巍gre机经刷题11月

Whenselectinganest,thefemaleoftheriverblenny(asmallfish)appearstobesensitivetobothsizeandorientation.Blenniesdeposittheireggspreferablyinnestsunderlargestonesandinnestsfacingsoutheast.Southeast-facingnestscontainlargereggclutches,afactthatcannotbecompletelyexplainedbydifferencesinneststonesizes.Moreover,inarecentstudy,currentspeedsupstreamofthenestandatthenestentranceweresimilarfornestsfacingsoutheastandthosefacinginotherdirections.Asoutheast-facingentrancepersethusseemstobethespecificnestfeaturepreferredbyfemales,ratherthantheeffectofselectivepositioningoncurrentatnestentrance.Thereasonsforthispreferenceareunclear,however.ThepassageisconcernedwithwhichofthedeterminingthedifferentwaysinwhichcurrentspeedscaninfluencethenestingpreferencesoffemaleriverestablishingnestorientationasadeterminingfactorinegglayingamongfemaleriverquestioningtheimportanceofnestsizeasaninfluenceonegglayingamongfemalerivercomparingthefeaturesoffemaleriverblenniesthatfacesoutheastwiththoseofnestsfacinginotherexamininghowfemaleriverblenniesdeterminetherelativeimportanceofnestsizeversusnestWhenselectinganest,thefemaleoftheriverblenny(asmallfish)appearstobesensitivetobothsizeandorientation.Blenniesdeposittheireggspreferablyinnestsunderlargestonesandinnestsfacingsoutheast.Southeast-facingnestscontainlargereggclutches,afactthatcannotbecompletelyexplainedbydifferencesinneststonesizes.Moreover,inarecentstudy,currentspeedsupstreamofthenestandatthenestentranceweresimilarfornestsfacingsoutheastandthosefacinginotherdirections.Asoutheast-facingentrancepersethusseemstobethespecificnestfeaturepreferredbyfemales,ratherthantheeffectofselectivepositioningoncurrentatnestentrance.Thereasonsforthispreferenceareunclear,however.Theauthorofthepassageconsiders“currentspeeds”inorderidentifyafactorthatunderminesthesignificanceofneststonesizeforfemaleriverindicateonepossibleadvantageofriverblennyneststhatdonotfaceeliminateapossibleexplanationforanestorientationtendencyamongfemaleriverindicatewhyfemaleriverblenniesaresensitivetobothsizeandorientationofpossiblePassage选自真经GRE阅读240篇TheeditorsoftheessaycollectionRomanticbiographytellusrepeatedlythatbiographyisaninventionoftheRomanticperiodinBritishliterature(lateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies),yetwearenevershownthatprocessofinventionmotion.Hazlitt,themostprominentexampleoftheRomanticbiographer,isalmostinvisible.TheRomanticperiodwasnotjusttheperiodinwhichbiographywasinvented—or,rather,theperiodinwhichsomeofitsinformingprincipleswereinvented,sincebiographycouldjustaseasilybesaidtohaveoriginatedinthescandalousmemoirsthatformedpartofthepre-Romanticcultureofthenovel.Itwasalsotheperiodinwhichbiography,throughitssheerubiquity,becameanobjectofmajorideologicalsignificancewithinBritishculture.Thepassagementionsthe"scandalousmemoirs”thatwerewrittenpriortotheRomanticperiodprimarilyinordertoindicateanalternativeaccountoftheoriginsofcomparethesememoirstoRomanticexplainhowbiographybecameubiquitousinBritishsuggestthatbiographieswerenotaspopularasTheeditorsoftheessaycollectionRomanticbiographytellusrepeatedlythatbiographyisaninventionoftheRomanticperiodinBritishliterature(lateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies),yetwearenevershownthatprocessofinventionmotion.Hazlitt,themostprominentexampleoftheRomanticbiographer,isalmostinvisible.TheRomanticperiodwasnotjusttheperiodinwhichbiographywasinvented—or,rather,theperiodinwhichsomeofitsinformingprincipleswereinvented,sincebiographycouldjustaseasilybesaidtohaveoriginatedinthescandalousmemoirsthatformedpartofthepre-Romanticcultureofthenovel.Itwasalsotheperiodinwhichbiography,throughitssheerubiquity,becameanobjectofmajorideologicalsignificancewithinBritishculture.Accordingtothepassage,biographyattainedgreatsignificancewithinBritishcultureduringtheRomanticperiodbecausebiographieswereeasytoreadandweresowidespreadinBritainatthecontributedtothedevelopmentofthe 选自真经GRE选自真经GRE240？2018102120181021In1995,afteranabsenceofnearly70years,wolveswerereintroducedintoYellowstoneNationalPark.Duringthewolf-freeera,heavybrowsingofaspentreesbyelkpopulationsspelleddoomnotonlyfortreesthemselvesbutforahostofothercreaturesdependentonthem,suchasbeavers,whosepopulationinYellowstonecrashedafterwolveswereremoved.Withoutbeaverstocreateponds,wetlandecosystems--aquaticplants,amphibians,birds-weredevastated.Whenwolvesreturned,grazersandbrowsersresumednormalpatternsofbehaviors,preferringsafer,openareasoverthedensecoverandstreamsideswherecarnivorescanlurk.Keepingelkwaryandonthemove,wolvesgaveaspenandotheryoungtreestheopportunitytogrowandbecomereestablished.ThepassageassertswhichofthefollowingaboutbeaverpopulationsinTheywereadverselyaffectedbythefeedinghabitsofelkTheyincreasedduringtheperiodwhenwolvesdisappearedfromtheTheyhavehistoricallyhadanadverseeffectonthepark'swetlandTheyareessentialtothehealthofthepark'saspenIn1995,afteranabsenceofnearly70years,wolveswerereintroducedintoYellowstoneNationalPark.Duringthewolf-freeera,heavybrowsingofaspentreesbyelkpopulationsspelleddoomnotonlyfortreesthemselvesbutforahostofothercreaturesdependentonthem,suchasbeavers,whosepopulationinYellowstonecrashedafterwolveswereremoved.Withoutbeaverstocreateponds,wetlandecosystems--aquaticplants,amphibians,birds-weredevastated.Whenwolvesreturned,grazersandbrowsersresumednormalpatternsofbehaviors,preferringsafer,openareasoverthedensecoverandstreamsideswherecarnivorescanlurk.Keepingelkwaryandonthemove,wolvesgaveaspenandotheryoungtreestheopportunitytogrowandbecomereestablished.TheauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingclaimsaboutthereintroductionofwolvestoItindirectlyharmedsomeofthepark'samphibianItreducedthenumberofelkfeedingalongItledtogreaterspeciesdiversityamongthepark'sgrazersandItsignificantlyincreasedcompetitionforfoodamongthepark'sItfosteredtheresurgenceoftreespeciesthatonceflourishedinthepark'sopen选自真经GRE240选自真经GRE240Unlikeherbivoresandomnivores,predatorshavetraditionallybeenthoughtnottobalancenutrientintakebecauseoftheassumptionthatanimaltissueasafoodsourcevarieslittleandisnutritionallybalanced.Butchemicalanalysisofinvertebratepreyrevealsremarkablevariationinnutrientcompositionamongspecies;evenwithinspecies,nutrientcompositionmayvaryconsiderably.Greenstonesuggestedthatpredatorsmayselectfooditemsaccordingtotheirnutrientcontents.Jensenetal(2011)haveshownexperimentallythatevensit-and-waitinvertebratepredatorswithlimitedmobilitycanworktoaddressnutrientdeficiencies.Thewolfspider,forinstance,hasbeenshowntoregulatenutrientintakebyextractingmoredrymassfromapreyitemifitcontainsahigherproportionofanutrientthatwasdeficientinthepreviousprey.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingDoinvertebratepredatorswithfullmobilityaddressnutrientneedsinthesamefashionassit-and-waitinvertebratepredatorswithlimitedmobility?WhywouldtherebeaconsiderablevariationinnutrientcompositionwithinpreyofagivenIsallofthenutrientcontentofinvertebratepreycontainedinthedryWhatwouldawolfspiderdoifaflyitwaseatingcontainedahigherproportionofacertainnutrientthanwaspresentinthespider’srecentprey?Howisawolfspiderabletodeterminethatsomepreyitiseatingcontainsahigherproportionofanutrientthatwasdeficientinthepreviousprey?Unlikeherbivoresandomnivores,predatorshavetraditionallybeenthoughtnottobalancenutrientintakebecauseoftheassumptionthatanimaltissueasafoodsourcevarieslittleandisnutritionallybalanced.Butchemicalanalysisofinvertebratepreyrevealsremarkablevariationinnutrientcompositionamongspecies;evenwithinspecies,nutrientcompositionmayvaryconsiderably.Greenstonesuggestedthatpredatorsmayselectfooditemsaccordingtotheirnutrientcontents.Jensenetal(2011)haveshownexperimentallythatevensit-and-waitinvertebratepredatorswithlimitedmobilitycanworktoaddressnutrientdeficiencies.Thewolfspider,forinstance,hasbeenshowntoregulatenutrientintakebyextractingmoredrymassfromapreyitemifitcontainsahigherproportionofanutrientthatwasdeficientinthepreviousprey.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassageasaA.Aphenomenonisdescribed,andaninterpretationisB.Aclaimismade,andthecorroboratingevidenceisC.AhypothesisispresentedandunderminedbyrecentD.AcontrastisnotedandshowntobespeciousbasedonrecentE.AseriesofassumptionsispresentedandshowntobebasedonsoundAfricanAmericanpainterMalvinGrayJohnson(1896-1934)grewupinurbanenvironments,includingNewYorkCity,butin1934visitedandpaintedscenesfromthesmalltownofBrightwood,Virginia.SomecriticshavecelebratetheBrightwoodpaintings,whichdepictavibrantnaturallandscapeandclose-knitBlackcommunity,asJohnson’sdiscoveryofan“authentic”AfricanAmericanlifeintheruralSouth.Thisview,whichreflectsacommontendencytoregardAfricanAmericanartists’imageryasunmediateddocumentationofdirectexperience,overlooksJohnson’sinterpretivethinking.Intruth,Johnson’sconceptualizationoftheSouthwaslargelyformedbeforeheleftNewYork,wherehehadstudiedtheFrenchexpressionistPaulCézanne.Johnson’sBrightwoodpaintingsreflectCézanne’sstylisticinfluenceandtendencytopresentrurallifeasanidyllicalternativetomodernindustrialism.TheprimarypurposeofthepassageisuseinformationaboutJohnson’shistoricalcontexttoilluminatethesocialsignificanceofhisBrightwoodexplainwhytheworkofAfricanAmericanpaintersissometimescallattentiontoanaspectofJohnson’stechniquethathasbeenlargelyAfricanAmericanpainterMalvinGrayJohnson(1896-1934)grewupinurbanenvironments,includingNewYorkCity,butin1934visitedandpaintedscenesfromthesmalltownofBrightwood,Virginia.SomecriticshavecelebratetheBrightwoodpaintings,whichdepictavibrantnaturallandscapeandclose-knitBlackcommunity,asJohnson’sdiscoveryofan“authentic”AfricanAmericanlifeintheruralSouth.Thisview,whichreflectsacommontendencytoregardAfricanAmericanartists’imageryasunmediateddocumentationofdirectexperience,overlooksJohnson’sinterpretivethinking.Intruth,Johnson’sconceptualizationoftheSouthwaslargelyformedbeforeheleftNewYork,wherehehadstudiedtheFrenchexpressionistPaulCézanne.Johnson’sBrightwoodpaintingsreflectCézanne’sstylisticinfluenceandtendencytopresentrurallifeasanidyllicalternativetomodernindustrialism.Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatThehighlightedsentencehaswhichofthefollowingfunctionsintheItexpandsuponapointmadeinthepreviousIthelpsexplainacommontendencydescribedearlierintheItidentifiesawayinwhichJohnsonsoughttodifferentiatehisworkfromthatofotherW.E.B.DuBois’exhibitofAfricanAmericanhistoryandcultureatthe1900ParisExpositionUniverselleattractedtheattentionofaworldofsociologicalscholarshipwhosevaluehisworkchallenged.DuBoisbelievedthatSpenceriansociologistsfailedintheirattemptstogaingreaterunderstandingofhumandeedsbecausetheirworkexaminednotdeedsbuttheoriesandbecausetheygathereddatanottoaffectsocialprogressbutmerelytotheorize.Inhisexhibit,DuBoissoughttopresentculturalartifactsthatwouldshiftthefocusofsociologyfromtheconstructionofvastgeneralizationstotheobservationofparticular,livingindividualelementsofsocietyandtheworkingcontributionsofindividualpeopletoavastfunctioningsocialstructure.ThepassageimpliesthatDuBoisattributedwhichofthefollowingbeliefstoSpencerianTheorizingisimportanttotheunderstandingofhumanDatagatheringisarelativelyunimportantpartofsociologicalSociologyshouldfocusonthelivingelementsofsocietyratherthanculturalParticularsaremoreimportantthanW.E.B.DuBois’exhibitofAfricanAmericanhistoryandcultureatthe1900ParisExpositionUniverselleattractedtheattentionofaworldofsociologicalscholarshipwhosevaluehisworkchallenged.DuBoisbelievedthatSpenceriansociologistsfailedintheirattemptstogaingreaterunderstandingofhumandeedsbecausetheirworkexaminednotdeedsbuttheoriesandbecausetheygathereddatanottoaffectsocialprogressbutmerelytotheorize.Inhisexhibit,DuBoissoughttopresentculturalartifactsthatwouldshiftthefocusofsociologyfromtheconstructionofvastgeneralizationstotheobservationofparticular,livingindividualelementsofsocietyandtheworkingcontributionsofindividualpeopletoavastfunctioningsocialstructure.Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatThepassageimpliesthatDuBoisbelievedwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutItshouldcontributetothebettermentofItshouldstudywhatpeopleactuallyItshouldfocusonhowexistingsocialstructuresdetermineindividual2018102320181023Wildcatsareimprobablecandidatesfordomestication.Likeallfelids[cats],wildcatsareobligatecarnivores,meaningtheyhavealimitedmetabolicabilitytodigestanythingexceptproteins.Wildcatsliveasolitaryexistenceanddefendexclusiveterritories,makingthemmoreattachedtoplacesthantopeople.Furthermore,catsdonotperformdirectedtasksandtheiractualutilityisdebatable;evenasmousers,inthislatterrole,terrierdogsandferretsarepreferable.Accordingly,thereislittlereasontobelieveanearlyagriculturalcommunitywouldhavesoughtoutandselectedthewildcatasahou