心血管系统解剖学课件08

Angiology脉管系统山东大学医学院解剖教研室李振华CompositionCardiovascularsystem心血管系统

Lymphaticsystem

淋巴系统ThecardiovascularsystemOrganizationHeart心Amusclepumptomaintaintheflowofblood,Consistoffourchambers(rightandleftatria,rightandleftventricles)Artery动脉a.

carrybloodawayfromtheheartVeins静脉v.

carrybloodbacktotheheartCapillary毛细血管microscopicvessels,theareaofexchangebetweenbloodandtissuefluidBloodcirculationSystemiccirculation体循环

leftventricle→aortaanditsbranches→capillariesofbody→superiorandinferiorvenacava→rightatriumPulmonarycirculation肺循环rightventricle→pulmonarya.→capillariesoflung→pulmonaryv.→rightatriumVascularanastomosis血管吻合Anastomosisbetweena.Anastomosisbetweenv.Arteriolovenularanastomosis动静脉吻合Collateralvessels侧副管

Circulation侧支循环RectalvenousplexusTheArteriesCharacteristicsSymmetry对称Inthetrunkofthebodyconsistparietalandvisceralbranches壁支和脏支ShortestpossiblecourseRunonflexorsurfacesUsuallydonotpassdirectlythroughmuscles,avoidingcompressionTogetherwiththeveinsandnervesinasheathoffasciatoformneurovascularbundle血管神经束Arteriesofpulmonarycirculation

肺循环的动脉Pulmonarytrunk

肺动脉干ArisesfromrightventricleRunsup,back,andtotheleftBifurcatesinferiortoaorticarchintorightandleftpulmonaryarteries,oneforeachlungArteriesofsystemiccirculation

体循环的动脉Aorta主动脉Ascendingaorta升主动脉Aorticarch主动脉弓Brachiocephalictrunk头臂干rightcommoncarotida.右颈总动脉rightsubclaviana.右锁骨下动脉Leftcommoncarotida.左颈总动脉Leftsubclaviana.左锁骨下动脉Descendingaorta降主动脉Thoracicaorta胸主动脉Abdominalaorta腹主动脉ArteriesofheadandneckCommoncarotida.颈总动脉Externalcarotida.颈外动脉Internalcarotida.颈内动脉Subclaviana.锁骨下动脉ArteriesofupperlimbAxillarya.腋动脉Brachiala.肱动脉Radiala.桡动脉Ulnara.尺动脉Superficialpalmararch掌浅弓deeppalmararc掌深弓Thoracicaorta胸主动脉Parietalbranches壁支Ninepairsposteriorintercostalsarteries肋间后动脉Onepairsubcostal肋下动脉Visceralbranches脏支Abdominalaorta腹主动脉

Visceralbranches脏支PairedbranchesMiddlesuprarenalartery肾上腺中动脉Renalartery肾动脉Testicular(ovarian)artery睾丸（卵巢）动脉UnpairedbranchesCeliactrunk腹腔干Superiormesenterica.肠系膜上动脉Inferiormesenterica.肠系膜下动脉ParietalbranchesArteriesofpelvisCommoniliaca.髂总动脉Internaliliaca.髂内动脉Externaliliaca.髂外动脉ArteriesoflowerlimbFemorala.股动脉Popliteala.腘动脉Posteriortibiala.胫后动脉Anteriortibiala.胫前动脉dorsala.offoot足背动脉TheVeins静脉GeneralfeatureThinwalls,largerlumens,venousvalves,venousplexus,venousreteTwosetsSuperficialveinDeepveinsSpecialstructures:sinusesofduramater硬脑膜窦diploicveins板障静脉VenousvalveDiploicveinsSinusesofduramaterSuperiorvenacavaanditstributariesVeinsofheadandneckInternaljugularveinExternaljugularveinBrachiocephalicvein:venousangleVeinsofupperlimbDeepvein:havethesamenamesastheircompanionarteriesSuperficialveins:cephalicv.头静脉basilicav.贵要静脉mediancubitalv.肘正中静脉VeinsofthoraxSuperiorvenacava上腔静脉Azygosv.奇静脉Hemiazygosv.半奇静脉accessoryhemiazygosv.副半奇静脉Veinsofvertebralcolumn椎静脉丛InferiorvenacavasystemVeinsoflowerlimbDeepvein:havethesamenamesastheircompanionarteriesSuperficialveins:greatsaphenousv.大隐静脉smallsaphenous小隐静脉VeinsofpelvisInternaliliacv.髂内静脉Externaliliacv.髂外静脉Commoniliacv.髂总静脉InferiorvenacavaanditstributariesHepaticportalv.TheLymphaticSystemHeartArteryCapillariesVeinCellTissuefluidLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticvesselLymphaticnodeLymphatictrunkLymphaticductCompositionLymphaticvesselLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticvessels:twosets,superficialanddeepLymphatictrunks:nineLymphaticducts:thoracicduct,rightlymphaticduckLymphaticorganLymphaticnodesTons