翻译家许渊冲

Xu

Yuanchong

许渊冲组员：周雪PartⅠ：BiographyHonors

“书销中外六十本，诗译英法唯一人”“不是院士胜院士，遗欧赠美千首诗”HehasbeenproclaimedastheonlyexpertintheworldwhocantranslateChinesepoetryintoEnglishandFrenchrhyme.Heisnotanacademicianbutbetterthanacademicians.IntroductionIn1921,hewasborninNanchang,JiangxiProvince.

In1938withexcellentgrades,XuwasadmittedtotheNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity,DepartmentofForeignLanguages.（国立西南联合大学外文系）HeissuccessivelyunderthetutelageofWenYiduo,BianZhiLin,YehKung-chaoandQianzhongshu.In1944hegotintotheInstituteofTsinghuaUniversity,afterthathestudiedinEurope.BythetimeXureturnedhome,hebecameanEnglishandFrenchprofessorinCollegeofForeignLanguagesinBeijing,Zhangjiakou,Luoyang.In1983,XuenteredPekingUniversityandservedasaprofessorinForeignStudiesUniversity，InstituteofInternationalRelations,SchoolofJournalism.In1991,Xuretired.Hepublishedtwentyworksbeforetheretirement,andafterthathecontinuedtopublishfortyworks.Translationworks《诗经》TheBookofSongs《楚辞》TheSongsofChu《李白诗选》SelectedPoemsofLiBai《西厢记》RomanceoftheWesternChamber《红与黑》TheRedandTheBlack《包法利夫人》MadameBovary《追忆似水年华》RemembranceofThingsPast《许渊冲赞两首》（其一）：许是天公赐译才，渊深海阔踏歌来。冲霄信步诗词苑，赞我中华大擂台。（王永泰作）XYZSONG(I)Xu,RespectedTranslatorgiftedbyLordofSky,Youwalkpoeticoceans,singinspirithigh.Zealforpoemscourt,yourmelodiesskywardfly,SongsofChina’shugearenasforpoetstovie.

（吴伟雄译）《许渊冲赞两首》（其二）：许诺何难实干难，渊源远愿译为餐。冲茶款客诗词宴，赞美人生不赋闲。（王永泰作）XYZSONG(II)Xu,believingpromisemucheasierthanpractice,Youtaketranslationasmeals,thedailybusiness.Zestingpoets’salons,yourlifecomposesamasterSongtoastudiousandevertirelesstranslator.

（吴传雄译）

HonorsIn1999，Xu

YuanchongwasnominatedfortheNobelPrizeinliterature.In2010，hewasawarded"translationculturelifeachievementaward".Content翻译“优化论”三论三美三化三之优化论许渊冲在继承前人学说的基础上，集毕生翻译之经验加以发展，提出了自成一派的翻译理论“优化论”，用“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”这十个字加以概括。这十个字是许渊冲的文学理论翻译观。

文学翻译是“美化之艺术”即是“三美”，“三化”，“三之”的艺术；“美化”就是“创优”，“优”就有高低之分，所以创优就是竞赛，看哪种语言更能够表达原作的内容。总的来说，文学译论也可以说是“创优似竞赛”。优是文学翻译的本体论，创是方法论，似是目的论，竞赛是认识论。译诗之三论意美音美形美是译诗的本体论。意美是要再现原诗的意境美，音美是要和原诗一样有悦耳的节奏，形美主要指译诗的行数分节跟原诗相当。“欲穷千里目更上一层楼”Youcanenjoyagrandersight,Byclimbingtoagreaterheight.Wishyouanendlessviewtocheeryoueyes,Thenonmorestorymountandhigherrise.“三化”（深化等化浅化）是译诗的方法论。“深化”包括加词分译;“等化”包括换词合译；“浅化”包括减词反译.生当作人杰死亦为鬼雄至今思项羽不肯过江东Bemanofmenwhileyou’realive,Andsoulofsoulsifyouweredead.ThinkofXiangYuwho’dnotsurvive,Hismenwhosebloodforhimwasshed.夜静青山空nightfallsandtheverymountainsdissolveintothevoid“三之”(知之好之乐之）是译诗的目的论。知之是使人理解，这是翻译的基本要求；然后是好之，能使人喜欢；最高的境界是乐之，是使人愉快。蜡烛有心还惜别

替人垂泪到天明Thecandlegrievestoseeuspart,Itmeltsintearswithbrunt-outheart.Eventhecandle,feelingoursadness,Weeps,sowedo,allnightalong.许渊冲的翻译作品

组员：余昕蕊21“”音形意的体现许渊冲经典翻译作品赏析10/6/2023关雎关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑Byriversideare

cooing.

Apairof

turtledoves.

Agoodyoungmaniswooing.

Afairmaidenhe

loves10/6/2023

《七绝·为女民兵题照》中华儿女多奇志，不爱红装爱武装

毛泽东10/6/2023许渊冲的经典翻译MostChinesedaughtershavedesiretostrongTofacethepowder

andnottopowder

theface.10/6/2023李商隐《无题》“相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残”

It’sdifficultforustomeetandhardtopart.Theeastwindistooweaktoreviveflowersdead10/6/2023春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干Springsilkwormtillitsdeathspinssilk