2023学年完整公开课版communication

Communicativelanguageteaching材料搜集：张硕，于婷,张文艳PPT制作：于璇CLTisanapproachtotheteachingofsecondandforeignlanguagesthatemphasizesinteractionasboththemeansandultimategoaloflearningalanguage.Itisalsoreferredtoas“communicativeapproachofteachingforeignlanguages”orsimplythe“communicativeapproach”.DefinitionBackgroundSocietalinfluences

1.Communicativelanguageteachingrosetoprominenceinthe1970sandearly1980s.Inthisperiod,therewasanincreaseddemandforlanguagelearning,particularlyinEurope.Theadventofthe

EuropeanCommonMarket(欧洲经济共同体)ledtowidespreadEuropeanmigration,andconsequentlytherewasalargepopulationofpeoplewhoneededtolearnaforeignlanguageforworkorforpersonalreasons.2.InBritain,theintroductionof

comprehensiveschools(综合学校)meantthatalmostallchildrenhadtheopportunitytostudyforeignlanguages.3.Thetrendof

progressivism(进步主义)

ineducationprovidedfurtherpressureforeducatorstochangetheirmethods.Academicinfluences1,InBritain,appliedlinguistsbegantodoubttheefficacyofsituationallanguageteaching,thedominantmethodinthatcountryatthetime.ThiswaspartlyinresponsetoChomsky’sinsightsintothenatureoflanguage.2,Britishappliedlinguistssuchas

ChristopherCandlinand

HenryWiddowson,theysawaneedforstudentstodevelopcommunicativeskillandfunctionalcompetenceinadditiontomasteringlanguagestructures.3,thelinguistandanthropologist

DellHymes

developedtheconceptof

communicativecompetence.ThiswasareactiontoChomsky’sconceptofthe

linguisticcompetence

ofanidealnativespeaker.TheoreticalbasisTheoryoflanguage1.Startsfromatheoryoflanguageascommunication2.Hymes’theoryofcommunicativecompetence3.Therearerulesofusewithoutwhichtherulesofgrammarwouldbeuseless4.Halliday’sfunctionalaccountoflanguageuse5.HenryWiddowson:aviewoftherelationshipbetweenlinguisticsystemsandtheircommunicativevaluesinthetextanddiscourse6.CanaleandSwain:fourdimensionsofcommunicativecompetence—grammaticalcompetence,sociolinguisticcompetence,discoursecompetence,strategiccompetence7.Attheleveloflanguagetheory,CLThasarich,ifsomewhatelectic,theoreticalbase.Theoryoflearning1.Communicationprinciple2.Taskprinciple3.Meaningfulnessprinciple4.recently,sometheoriesoflanguagelearningprocessesthatarecompatiblewiththecommunicativeapproach5.JohnsonandLittlewood:skill-learningmodeloflearningCharacteristicsTheroleoftheteacher1.Afacilitator

ofstudents’learning2.Amanager

ofclassroomactivities3.Anadvisor

ofstudents’questions4.Aco-communicator

inthecommunicativeactivityTheroleofthestudents1.Anegotiator2.Acommunicator3.Acontributor4.AnindependentlearnerThreepoints1.Functionsoverforms2.Appropriateuseoflanguage3.LanguagelearningactivitiesProcedure1.Presentation7.Oralactivities2.Oralpractice8.Productionactivities3.Q&A9.Copying4.PersonalQ&A10.Sampling5.Languageuse11.Evaluation6.Generalizationofrules1.Widerconsiderationsofwhatisappropriateandwhatisaccurate2.Widerrangeoflanguage3.Realisticandmotivatinglanguagepractice4.Drawingonlearners’knowledgeandexperienceDisadvantages:1.Difficulttotailorsyllabus