特殊的被动语态

。-可编辑修改-特殊的被动语态王海燕1.在“have/see/find/watch/hear/feel/make/leave+n.+done”结构中done表被动含义。TheTVthatI__________________________brokedownagain.(repair)我上周请人修好的电视又坏了。Heraisedhisvoicesothathecould____________________________.(make)他提高嗓门以便能被别人听见。=1\*GB3①当“feel,look,smell,taste,sound,appear,keep,stay...+adj”时,主动形式表被动意义；=2\*GB3②当cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等动词后接副词（如well,easily,slowly,quickly等），且主语是物时，用主动形式表被动含义，用来修饰主语的性质特征。Thecrisissaidthathisnewnovel________________________.（sell）那个批评家说他的新小说不会畅销。Whathesaid_____________________.(sound)他说的话听起来是真的。Thepen___________________.(write)这支笔很好写。Thiskindofcloth______________________.(wash)这种布料很好洗。当can’t或won’t与close,open,read,shut,lock等连用表示主语的性质特征时，用主动形式表被动意义。Thewindow________________.(shut)这窗户关不上。Thedoor_______________.(open)门打不开。want,require,need,beworth,deserve等词以物作主语时，这些词后常用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。Thehouseneeds______________________.(clean)这个房子需要打扫。Thebookisworth_________________________.(read)=Thebookisworthy___________________________.这本书值得一读。Whoeverbreaksthelaw____________________.(deserve)任何违法的人都应受到惩罚。当breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、结果表明”等意思时表主动.(凡是表示“发生”的动词/动词短语都没有被动语态)Theplan__________________successfully.(work)计划很切实可行.Anearthquake_____________________inTangshanin1976.(take)1976年唐山发生地震.不定式的主动形式可以表被动，常用于下列情形：（1）不定式作定语，且和被修饰的名词有动宾关系，又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系时，常用主动形式表被动意义：Shehasababy_______________________.(look)她有一个婴儿要照顾。Pleaselendmeapen_______________________.(write)请借我一支笔写字。Doyouhaveanything________________?(post)你有什么要寄的吗？（指自己去寄）Doyouhaveanything________________?(post)你有什么要（我）去寄的吗？（指让别人去寄）在句式“sb/sth+is+adj+todo”中，多用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。这类常见的形容词有：easy,difficult,hard,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,impossible等。Thechairishard_______________________.(sit)这个凳子坐上去很舒服。Thequestioniseasy_____________________.（answer）这个问题很容易回答。Thegirlisn’teasy__________________________.(get)这个女孩不好相处。

The

maths

problem

is

difficult

____________________.(work)这个数学题很难解答出来。(3)“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构中，宾补表将来时一般都用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。Withsomuchwork_______________,Marycan’tbutstayathome.(do)因为有很多工作要做，玛丽只得呆在家里。Withsomanyproblems________________,Ican’tgotothecinemawithyoutonight.(settle)有这么多问题要解决，我今晚不能陪你去看电影了。(4)在too,enough等词后面的不定式，当句子主语是逻辑宾语时，用主动形式表达被动含义。Youwillfindhercoffeeistoobitter_______________________.(drink)你会发现她的咖啡太苦了不能喝。(5)在therebe结构中，主语后的不定式可用主动形式表示被动意义：Therearesomeproblems_____________________.(solve)有一些问题要解决。Thereisnothing______________________.(worry)没有什么可担心的。7.在某些固定词组和句型中，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：prove,turnout(tobe),consistof,belongto,betoblame,betolet（出租）等。Thetheoryheusedtostickto______________________now.(prove)他过去坚持的理论现在已经被证明是错误的。Itwasthecomputerthatbrokedownhalfwaythat__________________________forthelossofthefiles.(blame)是中途出故障的电脑该为文件的丢失负责任。Thehouseis_____________.(let)此屋出租。8.表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”意义的动词（如begin,start,finish,end等），多用主动表被动：Thefilm_________________________whenIgottothetheater.(begin)当我到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始了。Themeeting______________________warmapplause.(end)会议以热烈的掌声结束。有些特殊短语也表被动意义,如：“beyondbelief/compare/expression/doubt”;inuse/sight/store”;underconstruction/discussion/repair/attack/arrest”;“onsale/show”等。Thechildrenwere_______________________.(control)孩子们没法控制了。Therumoris_________________________.(beyond)谣言难以置信。Whenwaspapermoney______________inChina?(use)纸币在中国什么时候开始使用的？Everyarticleonviewwillbe__________________.(sale)每件展品都将出售。Yourproposalis_________________________.(consideration)你的提议正在考虑中。特殊的被动语态答案hadhadrepairedlastweek;makehimselfheardwouldn’tsellwell;soundstrue;writeswell;washeswellwon’tshut;won’topencleaning/tobecleaned;reading;toberead/ofbeingread;deservestobepunishedworksout;tookplace(1)tolookafter;towritewith;topost;tobeposted(2)tositon;toanswer;togetalongwith;toworkout(3)todo;tosettle(4)tod