethingdelicious,butconvenient—anydayoftheweek.(多亏了ParsleyBox，现在你可以在几分钟内享受到一顿慢炖大餐的美味和味道。当你想要美味但方便的东西时，我们的新慢煮系列是完美地享受晚上——一周的任何一天——的东西)”以及最后一段“Shoponlinetodayat:/RD23orcallourfriendlycustomerserviceteamon01313260131andquotecodeRD23(今天在网上购物：/RD23或致电我们友好的客户服务团队01313260131，报价代码RD23)”可知，文章主要介绍了提供餐食的ParsleyBox服务，介绍了服务和菜品特色，由此推知，文章的目的是鼓励人们点餐。故选B。B★Restaurants,cafesandthelikeareforeatinganddrinking,right?That’sano-brainer,yousay?That’syournaturalreaction,I’dsay.Now,think.Rewindyourmind.Whatdoyourecall?Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.Whatyouwitnessissmallgroupsreading-writing,eating-sipping,browsing-downloading,copying-pasting,banding-bonding.Youngstersareatitdayafterday,asifthere’snotomorrow,asiftheyareinaraceagainsttimetouploadasmuchknowledgeaspossibleintotheirbrains.Itwasn’tlikethisbefore.Previousgenerationsofstudentswouldvisitcafesforcoffee,tea,softdrinksorsnacks,maybeshareabitofgood-naturedjokeswiththeir”gang“members.Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary.Backinmyhometownduringthelate‘80sandtheearly‘90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatheratourhomes,takingturns,intherun-uptokeyexams.Duringsuch”night-outs“,wewouldstudy,exchangenotes,shareinsights,brainstormtosolvetrickyproblems,anticipatetestquestions,andprepareaccordingly.Notinfrequently,wewoulddiscusssportsevents,movies,filmstarsand,ofcourse,girls.Digital-agekidsdoitdifferentlynow.Why?Icanonlyguess.TheforemostreasonisfreeWi-Fiandallthatitoffers.Theenvironmentatinstitutionallibrariesmaynotbetomillennials’(千禧一代的)liking.Or,isitbigpocketmoneyorsalaryearnedfrompart-timejobs?Maybe,justagenerationalthing,alifestyletrend,ortheresultofthesingle-childsystem.Oneofmyyoungercolleagues,abusinessjournalist,lastmonthmarriedherchildhoodsweetheart,aheartsurgeon,and,shetoldme,itallstartedbackatschool.So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,soimportantwhenaddictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.4.Whatfactdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningtrendycafes?A.Theyaredigitallypowered. B.Theyreplacecollegelibraries.C.Theyarespecificallydesigned. D.Theybecometeenagehangouts.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”it“inParagraph6referto?A.Exam-relatedstudy. B.Theuseofcomputers.C.Movie-themeddiscussion. D.Socialcommunication.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesrestaurantsandbarsinthelastparagraph?A.Old-fashionedinstyle. B.Helpfulforsocialinteractions.C.Luxuriousindecoration. D.Convenientforuse.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RestaurantsandCafesintheDigitalTimesB.HowMillennialsAreChangingRestaurantsC.Eat,Study,BondatWi-Fi-Enabled”Temples“D.BestCafeswithFreeWi-FiforWorkorStudy【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本篇为说明文。主要讲了现在的年轻人喜欢呆在有网络的咖啡馆里，聚会、工作或学习。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?”（餐馆和咖啡馆难道不是新的学习殿堂吗?）和第三段“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.”（对年轻人来说，时髦的咖啡馆是新的聚会场所，是共同学习的中心。）可知，关于时尚咖啡馆，作者强调的事实是它们成了青少年常去的地方。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。由第四段“Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary.”（对于考试相关的学习，城市图书馆或大学图书馆都有安静的区域。）和第五段“Backinmyhometownduringthelate‘80sandtheearly‘90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatheratourhomes,takingturns,intherun-uptokeyexams.”（上世纪80年代末和90年代初，在我的家乡，我和几个同学会轮流聚集在家里，准备重要的考试。）可知，这里的it指的是考试相关的学习。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,soimportantwhenaddictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.”（因此，餐馆和咖啡馆促进了现实生活中的互动，这在沉迷于网络社交媒体使年轻人变得不善交际的情况下非常重要。）可知，餐馆或咖啡馆促进年轻人在现实生活中的互动，所以是有作用的。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段尾句“Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?”（餐馆和咖啡馆难道不是新的学习殿堂吗?）和第三段首句“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.”（对年轻人来说，时髦的咖啡馆是新的聚会场所，是共同学习的中心。）可知，文章主要讲了有网络氛围的餐馆和咖啡馆不仅仅是吃饭的地方，它们成为年轻人小聚、工作或学习的场所，故选C项。CAnthillPlasticsGroup,inClearwater,Florida,recentlywelcomedanewteammember.Onhisfirstdayroutineheperformedtherepetitivetasksrequiredofhimwithflexibility,cooperatingcomfortablyalongsideemployees.Sawyerisoneofthefleetofrobotsnowlaboringintheworld’sfactories.Someearlierindustrialrobotshavebeencreatedtodisplacepeople.Instead,Sawyerisacollaborativerobot,alsoknownasa“co-bot”.Directinteractionbetweenrobotsandhumansatworkischangingthefaceofmanufacturing.Suchinteractionalsomeansthatroboticistsneedtodesigneffectiveteammatesaswellasefficientworkers.Co-botsoperateinafieldwherehumanthoughts,humanmodesofcommunicationandhumansafetyareparamount(首要的).RethinkRobotics,afirminBoston,hadthisinmindwhenitdevelopedSawyer,aone-armedco-bot,andhistwo-armedcolleague,Baxter,withcamerasandtouchsensors.Andtheirmostnoticeablefeatureisascreenthatdisplayscartoonlikehumanfacialelements.Suchfacesarenotmeanttopleaseworkers(thoughtheydo).Theyare,rather,in-tendedtopromotecommunicationbetweenhumansandmachines.Thenthereisabasicprecaution.Iftherobotdetectsforcetoppingasafelevel,itstopsmovinginstantly,toensurethereisnoriskofinjurytoanyone.Toomuchofthisstop-startcan,however,lowerefficiency.ResearchersofRethinkRoboticshavefound,bytrackingindetailhumanmovementssuchastherelationshipbetweenshouldersandelbows,ortheswingofthebody,thattheycanpredictwherearobotshouldavoidbeingnext,ifitistoavoidhumancontact.RethinkRoboticsarealsolookingatsafety-intheircasebycreatingrobotswithsoftertoplayers.Softermaterialsnotonlyprovidegreaterflexibilityfortheco-botswhengrasping,butalsolessentheriskofinjurywhenincidentalcontactismadebetweenhumansandrobots.Howlong,ifever,itwillbebeforesuchrobotstrulymatchthemarketingsloganoftheSiriusCyberneticsCorporation,afictionalfirminDouglasAdams’screation,“TheHitchhiker’sGuidetotheGalaxy”,remainstobeseen.Butevenifnotactuallyfuntobewith,yourplasticpalwillbecomeincreasinglyeffective.8.WhywasSawyerinventedaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Toworkwithhumanworkers. B.Todealwiththerepetitivetasks.C.Toenableworkerstoworkflexibly. D.Toreplacethelongtimeemployees.9Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.Baxterisanupdatedco-bot. B.Robotshavecartoonlikehumanfaces.C.Co-botsaredesignedforefficientworkers. D.Human-centeredneedsareco-bots’priority.10.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindecreasingco-bots’efficiency?A.Trackinghumanmovements. B.Predictingalowerrisknearby.C.Constantlystoptoavoidpotentialrisks. D.Frequentlyphysicalcontactwithhumans.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsco-bots?A.Tolerant. B.Ambiguous. C.Appreciative. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人Sawyer是一个协作机器人，可以与人合作。介绍了Sawyer的特点以及优缺点。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Instead,Sawyerisacollaborativerobot,alsoknownasa“co-bot”.(相反，Sawyer是一个协作机器人，也被称为“co-bot”)”可知，发明Sawyer是为了与人合作。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Co-botsoperateinafieldwherehumanthoughts,humanmodesofcommunicationandhumansafetyareparamount(首要的).(在合作机器人运作的领域，人类的思维、人类的沟通模式和人类的安全是最重要的)”可推知，以人为本的需求是合作机器人的优先考虑。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Iftherobotdetectsforcetoppingasafelevel,itstopsmovinginstantly,toensurethereisnoriskofinjurytoanyone.Toomuchofthisstop-startcan,however,lowerefficiency.(如果机器人检测到力超过安全水平，它会立即停止移动，以确保任何人都没有受伤的风险。然而，这种“走走停停”过多会降低效率)”可知，造成工作效率低下的原因是co-bots随时会为避免危险而停下.故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butevenifnotactuallyfuntobewith,yourplasticpalwillbecomeincreasinglyeffective.(但即使和你的塑料伙伴在一起并不有趣，你的塑料伙伴也会变得越来越有效)”可推知，作者对协作机器人持欣赏、支持的态度。故选C。DScientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(镰状细胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.TheexperimentaltransfusionwasdoneatAddenbrooke’sHospitalinCambridge,England,aspartofacollaborative(合作的)effortamongUKscientiststounderstandhowlab-madebloodtransfusionscouldwork.ThescientiststookwholebloodfromdonorsinaUKdatabaseandseparatedoutthestemcells.Thesearethebody’srawmaterials—thecellsfromwhichallspecializedcells,likearedbloodcell,cangenerate.Theresearchersgrewredbloodcellsfromthosestemcellsandtransfusedthemintotwohealthyvolunteers.Thetransfusionsinvolvedonlyatinyamountofblood:theequivalentofoneortwoteaspoons.Astandardbloodtransfusionwouldinvolvemanyhundredtimesthatamount.Thisstageofthetrialinvolvestwominitransfusionsatleastfourmonthsapart,onewithastandarddonationofredcellsandtheotherwithlab-madecellsfromthesamedonor.Theresearchersarecloselymonitoringthevolunteerstodeterminewhethertheprocesswassafe.Theysaytherehavebeenwith“nosideeffects”sofar.They’realsowatchinghowlongthelab-growncellslastcomparedwithaninfusion(灌输)ofstandardredbloodcells.Redbloodcellstypicallylastabout120days,butatransfusionfromastandarddonationcontainscellsthatareavarietyofagesbecausethebonemarrow(骨髓)continuouslymakesthesecells.Previoustestshaveshownthatmanufacturedcellsfunctionlikenormalcellsandthattheselab-madecellsarelikelytosurvivelongeroverallwhileincirculation.Thisstudywilldetermineforthefirsttimewhetherthat’strue.Furthertrialswillbenecessarytodeterminewhethertherecouldbeaclinicaluseofthislab-grownproduct.Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferencetopeoplewithsicklecelldisease,thosewhodevelopantibodies(抗体)againstmostdonorbloodtypes,orthosewithgeneticdisordersinwhichtheirbodycan’tmakeredbloodcellsorthebloodcellstheymakedon’tworkwell.12.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthelab-maderedbloodcellstransfusion?A.Itmaymakeiteasiertogetblooddonors.B.Itmaygrowredbloodcellsfromthestemcells.C.Itmayendthedangeroustransfusionreactions.D.Itmaydevelopantibodiesagainstmanydonorbloodtypes.13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexperimentalprocedure?A.Itiswidelyconsiderednotsafedespitemanyexperiments.B.Thetwominitransfusionsshouldn’tbecarriedoutcloselytogether.C.Theresearcherstransfusedstemcellsintovolunteerstomonitorthem.D.Astandardbloodtransfusiononlyneedtoinvolveatinyamountofblood.14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Theprocessoflab-madebloodtransfusionsprovessafesofar.B.Lab-madecellssurvivelongeroverallthannormalcellsincirculation.C.Therearetwominitransfusionswithlab-madecellsintheexperiment.D.Thestemcells,asthebody’srawmaterials,can’tproducered1bloodcells.15.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Asmallamountofbloodcanmakeadifference.B.Lab-madecellsoutweighnormalcellsinatransfusion.C.Lab-madecellscancontributetoblood-relateddiseases.DLab-madecelltransfusionscanreplacenormalblooddonations.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学家们在世界上首次将实验室制造的红细胞输进一名人类志愿者体内，专家们认为这项试验对患有罕见血液病的人有巨大的潜力。文章介绍了研究开展的经过和发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(镰状细胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.(在世界首例试验中，科学家将实验室制造的红细胞输注到一名人类志愿者体内。专家说，这项试验对血型难以匹配或患有镰状细胞病等疾病的人具有重大潜力。这项研究有一天可能意味着长期寻找合适的供体或危险的输血反应的结束)”可知，实验室制造的红细胞输血功能是它可能结束危险的输血反应。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisstageofthetrialinvolvestwominitransfusionsatleastfourmonthsapart,onewithastandarddonationofredcellsandtheotherwithlab-madecellsfromthesamedonor.(试验的这一阶段包括两次相隔至少4个月的小规模输血，一次是标准捐献的红细胞，另一次是来自同一捐赠者的实验室制造的细胞)”可知，两次微量输血不能紧密地同时进行。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Theresearchersarecloselymonitoringthevolunteerstodeterminewhethertheprocesswassafe.Theysaytherehavebeenwith“nosideeffects”sofar.(研究人员正在密切监视志愿者，以确定这个过程是否安全。他们说，到目前为止，还没有出现“副作用”)”可知，A选项“到目前为止，实验室制造的输血过程是安全的”正确。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(镰状细胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.(在世界首例试验中，科学家将实验室制造的红细胞输注到一名人类志愿者体内。专家说，这项试验对血型难以匹配或患有镰状细胞病等疾病的人具有重大潜力。这项研究有一天可能意味着长期寻找合适的供体或危险的输血反应的结束)”以及最后一段“Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferencetopeoplewithsicklecelldisease,thosewhodevelopantibodies(抗体)againstmostdonorbloodtypes,orthosewithgeneticdisordersinwhichtheirbodycan’tmakeredbloodcellsorthebloodcellstheymakedon’tworkwell.(这项研究最终可能会对镰状细胞病患者、对大多数供体血型产生抗体的人、或者那些身体不能制造红细胞或制造的血细胞不能正常工作的遗传疾病患者产生影响)”结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过和发现。可知，这篇文章主要讲了实验室制造的细胞可能有助于血液相关疾病。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?____16____FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.____17____Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.Sohowdoweavoidbeingtrappedintoourowninsecuritiesbysocialmedia?Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.____18____Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.____19____Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.Leantoshakeitoff.Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?____20____Andevenifyouaremoreeasilyaffectedthanothersbysocialmediaenvy,allyouneedtodoistolookaroundyouandacknowledgethatyouaredoingprettywellafterall.A.Ifso,youarenotalone.B.Valueyourfriendsinreallife.C.Learntoappreciatethepositives.D.Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?E.TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.F.Thefeelingthatweareleftouthaslong-termdamagingpsychologicalconsequences.GHaveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免社交媒体中的嫉妒感。【16题详解】根据前句“Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?(你是否经常感到生活离你而去，尤其是当你浏览社交媒体网站时，面对着朋友们正在做的所有令人兴奋的事情?)”及下一段“FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).(FOMO指的是别人的生活比我们自己的生活更优越的看法。它表现为一种强烈的嫉妒感，持续暴露在这种情绪下会削弱我们的自尊。)”可知，空处为承上启下句，即强烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感觉，引出下文对FOMO的介绍。所以选择项A“Ifso,youarenotalone.(如果是这样，你并不孤单。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。【17题详解】根据前句“Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.(嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人类的天性，而社交媒体似乎在火上浇油。)”和后文“Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.(社交媒体，以其固有的吸引力，让我们只分享我们生活中最好的一面，而忽略了更无聊的方面。虽然这可以被定性为不诚实，但这似乎是社交媒体所需要的氛围。)”可知，空处提问社交媒体为什么会有火上浇油的刺激作用，以引出下文对其原因的介绍。所以选择项D“Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?(为什么它有这样的刺激作用？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据前句“Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.(考虑一下你自己的社交媒体帖子。)”和后文“Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.(其他人也是如此。而他们所隐藏的事实是，无聊、孤独和不愉快的家务是每个人生活中不可避免的一部分，你不是唯一一个被忽略的人。)”可知，呈现在社交媒体上一般都是经过选择过的，代表生活美好方面的。所以选择项G“Haveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?(你有没有选择过一些照片，让别人对你的生活得出最美好的结论？)”符合上下文语境。故选G。【19题详解】空处为本段主题句，根据后文“Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.(你可能不是高档派对的常客，也不是攀登令人眼花缭乱的高峰的人，但你有健康的身体，有居住的地方，有真正的朋友，他们会欣赏你在他们生活中的存在。)”可知，本段主要介绍要学会欣赏积极的事物。所以选择项C“Learntoappreciatethepositives.(学会欣赏积极的事物。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据前句“Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?(我们每天都被别人完美的照片淹没，但说真的，这有什么关系呢?)”可知，我们不能社交媒体上的完美照片的影响，因为它们不一定是真实的。所以选择项E“TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.(它们可能并不比最有趣的电视真人秀更真实。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Changsha,capitalofcentralChina’sHunanProvince,is___21___itselfintothecountry’sleadingcenterof___22___manufacturing.Thecity’sclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanieshasbeenincludedinChina’sfirstlistof15sophisticatedmanufacturingclusters.Inrecentyears,Changshahas___23___promotedthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofitsmanufacturingindustry,improvedthesector’scomprehensivestrengthandoptimizeditsindustrial___24___.Thecityhascontinuously___25___itsinnovationcapacityandseena___26___ofmajorinnovationoutcomes.Ithasalsopromotedtheextensiveapplicationofinformationtechnologiesinindustrialization,makingits___27___manufacturinga___28___.“Asa___29___inbuildingtheclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanies,theChangshaConstructionMachineryIndustryAssociationencouragedcompaniesto___30___over220newproductsandtechnologies,amongwhichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChinaandeventheworld,breakingtechnological___31___,”saidWuJingsheng,executivevicepresidentoftheassociation.Theassociationalso___32___inthesecondChangshaInternationalConstructionEquipmentExhibitionheldinChangshaandorganizedfivethemedforums.ItalsotookpartinthefirstChinaConstructionMachineryLeasingConferenceheldinthecity,whichattractedover1,500leasingcompaniesforofflineactivitiesandover20,000enterprisesfor___33___activities.“ChangshawillbuilditselfintoaleadingadvancedmanufacturingclusterinChinaand___34___anexampleinthisregard,soastodrive___35___industrialdevelopmentintheChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanmetropolitanareaandtherestofHunanProvince,”saidKangXiaoping,directoroftheChangshamunicipalindustryandinformationtechnologybureau.21.A.transforming B.reforming C.catering D.devoting22.A.industrial B.major C.advanced D.apical23.A.randomly B.vigorously C.casually D.frequently24.A.pattern B.standard C.design D.prospect25.A.adjusted B.renewed C.enhanced D.accelerate26.A.discovery B.tendency C.revise D.stream27.A.unmanned B.sensitive C.special D.intelligent28.A.helpinghand B.callingcard C.growingtrend D.pullingarm29.A.tutor B.pioneer C.follower D.core30.A.putup B.setoff C.rollout D.lookinto31.A.steppingstones B.bottlenecks C.drawbacks D.ties32.A.participated B.appeared C.directed D.starred33.A.other B.online C.relevant D.vis-à-vis34.A.buildup B.turnto C.setup D.beatdown35.A.coordinated B.decentralized C.prosperous D.healthy【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29.B30.C31.B32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国中部湖南省的省会长沙正在转型为全国领先的先进制造业中心，介绍了其推动制造业发展所付出的努力以及取得的成就。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：长沙，中国中部湖南省的省会，正在转型为全国领先的先进制造业中心。A.transforming变换；B.reforming改革；C.catering迎合；D.devoting致力于。根据后文“itselfintothecountry’sleadingcenterof”指长沙正在转型成为制造业中心。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长沙，中国中部湖南省的省会，正在转型为全国领先的先进制造业中心。A.industrial工业的；B.major主要的；C.advanced先进的；D.apical顶端的。根据后文“Thecity’sclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanieshasbeenincludedinChina’sfirstlistof15sophisticatedmanufacturingclusters.”可知，长沙工程机械企业集群已被列入中国首批15个高端制造业集群名单，说明正在转型为全国领先的先进制造业中心。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：近年来，长沙市大力推动制造业高质量发展，提升制造业综合实力，优化产业模式。A.randomly随机地；B.vigorously有力地；C.casually随意地；D.frequently频繁地。根据后文“promotedthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofitsmanufacturingindustry”可知，要转型，说明要大力推动制造业高质量发展，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：近年来，长沙市大力推动制造业高质量发展，提升制造业综合实力，优化产业模式。A.pattern模式；B.standard标准；C.design设计；D.prospect前景。根据上文“optimizeditsindustrial”可知，长沙要成为制造业中心，就要优化产业模式。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：创新能力不断增强，重大创新成果不断涌现。A.adjusted调整；B.renewed重新开始；C.enhanced增强；D.accelerate加速。根据后文“itsinnovationcapacity”可知，长沙在不断增强创新能力。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：创新能力不断增强，重大创新成果不断涌现。A.discovery发现；B.tendency趋势；C.revise修订；D.stream小河。根据后文“ofmajorinnovationoutcomes”指重大创新成果不断涌现，此处为astreamof表示“一系列”。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：推动信息化在工业化中的广泛应用，使智能制造成为中国的名片。A.unmanned无人的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.special特别的；D.intelligent聪明的，智能的。根据上文“theextensiveapplicationofinformationtechnologies”可知，长沙在推动信息化，即进行智能制造。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：推动信息化在工业化中的广泛应用，使智能制造成为中国的名片。A.helpinghand援助之手；B.callingcard名片；C.growingtrend发展趋势；D.pullingarm划水臂。根据上文可知长沙为了成为制造业中心进行了种种努力，其目标是为了成为中国制造业的名片。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“作为建设工程机械企业集群的先驱者，长沙市工程机械行业协会鼓励企业推出220多种新产品、新技术，其中5种产品是国内乃至世界首创，突破了技术瓶颈。”协会常务副会长吴京生说。A.tutor家庭教师；B.pioneer先锋；C.follower追随者；D.core核心。根据后文“whichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChina”可知，长沙是建设工程机械企业集群的先驱者，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“作为建设工程机械企业集群的先驱者，长沙市工程机械行业协会鼓励企业推出220多种新产品、新技术，其中5种产品是国内乃至世界首创，突破了技术瓶颈。”协会常务副会长吴京生说。A.putup提供；B.setoff出发；C.rollout推出；D.lookinto调查。根据后文宾语“over220newproductsandtechnologies”指推出220多种新产品、新技术。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“作为建设工程机械企业集群的先驱者，长沙市工程机械行业协会鼓励企业推出220多种新产品、新技术，其中5种产品是国内乃至世界首创，突破了技术瓶颈。”协会常务副会长吴京生说。A.steppingstones踏脚石；B.bottlenecks瓶颈；C.drawbacks缺点；D.ties结。根据上文“whichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChinaandeventheworld,breakingtechnological”可知，长沙推出的产品和技术中，其中5种产品是国内乃至世界首创，突破了技术瓶颈，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：协会还参加了在长沙举办的第二届长沙国际工程设备展览会，并组织了五场主题论坛。A.participated参加；B.appeared出现；C.directed指导；D.starred主演。根据后文“inthesecondChangshaInternationalConstructionEquipmentExhibition”指参加展览会，应用participate。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还参加了首届中国工程机械租赁大会，吸引了1500多家租赁公司线下活