必修2-unit1限制性和非限制性定语从句汇编

第#页共6页限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句一、 定语的概念：左语通常由形容词来担任，起限定和修饰名词或代词的作用。二Sheisabeautifulgirl.（beautifiil是龙i吾）二、 定语从句的概念：由一个句子来担任徒语的功能，相当于一个形容词，用来限左和修饰名词或代词。二Sheisagirlwhoisbeautifiil.（whoisbeautifiil这整个句子做定语）三、 定语从句中的概念例：Thisisailoldcomputer.Itworksmuchslower.（这是两个简单句，其中后一句中的”代替anoldcomputer）—*Thisisanoldcomputerwliiclvthatworksmuchslowe匚（这是一个复合句,whicWthat代替anoldcomputer引导龙语从句）TheCDisverygood.IbouglittheCD.—>TlieCDthat/whichIbouglitisverygood.Thisisthelious巴Welivedintliehousetwoyearsago.—*Thisisthehousewherewelivedtwoyearsago.先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的轻词或代词关系词：引导左语从句的词A关系词主要起三个作用：1•代替先行词2•在左语从句中作句子成分引导从句3•把从句和主句连接起来定语从句的分类：限制性宦语从句和非限制性圧语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：限制性泄语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的泄语，去掉后句意不完整是对先行词的补充说明，删除后句子意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的建语，“……的……”通常翻译成主句的并列句先行词只能是名词或代词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子关系词A.作宾语时可省略；B•可用that;可用who代替whom;可用why不可省；不用that;不用who代替whom;why要换为forwhich形式不同:限制性龙语从句紧跟先行词，与先行词之间一般不加逗号•，仅修饰先行词。非限制性左语从句仅作为补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个句子。Eg:Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.（限制性）Tliehouse,whichwebouglitlastmonth,isverynice.（非限制性）功能不同：限左性左语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成包意丕笼整或概念丕漬•。…而非限定性定语从句与先行词关系不失分密切，只是对于其做一些附加说明，不起限泄制约作用。如果将非限從性定语从句省略，主旬旳意乂仍悠定整。Eg:①Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.（若把从句去掉句子就失去意义。）②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.（若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整。）翻译不同：在翻译左语从句时，一般把限泄性左语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词前面，而把非限定性语从句与主句分开。翻译下列句子，注意体会限制性立语从句和非限制性泄语从句在表达意义上的区别。Hehasabrotherwhoisaphysicist.他有一个当医生的兄弟。（不止一个兄弟，其中一个是医生）Hehasabrother,whoisaphysicist.他有一个兄弟，是个医生。（只有一个兄弟）HereturnedallthebookswhicharewritteninEnglish.他把所有的英文书都归还了。（还有别的书没归还）Hereturnedallthebooks,whicharewritteninEnglish.他把所有的书都归还了:这些书都是英文书。*想一想：为什么当先行词是专有乞词或由物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的左语从句通常是非限制性的？【随即随练】翻译下列句子1・Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor.住在我隔壁的那个人是个医生。Mysister,wholivesnextdoor,isadoctor.我姐姐是个医生，住在我的隔壁。InourschoolthereareeightforeignteacherswhocomefromAustralia・我们学校有八位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。Inourschoolthereareeightforeignteachers,whocomefromAustralia・我们学校共有八位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。关系词的使用情况有所不同•关系代词:which,that,who,whom,whose•关系副词：when,where,why▼限制性立语从句和非限制性立语从句中关系代词的使用对比表:限制性立语从句代抬人代指物作主语who,thatthat,which作宾语who,whom,thatj可省略）which,that（可省略）作定语whosewhose非限制性上语从句代指人代指物作主语whowhich作宾语whom（不叫省略）which（不可省略）作定语whosewhose（1）关系代词使用情况不冋例］.ThisisthegirlwhomImetinthestreet.例2.Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend.whomhewantedtoimpress・1） 指人时，作宾语，在限制性泄语从句中，Who可用，但在非限制性圧语从句中who不可用。判断以上两个例句哪个可以用Who2） that不可以用于引导非限制性圧语从句（同上判断）3） 关系代词省略情况不同（判断）【牛刀小试】在下列横线上填入适当的关系代词1・TheisthebookwhosecoverisblueThewomanwho/whom/thatwctalkedaboutismysister.Thehouse,which weboughtlastmonth,isverynice・Acompanywhose profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunity.Themanwho/that livesnextdoorisadoctor.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,which shewantedtobe.Hemetwithaprettygirlinthepark.whom hefellinloveatfirstsight.Hehasabrother,who isaphysicist.（2）关系副词有when,where,why三个，在怎语从句中一般做状语

例l.Wc'llgraduateinJulywhenwewillbefree.（限制性）We'llgraduateinJuly,whenwewillbefree.（非限制性）LastSundaytheyreachedNanjingwhereaconferencetobeheld.（限制性）LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencetobeheld.（非限制性）didn'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.（限制性）•在非限制性定语从句中不能用why【随即随练】在下列横线上填入适当的关系副词1.Therainbowcan'tbeseenatnoon,whenthesunishighinthesky.Weplayedinthegardentillsunset,when isbegantorain.walkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,where weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake・4.F11giveyoumyfriend'saddress,whereIcanbereachedmostevenings・hadtoldthemthereasonwhyIdidiVtattendthemeeting.先行词不同：限制性左语从句中的先行词只能是名词或代词。在非限制性泄语从句中，关系词壘1也可指代整个主句。如：—>Thebookthat/whichIboughtisveryinteresting,（that/which指thebook）—>Hereturnedallthebooks,whicharewritteninEnglish・（which指allthebooks）—>Petcrdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.（which指整个主句）—>Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.（which指整个主句）【随堂练习】一、单项选择FvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofdiestudentsinmyschoolAImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear・A.who B.where C.when D.whichTheoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesDarebuiltclosetoeachother.A.they B.where C.what D.thatAlltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,Btheparentsaretreatingtheirchildasafriend.A.why B.where C.which D.thatThevisitorDpassportwasstolenwasonhiswaytotheUS.A.which B.that C.who D.whoseD.thatEveryonehasperiodsintheirlivesAeverythingseemsveryhard.A.when B.where C.whichD.that6・Wc'llreachthesalestargetsinamonthAwesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.which B.where C.when D.what把下而的几个简单句合并为一个复合句：Heisayoungman.Hisparentsarebothdoctors.Heisayoungmanwhoseparentsarebothdoctors・Thisisaboy.Heisveryrclever.Thisisaboywho/thatisveryclever.Ningboisabeautifulcity.SomefamousfilmstarshavebeentoNingbo.Ningbothat/whichsomefamousfilmstarshavebeentoisabeautifulcity.Mr.smithhasmanyfriends.Thesefriendscamefromallovertheworld・Mr.smithhasmanyfriendsthat/whichcamefromallovertheworld・Thisisafactory.Myparentsworkinthisfactory.Thisisafactorywheremyparentswork.【课后练习】一、单项选择Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotrave1ing,Bturnedouttobeawisedecision・A.that B.which C.when D.whereWomen drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose don't.A.who;不填 B.不填：who C.whoiwho D.不填：不填Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature.B,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.which B.who C.where D.whomSalesdirectorisapositionDcommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills・A.which B.that C.when D.whereBetweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval, Alheaudiencecanbuyice-cream..A.when B.where C.that D.whichTheexactyearDAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.A.when B.where C.why D.whichNowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentD theylive・A.what B.which C.when D.whereThebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkDagocxlimpressionisamust.A.which B.when C.as D.whereManychildren.Bparentsareawayworkinginabigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage・A.their B.whose C.ofthem D.withwhomUntilnow,wehaveraised50000poundsforthepoorchildren. Bisquiteunexpected・A.that B.which C.who D.it11.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethro